The Siege of Ben Het (Project CHECO Southeast Asia Report). PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U. S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U. S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.
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Languages : en
Pages : 64
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This report briefly covers the tactical situation in the Ben Het area during May and June 1969--the enemy threat and the Allied defense. It describes USAF operations in the defense of Ben Het in detail, largely as seen through the eyes of those involved, along with the problems encountered and lessons learned.
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Languages : en
Pages : 50
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The term "short round," of artillery inception, described a shell which fell short of its target. In Air Force employment, this term is somewhat altered: "A short round incident is defined as the air delivery of ordnance which results in injury or death to friendly military forces or noncombatants." This CHECO report depicts those short rounds delivered by fixed-wing aircraft, specifically those under the operational control of the Seventh Air Force Tactical Air Control Center (TACC). This report encompasses "short round" incidents reported from January through December 1971. It emphasizes a narrative of each incident with the factors leading up to the incident, the investigating officer's conclusions and recommendations, and the efforts made by commanders to minimize the recurrence of the accidental release of air-delivered ordnance on friendly military forces or noncombatants. A review of the authenticated "short rounds" in CHECO reports of previous years revealed that these incidents basically followed a general pattern of primary and contributing causes: pilot error, poor weather conditions, troop location unknown, weapon system malfunction, wrong target hit due to ground personnel error, poor communications, change in the ground situation, and inaccurate target marking. However, it was also noted that in a troops-in-contact situation the chance of a short round must be weighed against the possibility of heavy losses if close air support is not provided.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 97
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Inevitably, comparisons will be drawn--and have been drawn--between Rolling Thunder, the bombing and interdiction campaign over North Vietnam between 1965 and 1968, and Linebacker, the campaign launched over the North on 9 May 1972. This study addresses the similarities and differences between the two campaigns, the concepts and rationale behind each, and the degree of success-of-aims achieved in the two overall plans. Ample documentation of Rolling Thunder exists in previous histories, operational reports, and Project CHECO Reports, as well as other sources, and these are drawn upon in this volume. Classified and unclassified statements by high-level officials of both periods are cited in an attempt to achieve the best possible perspective. This report documents the chronology of events, including the introduction of new tactics and technologies, their effect on the prosecution of the Linebacker campaign, and the concomitant reshaping of political constraints. It addresses the change in political climate, the significance of the GCI-ECM-MIG-SAM envelope, and briefly, the effect of Linebacker upon the North Vietnamese invasion of the South. The differing politico-military considerations and the changes in the Rules of Engagement are also mentioned because they contributed sharply to the differences of effectiveness of Linebacker and Rolling Thunder. Weather cannot be ignored, because it influenced large differences in tactics and weaponry. This study, however, cannot be construed as the final, in-depth analysis of any Rolling Thunder-Linebacker comparison, since it must concern itself primarily with the actions taken and immediate effects of the first four months of the latter campaign.
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Languages : en
Pages : 103
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This is the sixth report in a series by the Southeast Asia CHECO office on Search and Rescue operations. In preparing the fifth report-- the period covering July 1969 through December 1970--the author of that study felt that it would possibly be the last on the subject during the war in Vietnam. For that reason, he elected to summarize all Search and Rescue activities in Southeast Asia to present what had transpired in that area through 1970. The reader seeking background information on Search and Rescue in Southeast Asia is, therefore, referred to the previous CHECO publications on the subject, primarily USAF Search and Rescue in Southeast Asia--1 July 1969-31 December 1970, dated 23 April 1971. This continuation report is directed toward covering those significant events which took place during 1971 and the first quarter of 1972. While the report was being prepared, great changes were taking place in concepts and tactics for Search and Rescue operations. Some of the changes were a direct result of the unilateral withdrawal of US forces from Southeast Asia, while others were simply a result of finding better ways of doing things. It was true that when an aircraft was downed, practically all theater resources were made available for the rescue operation. However, the primary rescue-dedicated force was controlled by the 3rd Aerospace Rescue and Recovery Group. For that reason, the study places emphasis on the Group's operation, but the discussion will include, when applicable, the support offered by outside resources. Throughout the research phase, the author met with unlimited cooperation by everyone contacted. The overall impression, hopefully conveyed in the report, is that there has never been a group of people more dedicated to a goal than those associated with Search and Rescue in Southeast Asia. Although bitter failures and tragedies were encountered during the period, there were also unprecedented successes.
