Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 200

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781721937134
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 200

Get Book Here

Book Description
Study plans, a pre-tested questionnaire, a sample design evaluation tool, a community publicity monitoring plan, and a theoretical framework have been developed to support combined social/acoustical surveys of residents' reactions to an abrupt change in environmental noise, Secondary analyses of more than 20 previous surveys provide estimates of three parameters of a study simulation model; within individual variability, between study wave variability, and between neighborhood variability in response to community noise. The simulation model predicts the precision of the results from social surveys of reactions to noise, including changes in noise. When the study simulation model analyzed the population distribution, noise exposure environments and feasible noise measurement program at a proposed noise change survey site, it was concluded that the site could not yield sufficient precise estimates of human reaction model to justify conducting a survey. Additional secondary analyses determined that noise reactions are affected by the season of the social survey. Fields, James M. and Ehrlich, Gary E. and Zador, Paul and Shepherd, Kevin P. (Technical Monitor) Langley Research Center NAS1-20103; RTOP 522-81-15-01

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Noise
Languages : en
Pages : 432

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: Acoustical Society of America
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1552

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 162

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental health
Languages : en
Pages : 276

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 1030

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781496001597
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 122

Get Book Here

Book Description
In the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Congress declared that its purpose was to assure, so far as possible, safe and healthful working conditions for every working man and woman and to preserve our human resources. In this Act, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is charged with recommending occupational safety and health standards and describing exposure concentrations that are safe for various periods of employment-including but not limited to concentrations at which no worker will suffer diminished health, functional capacity, or life expectancy as a result of his or her work experience. By means of criteria documents, NIOSH communicates these recommended standards to regulatory agencies (including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration [OSHA]) and to others in the occupational safety and health community. Criteria documents provide the scientific basis for new occupational safety and health standards. These documents generally contain a critical review of the scientific and technical information available on the prevalence of hazards, the existence of safety and health risks, and the adequacy of control methods. In addition to transmitting these documents to the Department of Labor, NIOSH also distributes them to health professionals in academic institutions, industry, organized labor, public interest groups, and other government agencies. In 1972, NIOSH published Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Noise, which provided the basis for a recommended standard to reduce the risk of developing permanent hearing loss as a result of occupational noise exposure [NIOSH 1972]. NIOSH has now evaluated the latest scientific information and has revised some of its previous recommendations. The 1998 recommendations go beyond attempting to conserve hearing by focusing on preventing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). This criteria document reevaluates and reaffirms the recommended exposure limit (REL) for occupational noise exposure established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 1972. The REL is 85 decibels, A-weighted, as an 8-hr time-weighted average (85 dBA as an 8-hr TWA). Exposures at or above this level are hazardous. By incorporating the 4000-Hz audiometric frequency into the definition of hearing impairment in the risk assessment, NIOSH has found an 8% excess risk of developing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) during a 40-year lifetime exposure at the 85-dBA REL. NIOSH has also found that scientific evidence supports the use of a 3-dB exchange rate for the calculation of TWA exposures to noise. The recommendations in this document go beyond attempts to conserve hearing by focusing on prevention of occupational NIHL. For workers whose noise exposures equal or exceed 85 dBA, NIOSH recommends a hearing loss prevention program (HLPP) that includes exposure assessment, engineering and administrative controls, proper use of hearing protectors, audiometric evaluation, education and motivation, recordkeeping, and program audits and evaluations. Audiometric evaluation is an important component of an HLPP. To provide early identification of workers with increasing hearing loss, NIOSH has revised the criterion for significant threshold shift to an increase of 15 dB in the hearing threshold level (HTL) at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, or 6000 Hz in either ear, as determined by two consecutive tests. To permit timely intervention and prevent further hearing losses in workers whose HTLs have increased because of occupational noise exposure, NIOSH no longer recommends age correction on individual audiograms.

Author: Chris Toumazou
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780780311701
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 724

Get Book Here

Book Description
Available for the first time in paperback, this ground-breaking industry textbook is heralded as a first in its state-of-the-art coverage of the most important areas emerging in circuits and systems. It is compiled from course material used in a suite of one-day tutorials on circuits and systems designed expressly for engineers and research scientists who want to explore subjects outside, but related to, their immediate fields. Authored by 50 circuits and systems experts, this volume fosters a fundamental and authoritative understanding of each subject.