Dynamics of Plankton and Larval Fish Populations on Georges Bank, the North Atlantic U.S. GLOBEC Study Site PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 412
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Book Description
Author: Peter H. Wiebe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plankton
Languages : en
Pages : 716
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Book Description
Author: Craig Van de Water Lewis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biology
Languages : en
Pages : 594
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Book Description
Advective losses of bank water during winter because of strong wind forcing were hypothesized to be a significant factor limiting recruitment of Georges Bank cormnunities. This hypothesis was examined using biological-physical models of bank circulation with wind, tidal, and density driven circulation resembling winter conditions. Mode ls of stratification-driven flow over an idealized bank addressed effects of storms on the spring plankton bloom. An NPZ model and a copepod stage structure model were mode led as passive tracers. Results indicate that strong storms (13 m/s wind for 20 days) can cause marked replacement of bank water and loss of zooplankton and phytoplankton. These alterations in bank trophic structure may impair energy transfer from primary to secondary production and reduce recruitment of higher trophic levels. Georges Bank Arctica islandica abundance data indicates that adults appear primarily below 50 meters, with highest abundances on the South Flank. Age and size structures suggest that a large cohort, detected on the southeast flank in 1992 and 94 surveys, was spawned in 1986; no other comparable recruitment was seen. Larval transport was modeled using tidal forcing and winter wind data from 1974, 1978, and 1991. This work revealed that modeled transport driven by vector-averaged and realistic winds from the same periods differed. Circulation using realistic winds was highly variable; Ekman transport frequently overwhelmed tidal rectification and reversed the residual flow for several days. Transport and matrix mode ls of Arctica populations were compared with field data; correlation of models with NMFS Survey data was best for realistic wind simulations from 1974 and 1991. Projection matrix eigenvalues were most sensitive to changes in adult and larval survival and planktonic duration. Lower wind models identified the NE Peak region as having the highest reproductive value and sensitivity. This work indicates that winter wind forcing is a factor determining transport of plankton. Models suggest that interannual differences in Georges Bank transport depend partially on temporal wind variability. They indicate that the Northeast Peak may be a source region for larvae and that Arctica research should focus on adult survival and planktonic mortality and duration.
Author: Brian J. Rothschild
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
Author: Nils Chr. Stenseth
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 019152316X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This research level text focuses on the influence of climate variability on the marine ecosystems of the North Atlantic. The ecological impact of climate variability on population dynamics is addressed at the full range of trophic levels, from phytoplankton through zooplankton and fish to marine birds. Climate effects on biodiversity and community structure are also examined. 40 scientists from around the world synthesise what is currently known about how climate affects the ecological systems of the North Atlantic and then place these insights within a broader ecological perspective. Many of the general features of the North Atlantic region are also seen in other marine ecosystems as well as terrestrial and freshwater systems. The final section of the book makes these generalities more explicit, so as to stimulate communication and promote co-operation amongst researchers who may previously have worked in semi-isolation. The book comprises 5 main sections: background (general introduction, atmospheric and ocean climate of the North Atlantic, and modelling methodology), plankton populations (phytoplankton and zooplankton), fish and seabird populations, community ecology (phytoplankton, benthos and fish), and the final section consisting of six commentaries from scientists working in areas outside the North Atlantic marine sector. In order to enhance integration, a series of introductions link chapters and sections. Throughout the book, numerous examples highlight different aspects of ecology-climate interactions. They document recent progress and illustrate the challenges of trying to understand ecological processes and patterns in the light of climate variations.
Author: Woods hole oceanographic institution ma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
Losses of bank water because of strong winter wind forcing were hypothesized to he a factor limiting recruitment of Georges Bank communities. These alterations in bank trophic structure may reduce recruitment of higher trophic levels. NPZ and copepod stage structure models embedded in stratified flow over an idealized bank indicate that strong storms (13 m/s wind for 20 days) can cause replacement of bank water and loss of plankton. Arctica islandica on Georges Bank appear primarily below 50 meters and are densest on the South Flank. Observed age and size structures suggest only one cohort, spawned in 1986, was detected in 1982-94 surveys of the bank. Larval transport was modeled using tide and realistic winds from three winters. Variability in Ekman transport frequently overwhelmed tidal rectification and residual flow. Population model predictions were compared with NMFS survey observations; correlation of models with data was best for simulations from 1974 and 1991. Projection matrix eigenvalues were most sensitive to changes in adult and larval survival, planktonic duration and changes affecting the Northeast Peak. This work indicates (1) that winter wind variability alters plankton transport and (2) that interannual differences in recruitment and plankton dynamics may depend on that variability.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 1038
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
Author: Allan R. Robinson
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674015265
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1080
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Book Description
In multidisciplinary efforts to understand and manage our planet, contemporary ocean science plays an essential role. Volumes 13 and 14 of The Sea focus on two of the most important components in the field of ocean science today--the coastal ocean and its interactions with the deep sea, and coupled physical-biogeochemical and ecosystem dynamics.
