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Author: Nicolas Méthy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 266
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Book Description
En cancérologie, le critère de jugement de référence dans les essais cliniques de phase III est la survie globale. Une longue période de suivi est parfois nécessaire à son évaluation. Le recours à un critère de substitution permet alors de réduire la durée des essais. Un critère de substitution doit permettre de prédire l’effet du traitement expérimental sur le critère clinique de référence. Deux approches statistiques sont proposées pour s’assurer de cette relation. La première consiste à estimer la proportion de l’effet traitement expliquée par le critère de substitution. La seconde, dite méta-analytique, consiste à calculer la corrélation entre les effets du traitement sur chacun des deux critères. Peu de critères de substitution sont validés en cancérologie digestive. Une enquête par questionnaires auprès de cliniciens et de méthodologistes a permis de constituer une liste ordonnée de critères candidats à de futures études de validation. Les mieux classés étaient la survie sans maladie et la survie sans progression associée on non à la qualité de vie. Dans les essais néo-adjuvants du cancer du rectum, les paramètres anatomopathologiques permettent une évaluation précoce de l’effet du traitement. Leur valeur substitutive a été évaluée dans l’essai FFCD 9203. Les analyses n’ont pas permis de valider ces paramètres comme critères de substitution de la survie globale ou du contrôle local. Des analyses poolées avec l’essai EORTC 22921 ont confirmé ces résultats. Les analyses préliminaires avec la technique méta-analytique suggèrent que la survie sans progression pourrait être substitutive de la survie globale.
Author: Nicolas Méthy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 266
Get Book Here
Book Description
En cancérologie, le critère de jugement de référence dans les essais cliniques de phase III est la survie globale. Une longue période de suivi est parfois nécessaire à son évaluation. Le recours à un critère de substitution permet alors de réduire la durée des essais. Un critère de substitution doit permettre de prédire l’effet du traitement expérimental sur le critère clinique de référence. Deux approches statistiques sont proposées pour s’assurer de cette relation. La première consiste à estimer la proportion de l’effet traitement expliquée par le critère de substitution. La seconde, dite méta-analytique, consiste à calculer la corrélation entre les effets du traitement sur chacun des deux critères. Peu de critères de substitution sont validés en cancérologie digestive. Une enquête par questionnaires auprès de cliniciens et de méthodologistes a permis de constituer une liste ordonnée de critères candidats à de futures études de validation. Les mieux classés étaient la survie sans maladie et la survie sans progression associée on non à la qualité de vie. Dans les essais néo-adjuvants du cancer du rectum, les paramètres anatomopathologiques permettent une évaluation précoce de l’effet du traitement. Leur valeur substitutive a été évaluée dans l’essai FFCD 9203. Les analyses n’ont pas permis de valider ces paramètres comme critères de substitution de la survie globale ou du contrôle local. Des analyses poolées avec l’essai EORTC 22921 ont confirmé ces résultats. Les analyses préliminaires avec la technique méta-analytique suggèrent que la survie sans progression pourrait être substitutive de la survie globale.
Author: Serge Morand
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107037654
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
By joining phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, this book explores the patterns of parasite diversity while revealing diversification processes.
Author: Alan D. Lopez
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821362631
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 511
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Book Description
Strategic health planning, the cornerstone of initiatives designed to achieve health improvement goals around the world, requires an understanding of the comparative burden of diseases and injuries, their corresponding risk factors and the likely effects of invervention options. The Global Burden of Disease framework, originally published in 1990, has been widely adopted as the preferred method for health accounting and has become the standard to guide the setting of health research priorities. This publication sets out an updated assessment of the situation, with an analysis of trends observed since 1990 and a chapter on the sensitivity of GBD estimates to various sources of uncertainty in methods and data.
Author: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Meeting
Publisher: WHO Food Additives
ISBN: 9789241660631
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The detailed monographs in this volume summarize the technical, analytical, dietary exposure and toxicological data on a number of contaminants in food: acrylamide, arsenic, deoxydivalenol, furan, mercury and perchlorate. This volume and others in the WHO Food Additives series contain information that is useful to those who produce and use food additives and veterinary drugs and those involved with controlling contaminants in food, government and food regulatory officers, industrial testing laboratories, toxicological laboratories and universities.
