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Author: Source Wikipedia
Publisher: University-Press.org
ISBN: 9781230837574
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 23. Chapters: Battles involving Mamluk Egypt, Ninth Crusade, Seventh Crusade, Mongol invasions of Syria, Battle of Diu, Battle of Ain Jalut, Portuguese-Mamluk naval war, Ottoman-Mamluk War, Battle of Elbistan, Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar, Battle of Chaul, Battle of Marj al-Saffar, Capture of Cairo, Second Battle of Homs, First Battle of Homs, Battle of Ridaniya. Excerpt: Starting in the 1240s, the Mongols made repeated invasions of Syria or attempts thereof. Most failed, but they did have some success in 1260 and 1300, capturing Aleppo and Damascus and destroying the Ayyubid dynasty. The Mongols were forced to retreat within months each time by other forces in the area, primarily the Egyptian Mamluks. Since 1260, it had been described as the Mamluk-Ilkhanid War. During the governorship of Bachu in Persia, the Mongolian army under Yisaur attacked Syria in 1244. The reasons for it unclear, but it may be in retaliation for Syrian participation on the Seljuk side in the battle of Kose Dag. In the autumn 1244, Yisaur concentrates the Mongol forces in the upper Tigris valley where they subjugated the Kurdish province of Akhlat. Moving across, the Mongolian army encountered no resistance and ravaged the area en route. The fortified cities were untaken in his advance because Yisaur was not prepared for siege assault. Passing through the territory of the city of Urfa, he crossed the Euphrates. He marched directly to Aleppo but went as far as Hailan before the climate impaired his army's movements. Yisaur sent envoys to Aleppo to demand submission of tribute, which Malik agreed to pay. The same demand were sent to Bohemund of Antioch who chose not to fight them instead of defiance. Yisaur withdrew his force back up the Euphrates valley and received the submission of Malatia. In Egypt, Sultan Saleeh decided to acquiess in the results...
Author: Source Wikipedia
Publisher: University-Press.org
ISBN: 9781230837574
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Get Book Here
Book Description
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 23. Chapters: Battles involving Mamluk Egypt, Ninth Crusade, Seventh Crusade, Mongol invasions of Syria, Battle of Diu, Battle of Ain Jalut, Portuguese-Mamluk naval war, Ottoman-Mamluk War, Battle of Elbistan, Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar, Battle of Chaul, Battle of Marj al-Saffar, Capture of Cairo, Second Battle of Homs, First Battle of Homs, Battle of Ridaniya. Excerpt: Starting in the 1240s, the Mongols made repeated invasions of Syria or attempts thereof. Most failed, but they did have some success in 1260 and 1300, capturing Aleppo and Damascus and destroying the Ayyubid dynasty. The Mongols were forced to retreat within months each time by other forces in the area, primarily the Egyptian Mamluks. Since 1260, it had been described as the Mamluk-Ilkhanid War. During the governorship of Bachu in Persia, the Mongolian army under Yisaur attacked Syria in 1244. The reasons for it unclear, but it may be in retaliation for Syrian participation on the Seljuk side in the battle of Kose Dag. In the autumn 1244, Yisaur concentrates the Mongol forces in the upper Tigris valley where they subjugated the Kurdish province of Akhlat. Moving across, the Mongolian army encountered no resistance and ravaged the area en route. The fortified cities were untaken in his advance because Yisaur was not prepared for siege assault. Passing through the territory of the city of Urfa, he crossed the Euphrates. He marched directly to Aleppo but went as far as Hailan before the climate impaired his army's movements. Yisaur sent envoys to Aleppo to demand submission of tribute, which Malik agreed to pay. The same demand were sent to Bohemund of Antioch who chose not to fight them instead of defiance. Yisaur withdrew his force back up the Euphrates valley and received the submission of Malatia. In Egypt, Sultan Saleeh decided to acquiess in the results...
