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Author: U.s. Department of Justice
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN: 9781479390380
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
In recent years, mayors and municipal leaders throughout the United States have confronted increasing problems of community safety. These problems have affected not only urban centers but also small towns and rural municipalities. Many other countries have experienced similar rapid increases in crime that have only begun to decline in the past few years. The response of many governments has been to toughen their legal and justice systems, increasing policing capacities and penalties. Despite these efforts, the social and economic consequences of crime have been enormous: Expenditures on law enforcement have increased tremendously. Criminal sentences have become tougher; The number of offenders prosecuted and incarcerated has risen dramatically; Private security personnel have outstripped official law enforcement; Communities increasingly have resorted to fortifying neighborhoods; Crime has reduced the tax base of cities by driving out residents and businesses. Traditionally, the public has viewed crime reduction as the responsibility of the police and the courts. However, in spite of increased expenditures, these institutions have been unable to contain the epidemic of crime. The result has been a loss of confidence in criminal justice systems and high levels of public concern about crime. Migration, rapid changes in populations, rising poverty levels, and income disparities continue to affect many countries. Crime prevention, rather than reaction or repression, has generally played a very minor role in addressing crime problems. To have an impact on current crime problems and avoid even greater problems in the future, a more balanced approach and perceptual shift by society are necessary. This monograph was prepared for mayors, city managers, planners, and elected officials. It brings together information from around the United States and around the world on ways that public officials have used their authority to foster safer, healthier communities. More specifically, it outlines the following: Why change is necessary; Why communities can no longer leave safety to only the criminal justice system; How knowledge about the factors that lead to crime and insecurity has increased; How knowledge about how citizens can intervene effectively has increased; The leadership, strategies, and tools needed to bring about change; Examples of city-led projects; Lessons learned from past practice.
Author: U.s. Department of Justice
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN: 9781479390380
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 74
Get Book Here
Book Description
In recent years, mayors and municipal leaders throughout the United States have confronted increasing problems of community safety. These problems have affected not only urban centers but also small towns and rural municipalities. Many other countries have experienced similar rapid increases in crime that have only begun to decline in the past few years. The response of many governments has been to toughen their legal and justice systems, increasing policing capacities and penalties. Despite these efforts, the social and economic consequences of crime have been enormous: Expenditures on law enforcement have increased tremendously. Criminal sentences have become tougher; The number of offenders prosecuted and incarcerated has risen dramatically; Private security personnel have outstripped official law enforcement; Communities increasingly have resorted to fortifying neighborhoods; Crime has reduced the tax base of cities by driving out residents and businesses. Traditionally, the public has viewed crime reduction as the responsibility of the police and the courts. However, in spite of increased expenditures, these institutions have been unable to contain the epidemic of crime. The result has been a loss of confidence in criminal justice systems and high levels of public concern about crime. Migration, rapid changes in populations, rising poverty levels, and income disparities continue to affect many countries. Crime prevention, rather than reaction or repression, has generally played a very minor role in addressing crime problems. To have an impact on current crime problems and avoid even greater problems in the future, a more balanced approach and perceptual shift by society are necessary. This monograph was prepared for mayors, city managers, planners, and elected officials. It brings together information from around the United States and around the world on ways that public officials have used their authority to foster safer, healthier communities. More specifically, it outlines the following: Why change is necessary; Why communities can no longer leave safety to only the criminal justice system; How knowledge about the factors that lead to crime and insecurity has increased; How knowledge about how citizens can intervene effectively has increased; The leadership, strategies, and tools needed to bring about change; Examples of city-led projects; Lessons learned from past practice.
Author: Margaret Shaw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crime prevention
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Criminal justice, Administration of
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author: Sibusiso Masuku
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Author: Margaret Shaw
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780756723408
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Increasing numbers of people no longer view the safety of their neighborhoods as the sole responsibility of the police. Citizens in areas plagued by crime & violence are uniting to work with local government. Together, they have the knowledge & resources to identify & remove the sources of crime, drug use, & juvenile delinquency in their communities. This report will help create strong local leadership from local officials by chronicling how local public officials have used community safety partnerships to build healthier communities. A framework for using these local partnerships to reduce crime exists based on the experiences of officials in North America, Europe, Africa, & Australasia. Tables.