Author: T. Sera
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401710686
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 535
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Book Description
Coffee Biotechnology and Quality is a comprehensive volume containing 45 specialised chapters by internationally recognised experts. The book aims to provide a guide for those wishing to learn about recent advances in coffee cultivation and post-harvest technology. It provides a quantitative and rational approach to the major areas of coffee research, including breeding and cloning, tissue culture and genetics, pest control, post-harvest technology and bioconversion of coffee industry residues into commercially valuable products. The chapters review recent experimental work, allowing a conceptual framework for future research to be identified and developed. The book will be of interest to researchers and students involved in any area of coffee research. Consequently, plant breeders, microbiologists, biotechnologists and biochemical engineers will find the book to be a unique and invaluable guide.
Author: Peter M. Fayers
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780198527695
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Researchers in all clinical fields are fully aware of the importance of Quality of Life measurements in judging the efficacy of a given treatment. Psychological criteria play an important role in this evaluation. Assessment of Quality of Life in Clinical Trials: methods and practice explores the current state of the art and illustrates the benefits and potential of health related quality of life assessment in clinical trials. It covers a wide range of analytical issues, emphasizing new and innovative approaches that are of practical and clinical importance.
Author: Ian Calder
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781841101583
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Like other titles in the Core Topics series, this book provides an easy-to-read introduction to this important topic that will be of value to a wide spectrum of healthcare professionals including anaesthetists, intensivists, ODPs, theatre and recovery nurses. Concise but comprehensive chapters from experts in the field cover everything from basic anatomy, physiology and applied physics, through the various methods of maintaining the airway under anaesthesia (supraglottic devices, tracheal intubation, tubes/cuffs, endobronchial and double-lumen tubes) to the problem airway (obstruction by infection, tumour or a foreign body, ENT and maxillo-facial surgery, aspiration, obstetrics, trauma, cervical spine disease, intensive care, the 'lost' airway, extubation and recovery), the paediatric airway, disinfection and cleaning of equipment and finally morbidity, mortality and medico-legal issues. 'Real' clinical scenarios, with patient management questions and model answers, are included throughout the book to bring to life some of the key problems encountered in day-to-day practice.
Author: Byung-Boong Lee
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319524232
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 939
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Book Description
The second edition of this book serves as a central source of theoretical and practical knowledge to optimize the evaluation and treatment of patients with lymphedema. The book covers all aspects of the disease from anatomical and histological features to diagnosis as well as physical/medical and surgical management of the disease. Updated from the first edition to reflect the substantial progress in diagnostics, medical care and surgical intervention for this patient population, this volume has been reorganized to meet today’s practice requirements. It addresses the challenges faced by clinicians in the management of chronic lymphedema enabling them to meet the medical needs of this large patient community. Edited by world leaders in Vascular Medicine and Surgery, this comprehensive volume provides clear, concise background and recommendations in an easy-to-use format. It is a valuable reference tool for clinical practitioners (physicians/nurse practitioners/technicians) who wish to deliver state-of-the-art health care to their patients with lymphatic and venous disorders.
Author: Adam B. Glick
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 144197203X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 471
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Book Description
Squamous epithelia form the lining surface of tissues in contact with the environment: the skin, oral mucosa, esophagus and respiratory tract, the genital tract, and several other specialized tissues. These tissues are at highest risk for exposure to environmental carcinogens such as UV, tobacco smoke and infectious agents. Cancers that form in squamous epithelia are among the most common human solid tumors and have high morbidity and mortality. These cancers include squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, oral cancer, head and neck and esophageal cancer, certain lung cancers and cervical cancer. We propose to organize the book so that the early chapters will focus on individual pathways and more specific mechanisms in both normal function and cancer, while the later chapters will be more integrative and include overviews of biomarkers and therapeutic development. This should increase interest for clinically oriented researchers. All authors will be encouraged to provide a balanced review in addition to highlighting their own work.
Author: Paul Brians
Publisher: Franklin, Beedle & Associates, Inc.
ISBN: 1887902899
Category : English language
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
Online version of Common Errors in English Usage written by Paul Brians.
