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Author: Monica Das
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814415928
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
It is not necessarily true that such income transfers would invariably reduce growth rates. The relationship between economic growth and income inequality depends on certain initial conditions. For instance, if the initial distribution of income is fairly unequal, growth induces greater equality. On the other hand, at high levels of per capita incomes, growth may raise inequality if the initial level of inequality is not very high. This brings a new dimension in the "inverted-U hypothesis." Based on econometric modeling of growth-inequality nexus, the book examines the patterns of growth and economic disparities in BRIC countries over long periods of time, including the recent high growth phase. Two inequality measures applied in this study are Gini coefficient and Theil's entropy measures, depending on data availability. Attempts have been made to identify the sources of inequality and the role of initial conditions in determining the patterns of development.
Author: Monica Das
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814415928
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
It is not necessarily true that such income transfers would invariably reduce growth rates. The relationship between economic growth and income inequality depends on certain initial conditions. For instance, if the initial distribution of income is fairly unequal, growth induces greater equality. On the other hand, at high levels of per capita incomes, growth may raise inequality if the initial level of inequality is not very high. This brings a new dimension in the "inverted-U hypothesis." Based on econometric modeling of growth-inequality nexus, the book examines the patterns of growth and economic disparities in BRIC countries over long periods of time, including the recent high growth phase. Two inequality measures applied in this study are Gini coefficient and Theil's entropy measures, depending on data availability. Attempts have been made to identify the sources of inequality and the role of initial conditions in determining the patterns of development.
Author: Amanda Palmer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781975759087
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
The recent interest in the development processes of BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) has been triggered by their high growth performance. But their political and social background is entirely different. We have traced the economic history of BRIC countries to understand their economic and social institutions. The only common theme in this growth story is the high levels of income disparities and poverty that is observed even during the high growth decades. In order to understand the interaction between economic growth, income inequality and poverty, we have developed a theoretical framework that incorporates a mechanism of uniform income transfers in a growth model, where economic growth is the result of accumulation.
Author: Luciano Lones
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781974387847
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
The recent interest in the development processes of BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) has been triggered by their high growth performance. But their political and social background is entirely different. We have traced the economic history of BRIC countries to understand their economic and social institutions. The only common theme in this growth story is the high levels of income disparities and poverty that is observed even during the high growth decades. In order to understand the interaction between economic growth, income inequality and poverty, we have developed a theoretical framework that incorporates a mechanism of uniform income transfers in a growth model, where economic growth is the result of accumulation. Income transfer mechanism operates in all countries in the form of a progressive taxation system, pension funds, government's anti poverty programs, employment guarantee schemes, land reforms, etc.It is not necessarily true that such income transfers would invariably reduce growth rates.
Author: Maria Clara Couto Soares
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1317560175
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
This series of books brings together results of an extensive research programme on aspects of the national systems of innovation (NSI) in the five BRICS countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It provides a comprehensive and comparative examination of the challenges and opportunities faced by these dynamic and emerging economies. In discussing the impact of innovation with respect to economic, geopolitical, socio-cultural, institutional, and technological systems, it reveals the possibilities of new development paradigms for equitable and sustainable growth. This volume analyses the co-evolution of inequality and NSI across the BRICS economies. It reveals the multi-dimensional character of inequality, in going beyond its income aspect to include assets, access to basic services, infrastructure, knowledge, race, gender, ethnicity and geographic location. In advancing valuable policy recommendations, the book argues that inequalities must be factored in development strategies given that benefits of innovation are not automatically distributed equally. Original and detailed data, together with expert analyses on wide-ranging issues, make this book an invaluable resource for researchers and scholars in economics, development studies and political science, in addition to policy-makers and development practitioners interested in the BRICS countries.
Author: Ms. Valerie Cerra
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513572660
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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Book Description
Is there a tradeoff between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on growth is likewise ambiguous, as several channels mediate the relationship. But most plausible mechanisms suggest that poverty and inequality reduce growth, at least in the long run. Policies play a role in shaping these relationships and those designed to improve equality of opportunity can simultaneously improve inclusiveness and growth.
Author: Monica Das
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814415936
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
The recent interest in the development processes of BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) has been triggered by their high growth performance, but their political and social backgrounds are entirely different. This book traces the economic history of BRIC countries to understand their economic and social institutions. The only common theme in this growth story is the high levels of income disparities and poverty that are observed even during the high growth decades. In order to understand the interaction between economic growth, income inequality and poverty, the book develops a theoretical framework that incorporates a mechanism of uniform income transfers in a growth model, where economic growth is the result of accumulation. Income transfer mechanism operates in all countries in the form of a progressive taxation system, pension funds, government's anti-poverty programs, employment guarantee schemes, land reforms, etc. It is not necessarily true that such income transfers would invariably reduce growth rates. The relationship between economic growth and income inequality depends on certain initial conditions. For instance, if the initial distribution of income is fairly unequal, growth induces greater equality. On the other hand, at high levels of per capita incomes, growth may raise inequality if the initial level of inequality is not very high. This brings a new dimension in the “inverted-U hypothesis.” Based on econometric modeling of growth-inequality nexus, the book examines the patterns of growth and economic disparities in BRIC countries over long periods of time, including the recent high growth phase. Two inequality measures applied in this study are Gini Coefficient and Theil's entropy measures, depending on data availability. Attempts have been made to identify the sources of inequality and the role of initial conditions in determining the patterns of development. Each country's experience is unique, but the theoretical model goes a long way to explain their growth-inequality experience.
Author: Cesar Gallo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Author: Giuseppe Arbia
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031248511
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
This book focuses on economic inequality, its measurement, and its relationship with economic growth and development. The current literature uses multiple points of view, ranging from ethical, legal, philosophical, to political and economic, to understand the nature of (in)equality. Presenting the problem objectively, this book shows how to measure the phenomenon statistically along with an international comparison of the level of income inequality and economic growth and of their complex relationship. The book also analyzes three decades of theoretical and empirical evidence to understand this phenomenon and discusses a number of political measures to reduce economic disparities while stimulating economic growth.
Author: Francesco Grigoli
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475569041
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 33
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Book Description
The combination of stagnant growth and high levels of income inequality renewed the debate about whether a more even distribution of income can spur economic activity. This paper tests for cross-country convergence in income inequality and estimates its impact on economic growth with a heterogeneous panel structural vector autoregression model, which addresses some empirical challenges plaguing the literature. We find that income inequality is converging across countries, and that its impact on economic growth is heterogeneous. In particular, while the median response of real per capita GDP growth to shocks in income inequality is negative and significant, the dispersion around the estimates is large, with at least one fourth of the countries in the sample presenting a positive effect. The results suggest that the negative effect is mainly driven by the Middle East and Central Asia and the Western Hemisphere across regions, and emerging markets across income levels. Finally, we find evidence that improved institutional frameworks can reduce the negative effect of income inequality on growth.
Author: Theo S. Eicher
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262050692
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 343
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Book Description
Essays exploring the relationship between economic growth and inequality and the implications for policy makers.
