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Author: Roland N. Pittman
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615047212
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 117
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Book Description
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Author: Roland N. Pittman
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615047212
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 117
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Book Description
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Author: Joanne Randolph
Publisher: Enslow Publishing, LLC
ISBN: 0766089851
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
The heart is a vital organ in the human body. Diagrams and full-color photographs and illustrations, paired with accessible and informative text, showcase how the heart works and what its job is in the human body.
Author: Michitoshi Inoue
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431683674
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 330
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Book Description
Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.
Author: Ryan Nagelhout
Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
ISBN: 1622756401
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
This enthralling look at the workings of the cardiovascular system introduces young readers to the human heart and its function. Along with the heart's atria and ventricles, the book explains the circulatory system and how the blood and its pathways operate. Readers get an in-depth look at red and white blood cells, platelets, plasma, blood pressure, blood types and donors, and how the lymphatic system works with the rest of the body's organs and tissues. Vocabulary boxes explain new words, Think About It sections pose questions for readers' consideration, and Compare and Contrast sidebars engage readers' minds.
Author: Ryan Nagelhout
Publisher: Britannica Educational Publishing
ISBN: 1622756436
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
This enthralling look at the workings of the cardiovascular system introduces young readers to the human heart and its function. Along with the heart's atria and ventricles, the book explains the circulatory system and how the blood and its pathways operate. Readers get an in-depth look at red and white blood cells, platelets, plasma, blood pressure, blood types and donors, and how the lymphatic system works with the rest of the body's organs and tissues. Vocabulary boxes explain new words, Think About It sections pose questions for readers' consideration, and Compare and Contrast sidebars engage readers' minds.
Author: Ronald Hoffman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780443066283
Category : Blood
Languages : en
Pages : 2821
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Book Description
Author: J. Gordon Betts
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781947172807
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: David Young
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615040226
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 110
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Book Description
Although cardiac output is measured as the flow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta, the system that controls cardiac output includes many other components besides the heart itself. The heart’s rate of output cannot exceed the rate of venous return to it, and therefore, the factors governing venous return are primarily responsible for control of output from the heart. Venous return is affected by its pressure gradient and resistance to flow throughout the vascular system. The pressure gradient for venous return is a function of several factors including the blood volume flowing through the system, the unstressed vascular volume of the circulatory system, its capacitance, mean systemic pressure, and right atrial pressure. Resistance to venous return is the sum of total vascular resistance from the aortic valve to the right atrium. The sympathetic nervous system and vasoactive circulating hormones affect short-term resistance, whereas local tissue blood flow autoregulatory mechanisms are the dominant determinants of long-term resistance to venous return. The strength of contraction of the heart responds to changes in atrial pressure driven by changes in venous return, with small changes in atrial pressure eliciting large changes in strength of contraction, as described by the Frank–Starling mechanism. In addition, the autonomic nervous system input to the heart alters myocardial pumping ability in response to cardiovascular challenges. The function of the cardiovascular system is strongly affected by the operation of the renal sodium excretion–body fluid volume–arterial pressure negative feedback system that maintains arterial blood pressure at a controlled value over long periods. The intent of this volume is to integrate the basic knowledge of these cardiovascular system components into an understanding of cardiac output regulation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Venous Return / Cardiac Function / Integrated Analysis of Cardiac Output Control / Analysis of Cardiac Output Regulation by Computer Simulation / Analysis of Cardiac Output Control in Response to Challenges / Conclusion / References / Author Biography
Author: William Harvey
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486688275
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
Classic of science reports how Harvey's theory of the circulation of the blood came into being. Reproduces the English translation made during Harvey's lifetime.
Author: William Harvey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Blood
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
