The Role of Integrin Beta7 on T Lymphocytes Trafficking During Intestinal Inflammation PDF Download
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Author: Wun Kuk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract including two major categories, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Rapid recruitment of lymphocytes from peripheral circulation to the gut mucosa is a key feature of IBD. The process of lymphocytes homing to the gut is a multiple-step adhesion viii cascade that is mediated by adhesion molecules such as integrin [alpha]4[beta]7. Integrin [alpha]4[beta]7 is expressed on lymphocytes and interacts with its ligand, mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), which is primarily expressed in the high endothelial venules in the small intestine, the colon, and Peyer's Patches. Integrin [alpha]4[beta]7 is a therapeutic target in IBD. Clinical studies report that vedolizumab, a humanized antibody against integrin [alpha]4[beta]7, effectively maintains clinical remission in IBD patients. However, aggravated colitis was observed in a small percentage of patients treated with high dose of vedolizumab, which is probably due to aberrant innate immune response to intestinal mucosal injury and infection. Here, the role of integrin [beta]7 on recruiting conventional and regulatory T lymphocytes during intestinal inflammation is further investigated by using two IBD mouse models. Conventional/effector T cells activate other effector immune cells whereas regulatory T cells suppress inflammatory activities and maintain peripheral tolerance. The results demonstrated that deficiency in integrin [beta]7 exacerbates induced spontaneous colitis. The suppression function of [beta]7-deficient Treg cells remains intact. However, integrin [beta]7-deficiency impairs the homing capacity of both regulatory T cells and effector T cells to the GALT. These findings possibly explain the adverse effects seen in high dose vedolizumab treatment, suggesting that excessive blocking of integrin [beta]7 function should be avoided to prevent potential adverse effects of this medication.
Author: Wun Kuk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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Book Description
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract including two major categories, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Rapid recruitment of lymphocytes from peripheral circulation to the gut mucosa is a key feature of IBD. The process of lymphocytes homing to the gut is a multiple-step adhesion viii cascade that is mediated by adhesion molecules such as integrin [alpha]4[beta]7. Integrin [alpha]4[beta]7 is expressed on lymphocytes and interacts with its ligand, mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), which is primarily expressed in the high endothelial venules in the small intestine, the colon, and Peyer's Patches. Integrin [alpha]4[beta]7 is a therapeutic target in IBD. Clinical studies report that vedolizumab, a humanized antibody against integrin [alpha]4[beta]7, effectively maintains clinical remission in IBD patients. However, aggravated colitis was observed in a small percentage of patients treated with high dose of vedolizumab, which is probably due to aberrant innate immune response to intestinal mucosal injury and infection. Here, the role of integrin [beta]7 on recruiting conventional and regulatory T lymphocytes during intestinal inflammation is further investigated by using two IBD mouse models. Conventional/effector T cells activate other effector immune cells whereas regulatory T cells suppress inflammatory activities and maintain peripheral tolerance. The results demonstrated that deficiency in integrin [beta]7 exacerbates induced spontaneous colitis. The suppression function of [beta]7-deficient Treg cells remains intact. However, integrin [beta]7-deficiency impairs the homing capacity of both regulatory T cells and effector T cells to the GALT. These findings possibly explain the adverse effects seen in high dose vedolizumab treatment, suggesting that excessive blocking of integrin [beta]7 function should be avoided to prevent potential adverse effects of this medication.
Author: Alasdair M. Gilfillan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441995331
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
The editors of Mast Cell Biology, Drs. Gilfillan and Metcalfe, have enlisted an outstanding group of investigators to discuss the emerging concepts in mast cell biology with respect to development of these cells, their homeostasis, their activation, as well as their roles in maintaining health on the one hand and on the other, their participation in disease.
Author: Alf Hamann
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527607013
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 557
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Book Description
Written by known specialists in the field, this is a comprehensive and timely overview of a central and expanding topic. Simultaneously an introduction and a description of the latest concepts, findings and methods, the handbook provides basic knowledge on technical issues required for those intending to research in the field. It covers the functional role of involved molecules and the cellular mechanisms, and addresses selected examples for their possible application in therapy -- bridging the gap between trafficking mechanisms and novel therapeutic strategies. In addition, it includes selection of proven and timesaving methods for studying cell trafficking in vitro and in vivo. The accompanying CD-ROM makes leukocyte migration videos available to a broad audience for the first time.
Author: Thomas T. MacDonald
Publisher: S Karger Ag
ISBN: 9783805567220
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
There are more T cells in the gastrointestinal tract and lung than in the rest of the body combined. The aim of this book is to cover all the important aspects of the biology of these cells in animals and in man. Basic observations are described as well as disease states where aberrant activation of mucosal T cells causes tissue damage. The continuing discovery of features of mucosal T cells which make them different from T cells in the periphery is a consistent theme throughout the text. Topics discussed include new developments in understanding why the characteristic response of mucosal T cells to soluble antigens is tolerance, the role of the gut epithelium in intestinal immunity, the molecular basis by which T cells home to the gut mucosa, the functions of gammadelta T cells, the discovery of a new lymphoid organ - the cryptopatch - in the mouse gut, and the remarkable oligoclonality of the alphabeta and gammadelta T cells in the gut epithelium. In more disease-related sections, the way in which T cells play a role in asthma and protection from parasite infection, and how they cause inflammatory bowel disease in man and animals are described. Providing an excellent survey of the field, this book is a valuable resource for both basic scientists and clinicians interested in intestinal immunology and gastrointestinal disease.
Author: Ronald F. Tuma
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080569935
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 999
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Book Description
This reference is a volume in the Handbook of Physiology, co-published with The American Physiological Society. Growth in knowledge about the microcirculation has been explosive with the field becoming fragmented into numerous subdisciplines and subspecialties. This volume pulls all of the critical information into one volume. Meticulously edited and reviewed. Benefit: Provides investigators a unique tool to explore the significance of their findings in the context of other aspects of the microcirculation. In this way, the updated edition has a direct role in helping to develop new pathways of research and scholarship Highlights the explosive growth in knowledge about the microcirculation including the biology of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endothelial cell signaling, angiogenesis, cell adhesion molecules, lymphocyte trafficking, ion channels and receptors, and propagated vasomotor responses. Benefit: Microcirculatory biology has become fragmented into numerous sub-disciplines and subspecialties, and these reference reintegrates the information in one volume
Author: Pierre Vantourout
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459918
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 165
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Book Description
Author: Manzoor M. Khan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387779760
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
During the past decades, with the introduction of the recombinant DNA, hybridoma and transgenic technologies there has been an exponential evolution in understanding the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of a large number of human diseases. The technologies are evident with the development of cytokines and monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents and the techniques used in gene therapy. Immunopharmacology is that area of biomedical sciences where immunology, pharmacology and pathology overlap. It concerns the pharmacological approach to the immune response in physiological as well as pathological events. This goals and objectives of this textbook are to emphasize the developments in immunology and pharmacology as they relate to the modulation of immune response. The information includes the pharmacology of cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, mechanism of action of immune-suppressive agents and their relevance in tissue transplantation, therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AIDS and the techniques employed in gene therapy. The book is intended for health care professional students and graduate students in pharmacology and immunology.
Author: Helen Michelle McGettrick
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889742857
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Author: Britta Siegmund
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889456188
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
Author: Oleg Eremin
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 019958687X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 547
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Book Description
Providing the necessary foundation for a critical understanding of this rapidly expanding area of biological science that underpins and explains the modern concepts of a wide range of diseases and conditions, this book gives a concise, readable, and up-to-date account of immunology in general and its translation into key areas of clinical practice.
