Assessing and Controlling Bacterial Regrowth in Distribution Systems PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 0898674905
Category : Disinfection and disinfectants
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 0898674905
Category : Disinfection and disinfectants
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author: Gil F. Crozes
Publisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 1583210253
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
Author: Betty H. Olson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bacterial growth
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
Author: Betty H. Olsen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Soumya Srinivasan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 206
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133955
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
Author: Jonathan Clement
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1843398583
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
This study has shown that higher levels of carbon supported greater biofilm growth and planktonic populations on the materials that were tested, although the effect was most pronounced on iron pipe. Utilities with significant amounts of iron pipe in their distribution systems may be faced with the greatest regrowth potential. For utilities that also distribute water that is high in natural carbon, this problem may be compounded. Therefore, reducing the organic carbon in the finished water may be effective for any utility wishing to reduce regrowth problems in their distribution system. Other alternatives for utilities wishing to reduce biofilms in the distribution system can include any or all of the following: replacing or relining iron pipe in the system, increasing disinfectant, and implementing effective corrosion control. Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2003
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030949382X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309064325
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
With an increasing population, use of new and diverse chemicals that can enter the water supply, and emergence of new microbial pathogens, the U.S. federal government is faced with a regulatory dilemma: Where should it focus its attention and limited resources to ensure safe drinking water supplies for the future? Identifying Future Drinking Water Contaminants is based on a 1998 workshop on emerging drinking water contaminants. It includes a dozen papers that were presented on new and emerging microbiological and chemical drinking water contaminants, associated analytical and water treatment methods for their detection and removal, and existing and proposed environmental databases to assist in their proactive identification and regulation. The papers are preceded by a conceptual approach and related recommendations to EPA for the periodic creation of future Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate Lists (CCLsâ€"produced every five yearsâ€"include currently unregulated chemical and microbiological substances that are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems and that may pose health risks).
Author: R. Narasimhan
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 9781843399452
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Historically, reclaimed water systems met water quality and public health related standards at the end of the treatment facility prior to entering the distribution system. However, water quality within the reclaimed water distribution system can significantly change and affect end uses due to changes in levels of color, odor, and biofilm growth. Operations staff need guidance to help them optimize the reclaimed water quality in the distribution system throughout the year. The objectives of this project were to: characterize the nature and extent of water quality deterioration in reclaimed water distribution systems, including microbial fouling, regrowth, impact to the end user, and impact on reuse and other related regulations; identify pertinent water quality issues in relationship to degradation as it is conveyed to reuse customers; develop general guidance for use by reclaimed water utilities in identifying and assessing problems; and provide options for controlling regrowth including regulating detention time, flushing, and optimization of disinfectants. The final report includes a summary of state reclaimed water regulations and federal guidelines, and other related regulations. The research team put together a final report that provides general guidance for use by reclaimed water utilities in assessing and solving potential problems. Guidance for operation, monitoring, and maintenance of reclaimed water systems to improve quality for end users. Biofilm control methods such as pipeline flushing, shock chlorination, and intermittent use of chloramine disinfectant are discussed. The research also addresses methods for identifying microbially induced corrosion issues and methods to optimize operations through the use of monitoring and modeling activities. Disinfectant residual criteria for reclaimed water systems are presented to assist system operators.