Author: Source Wikipedia
Publisher: Booksllc.Net
ISBN: 9781230656717
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 22. Chapters: Battle of Ain Jalut, Battle of Chaul, Battle of Diu (1509), Battle of Elbistan, Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1303), Battle of Ridaniya, Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar, Capture of Cairo, First Battle of Homs, Mongol invasions of Syria, Ottoman-Mamluk War (1485-1491), Ottoman-Mamluk War (1516-1517), Portuguese-Mamluk naval war, Second Battle of Homs. Excerpt: Starting in the 1240s, the Mongols made repeated invasions of Syria or attempts thereof. Most failed, but they did have some success in 1260 and 1300, capturing Aleppo and Damascus and destroying the Ayyubid dynasty. The Mongols were forced to retreat within months each time by other forces in the area, primarily the Egyptian Mamluks. Since 1260, it had been described as the Mamluk-Ilkhanid War. During the governorship of Bachu in Persia, the Mongolian army under Yisaur attacked Syria in 1244. The reasons for it unclear, but it may be in retaliation for the Syrian participation on the Seljuk side in the battle of Kose Dag. In the autumn 1244, Yisaur concentrates the Mongol forces in the upper Tigris valley where they subjugated the Kurdish province of Akhlat. Moving across, the Mongolian army encountered no resistance and ravaged the area en route. The fortified cities were untaken in his advance because Yisaur was not prepared for siege assault. Passing through the territory of the city of Urfa, he crossed the Euphrates. He marched directly to Aleppo but went as far as Hailan before the climate impaired his army's movements. Yisaur sent envoys to Aleppo to demand submission of tribute, which Malik agreed to pay. The same demand were sent to Bohemond of Antioch who chose not to fight them instead of defiance. Yisaur withdrew his force back up the Euphrates valley and received the submission of Malatia. In Egypt, Sultan Saleeh decided to acquiess in the...
Author: Source Wikipedia
Publisher: University-Press.org
ISBN: 9781230510866
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 48. Chapters: Bahri dynasty, Bahri sultans, Battles involving the Mamluks, Burji sultans, Al-Ashraf Khalil, Shajar al-Durr, Al-Nasir Muhammad, Qutuz, Baibars, Al-Adil Kitbugha, Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri, Aybak, Tuman bay II, Qaitbay, Al-Musta'in, Madrasa of Sarghatmish, Mameluke sword, Battle of the Pyramids, Al Mansur Qalawun, Mamluk Sultanate, Burji dynasty, Barquq, Battle of Chobrakit, Baibars II, Al-Said Barakah, Ibrahim Bey, Solamish, Tughral Tughan Khan, Barsbay, Al-Ashraf Sha'ban, Al-Mansur Ali, Al-Salih Hajji, Ibn Rassam, Tomb of Salar and Sangar-al-Gawli, Saif ad-Din Abu-Bakr, Lajin, Kujuk, Shihab ad-Din Ahmad, Sulaiman Abu Layla Pasha. Excerpt: A Mamluk (Turkish: Memluk; Arabic: (singular), mam l k (plural), "owned"; also transliterated mamlouk, mamluq, mamluke, mameluk, mameluke, mamaluke or marmeluke) was a soldier of slave origin. The "mamluk phenomenon," as David Ayalon dubbed the creation of the specific warrior class, was of great political importance and was extraordinarily long-lived, lasting from the 9th to the 19th century AD. Over time, mamluks became a powerful military caste in various Muslim societies. Particularly in Egypt, but also in the Levant, Iraq, and India, mamluks held political and military power. In some cases, they attained the rank of sultan, while in others they held regional power as amirs or beys. Most notably, mamluk factions seized the sultanate for themselves in Egypt and Syria in a period known as the Mamluk Sultanate (1250-1517). The Mamluk Sultanate famously beat back the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut and fought the Crusaders effectively driving them out from the Levant by 1291 and officially in 1302 ending the era of the Crusades. They were of varied ancestry but were often Kipchak Turks/Cumans, depending on the period and region in question. While mamluks were purchased, ...
Author: Reuven Amitai-Preiss
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521522908
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
For sixty years, from 1260 to 1323, the Mamluk state in Egypt and Syria was at war with the Ilkhanid Mongols based in Persia. This is the first comprehensive study of the political and military aspects of the early years of the war, from the battle of 'Ayn Jalut in 1260 to the battle of Homs in 1281. In between these campaigns, the Mamluk-Ilkhanid struggle was continued in the manner of a 'cold war' with both sides involved in border skirmishes, diplomatic manoeuvres, and espionage. Here, as in the major battles, the Mamluks usually maintained the upper hand, establishing themselves as the foremost Muslim power at the time. By drawing on previously untapped Persian and Arabic sources, the author sheds new light on the confrontation, examining the war within the context of Mongol/Mamluk relations with the Byzantine Empire, the Latin West and the Crusading states.
Author: Frédéric Bauden
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004384634
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 909
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Book Description
Mamluk Cairo, a Crossroads for Embassies gathers twenty-eight essays that offer the most up-to-date insight into the diplomacy and diplomatics of the Mamluk sultanate with Muslim and non-Muslim powers.
