Author: Thomas A. Mennella
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Repressors, Genetic
Languages : en
Pages : 145

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Author: Sarah R. Green
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
Eukaryotic transcription is a highly regulated cellular process that represents the balance of positive and negative factors acting on the promoter of a given gene. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the Tup1-Sn6 repressor complex negatively influences the expression of approximately five percent of all genes. Functional homologs of this complex exist in other organisms, and a better understanding of the functions of Tup1 in yeast will provide us with insight into the broader questions of how transcriptional repression is regulated across species and the consequences of its misregulation. Most of the targets of Tup1-mediated repression have been identified, but the means by which Tup1 inhibits transcription of these target genes is not entirely clear. To explore this question, we focused on two proteins know to be involved in Tup1-mediated repression--Hda1, a histone deacetylase, and Srb10, a cyclin-dependent kinase associated with the Mediator complex. We disrupted each of these genes separately and in combination and compared the effects of the disruptions on Tup1-regulated genes using a statistical analysis of microarray data. We saw a strong overlap between the genes derepressed in an hda1DELTA strain and the set of Tup1-regulated genes and a smaller but still significant intersection between the mutant srb10 and tup1DELTA datasets. Tup1-regulated genes can be divided into subclasses based on their requirements for Hda1 and/or Srb10 function for full repression. However, the magnitudes of the derepression defect in these mechanistic disruptions are rarely as severe as that of a tup1DELTA strain. We also showed that there was not a strict correlation between the loss of Hda1 deacetylation function and a loss transcriptional repression. These data imply that there are multiple and overlapping mechanisms that contribute to full Tup1-mediated repression and that often several of these mechanisms are acting at a given promoter to repress transcription. We also tried to better understand the mechanisms of Tup1-mediated repression by analyzing the functions of Tup1 itself. We mutagenized a surface of Tup1 conserved among metazoan homologs and measured the effects of the mutants on Tup1-mediated repression by microarray analysis. The mutant alleles represented a range of deficiencies in repression, with the strongest mutant affecting about half of Tup1-regulated genes. For one set of Tup1-regulated genes, some of the point mutants disrupted the recruitment of Tup1 to regulated promoters; however, for the majority of Tup1-repressed genes, the mutant proteins are properly recruited but cannot repress transcription. These point mutants of Tup1 demonstrate that the conserved surface of Tup1 is important for two different aspects of Tup1-mediated repression--recruitment to repressed promoters and the active repression of transcription.

Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080490921
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 223

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In keeping with the tradition of excellence of past volumes of Current Topics in Developmental Biology, this volume provides a comprehensive survey of major issues at the forefront of modern developmental biology and developmental medicine. Astonishing discoveries are presented in seven thoughtful and forward-looking articles.* The Balbiani body and germ cell determinants: 150 years later* Fetal-maternal interactions: Prenatal psychobiological precursors to adaptive infant development* The Paradoxical Role of Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 (MeCP2) in Rett Syndrome* Genetic Approaches to Analyzing Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Permeability* Mitochondrial dynamics in mammals* Histone Modifications in Corepressor Functions* Death by Abl, A Matter of LocationClinical and fundamental researchers, as well as students and other professionals, will find this series an indispensable guide to current topics in cellular and molecular approaches to developmental biology and clinical problems of aberrant development.* Series Editor Gerald Schatten is one of the leading minds in reproductive and developmental science* Presents major issues and astonishing discoveries at the forefront of modern developmental biology and developmental medicine* The longest-running forum for contemporary issues in developmental biology with over 30 years of coverage

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 828

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Author: J. Richard Dickinson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203503864
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 476

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Since the publication of the best-selling first edition, much has been discovered about Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the single-celled fungus commonly known as baker's yeast or brewer's yeast that is the basis for much of our understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of eukaryotes. This wealth of new research data demands our attention and r

Author: Stefan Hohmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540456112
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 398

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Book Description
Every cell has developed mechanisms to respond to changes in its environment and to adapt its growth and metabolism to unfavorable conditions. The unicellular eukaryote yeast has long proven as a particularly useful model system for the analysis of cellular stress responses, and the completion of the yeast genome sequence has only added to its power This volume comprehensively reviews both the basic features of the yeast genral stress response and the specific adapations to different stress types (nutrient depletion, osmotic and heat shock as well as salt and oxidative stress). It includes the latest findings in the field and discusses the implications for the analysis of stress response mechanisms in higher eukaryotes as well.

Author: Eduardo Pires
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319151894
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 85

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Book Description
Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage in the world. Yet, behind each glass of beer there is an enormous amount of work invested. If the first image that comes to your mind is the lifting of heavy bags of malt or carrying kegs, guess again! Most of the work involved in brewing is carried out by “microworkers” – yeast and their enzymes! These special helpers are responsible for catalyzing the vast majority of the biochemical reactions occurring in all steps that gradually transform the sugary wort into beer. This book not only provides readers with an overview of the whole biochemical process involved in beer fermentation, but also reviews the latest findings in this delightful field, making it essential reading for both scientists and brewing enthusiasts

Author: Kevin Kavanagh
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111997769X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 315

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Book Description
Fungi: Biology and Applications, Second Edition provides a comprehensive treatment of fungi, covering biochemistry, genetics and the medical and economic significance of these organisms at introductory level. With no prior knowledge of the subject assumed, the opening chapters offer a broad overview of the basics of fungal biology, in particular the physiology and genetics of fungi and also a new chapter on the application of genomics to fungi. Later chapters move on to include more detailed coverage of topics such as antibiotic and chemical commodities from fungi, new chapters on biotechnological use of fungal enzymes and fungal proteomics, and fungal diseases of humans, antifungal agents for use in human therapy and fungal pathogens of plants.

Author: Pallaval Veera Bramhachari
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811324298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Book Description
This book illustrates the importance and significance of Quorum sensing (QS), it’s critical roles in regulating diverse cellular functions in microbes, including bioluminescence, virulence, pathogenesis, gene expression, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Microbes can coordinate population behavior with small molecules called autoinducers (AHL) which serves as a signal of cellular population density, triggering new patterns of gene expression for mounting virulence and pathogenesis. Therefore, these microbes have the competence to coordinate and regulate explicit sets of genes by sensing and communicating amongst themselves utilizing variety of signals. This book descry emphasizes on how bacteria can coordinate an activity and synchronize their response to external signals and regulate gene expression. The chapters of the book provide the recent advancements on various functional aspects of QS systems in different gram positive and gram negative organisms. Finally, the book also elucidates a comprehensive yet a representative description of a large number of challenges associated with quorum sensing signal molecules viz. virulence, pathogenesis, antibiotic synthesis, biosurfactants production, persister cells, cell signaling and biofilms, intra and inter-species communications, host-pathogen interactions, social interactions & swarming migration in biofilms.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nucleic acids
Languages : en
Pages : 904

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