Author: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Home Affairs Committee
Publisher: The Stationery Office
ISBN: 9780215555441
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
This report examines the proposal contained in the consultation paper "Policing in the 21st century: reconnecting police and the people" (Cm 7925, ISBN 9780101792523) for the introduction in England and Wales of elected Police and Crime Commissioners and the creation of Police and Crime Panels in each force area to scrutinise the Commissioners. The Commissioners would replace Police Authorities, and be responsible for holding Chief Constables to account. The first elections are scheduled for May 2012. Members of the Committee held widely differing views about the principle of elected Commissioners, but this inquiry seeks to determine how these proposals can best be delivered. The Committee believes there should be a cooling-off period of four years if a former senior police officer decides to stand as a Police and Crime Commissioner in the same area in which they have served. This restriction is necessary because otherwise they could be in the position of scrutinising decisions they had made while still in office. Commissioners should be responsible for the budget, staff, estate and other assets in their force area. Also recommended is a need for greater clarity on what is meant by operational independence: there is currently no statutory definition of operational independence and it should be defined in a written memorandum of understanding between the Home Secretary, Chief Constables and Police and Crime Commissioners. The Police and Crime Panels should be comprised primarily of elected representatives from Councils in the force area, but also of a significantly smaller number of independent members.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309163587
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 589
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Book Description
Recent outbreaks of illnesses traced to contaminated sprouts and lettuce illustrate the holes that exist in the system for monitoring problems and preventing foodborne diseases. Although it is not solely responsible for ensuring the safety of the nation's food supply, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees monitoring and intervention for 80 percent of the food supply. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's abilities to discover potential threats to food safety and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness are hampered by impediments to efficient use of its limited resources and a piecemeal approach to gathering and using information on risks. Enhancing Food Safety: The Role of the Food and Drug Administration, a new book from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, responds to a congressional request for recommendations on how to close gaps in FDA's food safety systems. Enhancing Food Safety begins with a brief review of the Food Protection Plan (FPP), FDA's food safety philosophy developed in 2007. The lack of sufficient detail and specific strategies in the FPP renders it ineffectual. The book stresses the need for FPP to evolve and be supported by the type of strategic planning described in these pages. It also explores the development and implementation of a stronger, more effective food safety system built on a risk-based approach to food safety management. Conclusions and recommendations include adopting a risk-based decision-making approach to food safety; creating a data surveillance and research infrastructure; integrating federal, state, and local government food safety programs; enhancing efficiency of inspections; and more. Although food safety is the responsibility of everyone, from producers to consumers, the FDA and other regulatory agencies have an essential role. In many instances, the FDA must carry out this responsibility against a backdrop of multiple stakeholder interests, inadequate resources, and competing priorities. Of interest to the food production industry, consumer advocacy groups, health care professionals, and others, Enhancing Food Safety provides the FDA and Congress with a course of action that will enable the agency to become more efficient and effective in carrying out its food safety mission in a rapidly changing world.
Author: Roy Coleman
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1446245144
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
′Following the outstanding introduction by the authors there are fifteen excellent original articles devoted to an integrated theory of the relationship between the state and crime. This work is on the cutting edge of critical criminology. It is a must read.′ - William J. Chambliss, Professor of Sociology, The George Washington University, USA. ′This book is a superb compilation of original papers by an impressive roster of authors. While the articles cover a wide range of empirical issues, from Northern Ireland and corporate crime to youth crime and heterosexual hegemony they all explore the implications, strategies and mechanisms of state power. There isn′t a weak paper here: all are extensively documented, well written, persuasive and scholarly in the very best sense.′ - Professor Laureen Snider, Queens University, Canada ′State, Power, Crime is a hugely important book for these times. Bringing together some of the most original minds in criminology it offers a critical analysis of the state, how it constructs crime, responds to it and, at times, engages in the very same. The book is essential reading for anyone interested in justice, freedom and equality.′ - Paddy Rawlinson, London School of Economics Featuring contributions by many of the leading scholars in the field, this seminal text explores the key themes and debates on state power today, in relation to crime and social order. It critically evaluates a range of substantive areas of criminological concern, including terrorism, surveillance, violence and the media. State, Power, Crime provides: "historical overviews of key theories about state power " assessment of the relationship between crime, criminal justice and the state " analysis of the development of law and order policy " discussion of the impact of structural fissures such as gender, race and sexuality " an overview of current research and writing " critical reflection on the future direction of research and analysis " advice on further reading. In 1978, with the publication of Hall et al′s Policing the Crisis and Poulantzas′s State, Power, Socialism, the complexity of the state′s interventions in maintaining a capitalist social order were laid bare for critical criminological analysis. State, Power, Crime offers an up-to-date and comprehensive examination of the challenges posed by state power, in relation to both criminal and social justice.
Author: Bureau of Justice Assistance
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781497517820
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The movement toward community policing has gained momentum in recent years as police and community leaders search for more effective ways to promote public safety and to enhance the quality of life in their neighborhoods. Chiefs, sheriffs, and other policing officials are currently assessing what changes in orientation, organization, and operations will allow them to benefit the communities they serve by improving the quality of the services they provide.Community policing encompasses a variety of philosophical and practical approaches and is still evolving rapidly. Community policing strategies vary depending on the needs and responses of the communities involved; however, certain basic principles and considerations are common to all community policing efforts.To date, no succinct overview of community policing exists for practitioners who want to learn to use this wide-ranging approach to address the problems of crime and disorder in their communities. Understanding Community Policing, prepared by the Community Policing Consortium, is the beginning of an effort to bring community policing into focus. The document, while not a final product, assembles and examines the critical components of community policing to help foster the learning process and to structure the experimentation and modification required to make community policing work.Established and funded by the U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), the Community Policing Consortium includes representatives from the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), the National Sheriffs' Association, the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF), and the Police Foundation. BJA gave the Consortium the task of developing a conceptual framework for community policing and assisting agencies in implementing community policing. The process was designed to be a learning experience, allowing police, community members, and policymakers to assess the effectiveness of different implementation procedures and the impact of community policing on local levels of crime, violence, fear, and other public-safety problems.
Author: Peter Squires
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1861347294
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
Community safety emerged as an approach to tackling and preventing local crime and disorder in the late 1980s and was adopted into mainstream policy by New Labour in the late '90s. This book provides theoretically informed analysis by leading authoritiesin the field.
