Analyse et caractérisation du comportement hygrothermique de parois agro-sourcées à l'échelle 1 PDF Download
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Author: Mourad Rahim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Cette thèse a pour objectif de valoriser par une caractérisation multi-échelle, les bétons à base de chanvre, de lin et de colza, dont les cultures sont plutôt bien développées au niveau régional et national. De par leur composition, ces matériaux, à base de granulats végétaux associés à une matrice minérale, possèdent une forte sensibilité à l'humidité tout en conservant des performances thermiques intéressantes.Leurs propriétés sont en effet fortement liées à une porosité importante, qui leur confère une grande capacité à adsorber et restituer la vapeur d'eau contenue dans l'ambiance environnante ; cette spécificité vient s'interconnecter avec les échanges de chaleur d'une paroi ou d'un bâtiment. Il est donc indispensable de faire une analyse couplée des phénomènes de transferts thermiques et hygriques, non seulement pour déterminer les besoins en chauffage ou renouvellement d'air d'un local, mais aussi pour appréhender le confort des occupants et la durabilité de la construction.En s'appuyant sur de nombreux essais expérimentaux, les principales caractéristiques des matériaux mis en œuvre sont tout d'abord précisées. Est ensuite analysé plus particulièrement le comportement d'une paroi à l'échelle réelle, placée dans des conditions stationnaires ou variables d'humidité et/ou de température. Les propriétés des matériaux implémentées dans un modèle de simulation numérique (SPARK) permettent par ailleurs, et après validation expérimentale, une approche prédictive du comportement hygrothermique d'une paroi ou de l'enveloppe d'un bâtiment. A travers un modèle simplifié pour un local monozone, l'influence de l'inertie hygrique des matériaux sur le taux d'humidité relative de l'ambiance intérieure est mise en évidence.
Author: Mourad Rahim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Cette thèse a pour objectif de valoriser par une caractérisation multi-échelle, les bétons à base de chanvre, de lin et de colza, dont les cultures sont plutôt bien développées au niveau régional et national. De par leur composition, ces matériaux, à base de granulats végétaux associés à une matrice minérale, possèdent une forte sensibilité à l'humidité tout en conservant des performances thermiques intéressantes.Leurs propriétés sont en effet fortement liées à une porosité importante, qui leur confère une grande capacité à adsorber et restituer la vapeur d'eau contenue dans l'ambiance environnante ; cette spécificité vient s'interconnecter avec les échanges de chaleur d'une paroi ou d'un bâtiment. Il est donc indispensable de faire une analyse couplée des phénomènes de transferts thermiques et hygriques, non seulement pour déterminer les besoins en chauffage ou renouvellement d'air d'un local, mais aussi pour appréhender le confort des occupants et la durabilité de la construction.En s'appuyant sur de nombreux essais expérimentaux, les principales caractéristiques des matériaux mis en œuvre sont tout d'abord précisées. Est ensuite analysé plus particulièrement le comportement d'une paroi à l'échelle réelle, placée dans des conditions stationnaires ou variables d'humidité et/ou de température. Les propriétés des matériaux implémentées dans un modèle de simulation numérique (SPARK) permettent par ailleurs, et après validation expérimentale, une approche prédictive du comportement hygrothermique d'une paroi ou de l'enveloppe d'un bâtiment. A travers un modèle simplifié pour un local monozone, l'influence de l'inertie hygrique des matériaux sur le taux d'humidité relative de l'ambiance intérieure est mise en évidence.