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Languages : en
Pages : 68
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In the parlance of artillerymen, a "Short Round" is a shell that falls short of the enemy and inflicts casualties on friendly troops. The expression is so starkly descriptive and brief that it has come to be used as a convenient label for most incidents wherein friendly ordnance causes friendly casualties. This report is concerned with air-delivered Short Rounds--specifically, those involving the fixed-wing aircraft under operational control of the Seventh Air Force Tactical Air Control Center (TACC). This third CHECO report On "Short Rounds" covers occurrences from June 1968 through May 1969. It emphasizes rates and trends, interesting corollaries, lessons learned, and recent attempts to eliminate Short Rounds. This study also examines several Short Round incidents to illustrate some of the problems encountered by ground commanders, forward air controllers (FACs), and strike aircraft commanders in their joint efforts to conduct close air support. Ground and air commanders at all levels are deeply concerned about the tragic results of Short Round incidents, and Strenuous efforts have been made to reduce the probability of such occurrences. To have achieved absolute immunity from Short Rounds, the ground forces would have had to sacrifice the benefits of air support whenever they were closely engaged with the enemy. These were hard choices to make, but nearly all of the situations dictated accepting the risk of Short Rounds to diminish the certain lethality of hostile fire.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Project CHECO was established in 1962 to document and analyze air operations in Southeast Asia. Over the years the meaning of the acronym changed several times to reflect the escalation of operations: Current Historical Evaluation of Counterinsurgency Operations, Contemporary Historical Evaluation of Combat Operations and Contemporary Historical Examination of Current Operations. Project CHECO and other U.S. Air Force Historical study programs provided the Air Force with timely and lasting corporate insights into operational, conceptual and doctrinal lessons from the war in SEA.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
More than a decade of direct American military action in Indochina without a significant pause. for an exchange of prisoners or search for those missing in action ended in January 1973 with the repatriation of American prisoners of war held by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) and the Provisional Revolutionary Government (PRG) of South Vietnam (Viet Cong). In the wake of Operation Homecoming, however, 2,409 Americans, including 21 civilians remained unaccounted for. The total was divided almost equally between those listed as missing in action (MIA) and those labeled presumed dead but body not recovered (BNR). The number included 977 Air Force (MIA = 690, BNR = 287), 706 Army (MIA = 347, BNR = 359), 409 Navy (MIA = 132, BNR = 277), and 296 Marine (MIA = 105, BNR = 191) personnel, and 21 US civilians (MIA = 13, BNR = 8). Seventy-eight percent of all MIA/BNR incidents were connected with crash sites. The large Air Force total suggested a major difficulty in any proposed casualty resolution (CR) operations: the need to locate and examine crash sites scattered over remote sections of Indochina. Most BNR status Army, Navy, and Marine personnel were also connected with aircraft crashes.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 61
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This is a continuing report, dovetailing with CHECO Report, "Command and Control 1965," which was published on 15 December 1966. Since then, approximately 16 CHECO reports have been completed, which encompass every facet of Command and Control in SEA. Thus, this volume will not repeat the detailed information available in other individual reports. Rather, it will provide an overview of this highly complex Command and Control structure. Emphasis will be placed on Command Relationships, with the focus on their historical evolution and the prevailing lines of authority from the Pacific Command (PACOM) to Vietnam and Thailand. When it enhances the overview, this report - will contain brief sketches of pertinent functional components and the elements of centralized direction so essential to the operation of a Command and Control system.
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Languages : en
Pages : 52
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This report examines the MACV Visual Aerial Surveillance Program in I Corps, emphasizing the areas of responsibility for the Air Force O-1 and O-2 aircraft, Army O-1s, and the Senior Corps Advisor, as well as support given the Marines. That Air Force Visual Reconnaissance was an invaluable part of the I Corps reconnaissance program is self-evident. Two major theses are discussed: First the Visual Reconnaissance (VR) program in I Corps was user-oriented. The MACV VR program in I Corps relied upon only O-1 and O-2 aircraft assigned to one tactical air support squadron and two reconnaissance airplane companies. The program, however, was implemented, not through these three aircraft units, but through the many Army, Marine, and ARVN ground units. No designated "VR Program" existed independently of the VR and FAC missions flown in support of U.S. and ARVN division users. Accordingly, the patterns of coverage adhered to those of unit areas of operation, and each user determined the nature of his VR program. Although Air Force FAC resources were dedicated to the FAC mission and only secondarily to the VR mission, they were used to accomplish significant Visual Reconnaissance. Since the O-1 and O-2 aircraft had other higher priority missions, no single manager of VR scheduling existed in I Corps. Second, the Visual Reconnaissance program in I Corps was scattered among a number of users, but no organization existed to analyze VR as a total, unified effort. Seventh Air Force and the I Corps Senior Advisor had collection systems to systematically compile data produced by VR flights, but no one made a thorough analysis of Visual Reconnaissance techniques and their effectiveness. This report provides comments on the completeness of VR coverage in I Corps.