Author: Reuven Amitai-Preiss
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521522908
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
For sixty years, from 1260 to 1323, the Mamluk state in Egypt and Syria was at war with the Ilkhanid Mongols based in Persia. This is the first comprehensive study of the political and military aspects of the early years of the war, from the battle of 'Ayn Jalut in 1260 to the battle of Homs in 1281. In between these campaigns, the Mamluk-Ilkhanid struggle was continued in the manner of a 'cold war' with both sides involved in border skirmishes, diplomatic manoeuvres, and espionage. Here, as in the major battles, the Mamluks usually maintained the upper hand, establishing themselves as the foremost Muslim power at the time. By drawing on previously untapped Persian and Arabic sources, the author sheds new light on the confrontation, examining the war within the context of Mongol/Mamluk relations with the Byzantine Empire, the Latin West and the Crusading states.
Author: Reuven Amitai-Preiss
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521462266
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
For some sixty years, commencing in 1260, the Mamluk state in Egypt and Syria was at war with the Ilkhanid Mongols based in Persia. This is the first comprehensive study of the political and military aspects of the early years of the war, the twenty-one-year period commencing with the battle of Ayn Jalut in Palestine in 1260 and ending in 1281 at the battle of Homs in northern Syria. Between these major confrontations, which resulted from Mongol invasions into Syria, the Mamluk-Ilkhanid struggle was continued in the manner of a 'cold war' with both sides involved in border skirmishes, diplomatic maneuvers, psychological warfare, ideological posturing, espionage and other forms of subterfuge. Here, as in the decisive battles, the Mamluks usually maintained the upper hand, establishing themselves as the major Muslim power at the time. Using primarily contemporary Arabic and Persian sources, Reuven Amitai-Preiss sheds new light on the confrontation, examining the war within the context of Ilkhanid/Mamluk relations with the Byzantine Empire, the Latin West and the crusading states, as well as with other Mongol states.
Author: Mona L. Russell Ph.D.
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 696
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Book Description
This handbook provides an overview of the society, culture, geography, history, and politics of contemporary Egypt. While such historic monuments as the pyramids at Giza, the Karnak Temple, and the Valley of the Kings draw visitors to Egypt each year, the country is today a large and varied collection of some 79 million people. An important political and cultural force in the Middle East and home to one of Africa's most advanced economies, Egypt is rapidly becoming a major player in the 21st-century world. This comprehensive text examines all facets of life in Egypt, including its land, history, politics, and culture. It is written in a manner that makes the subject accessible and engaging for readers with little prior knowledge about the country, but also provides a critical analysis of the latest research for students and scholars familiar with Egypt and its people. Special attention is given to the historical period following the rise of Islam to enable a greater understanding of Egypt's contemporary government, religious practices, popular culture, and current events.
Author: Richard J. Reid
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521195101
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
This book examines the role of war in shaping the African state, society, and economy by tracing shifts in the culture and practice of war.
Author: James Waterson
Publisher: Greenhill Books
ISBN: 1784387622
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
‘The author brings together a wealth of information which has, until now, only been available in highly specialized academic journals and scholarly books’ – David Nicolle 'An astonishing array of themes and characters’ – John Man The Mamluks were, at one distinct point in history, the greatest body of fighting men in the world and the quintessence of the mounted warrior – reaching near perfection in their skill with the bow, lance and sword. Their story embraces many of the great themes of medieval military endeavour: the Crusaders and the deadly contest between Islam and Christendom, the Mongols and their vision of World Dominion, Tamerlane the Scourge of God and the rise of the Ottoman Empire whose own slave soldiers, the Janissaries, would be the Mamluks' final nemesis. They entered the Islamic world as unlettered automatons and through a total application to the craft of the warrior they became more than soldiers. After a bloody seizure of power from their masters, the descendants of Saladin, they developed a martial code and an honor system based on barracks brotherhood, a sophisticated military society that harnessed the state's energies for total war and produced a series of treatises on cavalry tactics, martial training, mounted archery and scientific and analytical approaches to warfare that more than compare to Sun Tzu's Art of War, the Western Codes of Chivalry and the Bushido in their complexity, beauty of language and comprehensive coverage of the bloody business of war. Their story embraces many of the great themes of medieval military endeavour: the Crusaders and the deadly contest between Islam and Christendom, the Mongols and their vision of world dominion, Tamerlane and the rise of the Ottoman Empire whose own slave soldiers, the Janissaries, would be the Mamluks' final nemesis.