Author: Sofiane Amziane
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111857706X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Using plant material as raw materials for construction is a relatively recent and original topic of research. This book presents an overview of the current knowledge on the material properties and environmental impact of construction materials made from plant particles, which are renewable, recyclable and easily available. It focuses on particles and as well on fibers issued from hemp plant, as well as discussing hemp concretes. The book begins by setting the environmental, economic and social context of agro-concretes, before discussing the nature of plant-based aggregates and binders. The formulation, implementation and mechanical behavior of such building materials are the subject of the following chapters. The focus is then put upon the hygrothermal behavior and acoustical properties of hempcrete, followed by the use of plant-based concretes in structures. The book concludes with the study of life-cycle analysis (LCA) of the environmental characteristics of a banked hempcrete wall on a wooden skeleton. Contents 1. Environmental, Economic and Social Context of Agro-Concretes, Vincent Nozahic and Sofiane Amziane. 2. Characterization of Plant-Based Aggregates. Vincent Picandet. 3. Binders, Gilles Escadeillas, Camille Magniont, Sofiane Amziane and Vincent Nozahic. 4. Formulation and Implementation, Christophe Lanos, Florence Collet, Gérard Lenain and Yves Hustache. 5. Mechanical Behavior, Laurent Arnaud, Sofiane Amziane, Vincent Nozahic and Etienne Gourlay. 6. Hygrothermal Behavior of Hempcrete, Laurent Arnaud, Driss Samri and Étienne Gourlay. 7. Acoustical Properties of Hemp Concretes, Philippe Glé, Emmanuel Gourdon and Laurent Arnaud. 8. Plant-Based Concretes in Structures: Structural Aspect – Addition of a Wooden Support to Absorb the Strain, Philippe Munoz and Didier Pipet. 9. Examination of the Environmental Characteristics of a Banked Hempcrete Wall on a Wooden Skeleton, by Lifecycle Analysis: Feedback on the LCA Experiment from 2005, Marie-Pierre Boutin and Cyril Flamin. About the Authors Sofiane Amziane is Professor and head of the Civil Engineering department at POLYTECH Clermont-Ferrand in France. He is also in charge of the research program dealing with bio-based building materials at Blaise Pascal University (Institut Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, France). He is the secretary of the RILEM Technical Committee 236-BBM dealing with bio-based building materials and the author or co-author of over one hundred papers in scientific journals such as Cement and Concrete Research, Composite Structures or Construction Building Materials as well as international conferences. Laurent Arnaud is a Bridges, Waters and Forestry Engineer (Ingénieur des Ponts, Eaux et Forêts) and researcher at Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble, France. He is also Professor at ENTPE (Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l’Etat). Trained in the field of mechanical engineering, his research has been directed toward the characterization and development of new materials for civil engineering and construction. He is head of the international committee at RILEM – BBM, as well as the author of more than one hundred publications, and holder of an international invention patent.
Author: Leslie Rainer
Publisher: Getty Publications
ISBN: 1606060430
Category : Architecture
Languages : fr
Pages : 438
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Book Description
Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Author: Sofiane Amziane
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9402410317
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
The work of the RILEM Technical Committee (TC -236 BBM) was dedicated to the study of construction materials made from plant particles. It considered the question whether building materials containing as main raw material recyclable and easily available plant particles are renewable. This book includes a state-of-the-art report and an appendix. The state-of-the-art report relates to the description of vegetal aggregates. Then, hygrothermal properties, fire resistance, durability and finally the impact of the variability of the method of production of bio-based concrete are assessed. The appendix is a TC report which presents the experience of a working group. The goal was to define testing methods for the measurement of water absorption, bulk density, particle size distribution, and thermal conductivity of bio aggregates. The work is based on a first round robin test of the TC-BBM where the protocols in use by the different laboratories (labs) are compared. p>
Author: Sofiane Amziane
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN: 3035736995
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 902
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Book Description
Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials (ICBBM 2021) Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials (ICBBM 2021), June 16-18, 2021, Barcelona, Spain
Author: Matheos Santamouris
Publisher: Presses des MINES
ISBN: 2911762541
Category : Architecture and climate
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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Book Description
Author: Michele Zinzi
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038976369
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
The combination of global warming and urban sprawl is the origin of the most hazardous climate change effect detected at urban level: Urban Heat Island, representing the urban overheating respect to the countryside surrounding the city. This book includes 18 papers representing the state of the art of detection, assessment mitigation and adaption to urban overheating. Advanced methods, strategies and technologies are here analyzed including relevant issues as: the role of urban materials and fabrics on urban climate and their potential mitigation, the impact of greenery and vegetation to reduce urban temperatures and improve the thermal comfort, the role the urban geometry in the air temperature rise, the use of satellite and ground data to assess and quantify the urban overheating and develop mitigation solutions, calculation methods and application to predict and assess mitigation scenarios. The outcomes of the book are thus relevant for a wide multidisciplinary audience, including: environmental scientists and engineers, architect and urban planners, policy makers and students.
Author: Patricia Hester
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128011513
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 648
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Book Description
Egg Innovations and Strategies for Improvements examines the production of eggs from their development to human consumption. Chapters also address consumer acceptance, quality control, regulatory aspects, cost and risk analyses, and research trends. Eggs are a rich source of macro- and micronutrients which are consumed not only by themselves, but also within the matrix of food products, such as pastas, cakes, and pastries. A wholesome, versatile food with a balanced array of essential nutrients, eggs are a stable of the human diet. Emerging strategies entail improvements to the composition of eggs via fortification or biological enrichment of hen's feed with polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins, or minerals. Conversely, eggs can be a source of food-borne disease or pollutants that can have effects on not only human health, but also egg production and commercial viability. Written by an international team of experts, the book presents a unique overview of the biology and science of egg production, nutrient profiling, disease, and modes for increasing their production and quality. Designed for poultry and food scientists, technologists, microbiologists, and workers in public health and the food and egg industries, the book is valuable as an industrial reference and as a resource in academic libraries. - Focuses on the production and food science aspects of eggs - Includes a broad range of microbial contaminants, their risks, and prevention, as well as non-microbial contaminant risks - Presents analytical techniques for practical application
Author: Brian Meacham
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461481422
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 87
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Book Description
Environmental concerns and advances in architectural technologies have lead to a greater number of green buildings or buildings with green, eco-friendly elements. However, from a practical standpoint, there is no incident reporting system in the world that tracks data on fire incidents in green buildings. Fire safety objectives are not explicitly considered in most green rating schemes, and green design features have been associated with photovoltaic panels and roof materials, lightweight timber frame buildings, and combustible insulation materials. Fire Safety Challenges of Green Buildings is the result of an extensive global literature review that sought to identify issues related to green building elements or features and ways to ensure those issues are tracked for future improvement. The book identifies actual incidents of fires in green buildings or involving green building elements, points out issues with green building elements that would increase fire risk, clarifies reports and studies that address ways to reduce fire risk in green design elements, and compares research studies that explicitly incorporate fire safety into green building design. The authors also pinpoint gaps and specific research needs associated with understanding and addressing fire risk and hazards with green building design. Using their data, the authors developed a set of matrices relating these green attributes and potential fire hazards. With these comprehensive tools, potential mitigation strategies for addressing the relative increase in fire risk or hazard associated with the green building elements and features have been identified. Fire Safety Challenges of Green Buildings is intended for practitioners as a tool for analyzing building safety issues in green architecture and developing methods for tracking data related to green design elements and their potential hazards. Researchers working in a related field will also find the book valuable.
Author: R. Geers
Publisher: Wageningen Academic Pub
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
The objective of this book is to provide a scientific-based, multidisciplinary perspective to the dialogue between society and the stakeholders within livestock production. Concerns and problems related to food safety, animal welfare and rural environment are discussed within a holistic approach. This unique approach has an added-value compared to other books which cover these topics from a specialist point of view. The different issues are developed by well-known experts in their field of work. They are dealing with the latest developments in livestock production in relation to social concerns (such as, regulations, risk communication, reduction of environmental impact, sustainability and economic and social impacts of alternative strategies) and production systems (including transport and slaughter, feeding strategies, waste management and future monitoring technology).Readers from various disciplines will find these ideas useful and complimentary to their own expertise, and may apply them to decision making, vocational training and other educational applications.
