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Author: John H. S. Lee
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521897235
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book introduces the detonation phenomenon in explosives. It is ideal for engineers and graduate students with a background in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. The material is mostly qualitative, aiming to illustrate the physical aspects of the phenomenon. Classical idealized theories of detonation waves are presented first. These permit detonation speed, gas properties ahead and behind the detonation wave, and the distribution of fluid properties within the detonation wave itself to be determined. Subsequent chapters describe in detail the real unstable structure of a detonation wave. One-, two-, and three-dimensional computer simulations are presented along with experimental results using various experimental techniques. The important effects of confinement and boundary conditions and their influence on the propagation of a detonation are also discussed. The final chapters cover the various ways detonation waves can be formed and provide a review of the outstanding problems and future directions in detonation research.
Author: John H. S. Lee
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139473204
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
This book introduces the detonation phenomenon in explosives. It is ideal for engineers and graduate students with a background in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. The material is mostly qualitative, aiming to illustrate the physical aspects of the phenomenon. Classical idealized theories of detonation waves are presented first. These permit detonation speed, gas properties ahead of and behind the detonation wave, and the distribution of fluid properties within the detonation wave itself to be determined. Subsequent chapters describe in detail the real unstable structure of a detonation wave. One-, two-, and three-dimensional computer simulations are presented along with experimental results using various experimental techniques. The important effects of confinement and boundary conditions and their influence on the propagation of a detonation are also discussed. The final chapters cover the various ways detonation waves can be formed and provide a review of the outstanding problems and future directions in detonation research.
Author: John H. S. Lee
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521897235
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book introduces the detonation phenomenon in explosives. It is ideal for engineers and graduate students with a background in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. The material is mostly qualitative, aiming to illustrate the physical aspects of the phenomenon. Classical idealized theories of detonation waves are presented first. These permit detonation speed, gas properties ahead and behind the detonation wave, and the distribution of fluid properties within the detonation wave itself to be determined. Subsequent chapters describe in detail the real unstable structure of a detonation wave. One-, two-, and three-dimensional computer simulations are presented along with experimental results using various experimental techniques. The important effects of confinement and boundary conditions and their influence on the propagation of a detonation are also discussed. The final chapters cover the various ways detonation waves can be formed and provide a review of the outstanding problems and future directions in detonation research.
Author: C.-O. Leiber
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080527620
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 617
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Book Description
This unique book is a store of less well-known explosion anddetonation phenomena, including also data and experiences related tosafety risks. It highlights the shortcomings of the currentengineering codes based on a classical plane wave model of thephenomenon, and why these tools must fail. For the first time all the explosion phenomena are described in termsof proper assemblages of hot spots, which emit pressure waves andassociated near field terms in flow. Not all of the approaches arenew. Some even date back to the 19th century or earlier.. What is newis the application of these approaches to explosion phenomena. Inorder to make these tools easily available to the current detonationphysicist, basic acoustics is therefore also addressed. Whereas the current plane wave, homogeneous flow detonation physicsis an excellent engineering tool for numerical predictions undergiven conditions, the multi-hot-spot-model is an additional tool foranalyzing phenomena that cannot be explained by classicalcalculations. The real benefit comes from being able to understand,without any artificial assumptions, the whole phenomenology ofdetonations and explosions. By specifying pressure generatingmechanisms, one is able to see that the current treatment of thedetonics of energetic materials is only a very special - but powerful- case of explosion events and hazards. It becomes clear thatphysical explosions must be taken into account in any safetyconsiderations. In these terms it is easy to understand why evenliquid carbon dioxide and inert silo materials can explode. A unique collection of unexpected events, which might surprise evenspecialists, has resulted from the evaluation of the model. Thereforethis book is valuable for each explosion and safety scientist for theunderstanding and forecasting of unwanted events. The text mainlyaddresses the next generation of explosion and detonation scientists,with the goal of promoting the science of detonation on a newphysical basis. For this reason gaps in current knowledge are alsoaddressed. The science of explosions is not fully mature, but isstill in its beginning - and the tools necessary for furthering theunderstanding of these phenomena have been with us for centuries.
Author: Anatoly N. Dremin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780387986722
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
It is known that the Chapman-Jouguet theory of detonation is based on the assumption of an instantaneous and complete transformation of explosives into detonation products in the wave front. Therefore, one should not expect from the theory any interpretations of the detonation limits, such as shock initiation of det onation and kinetic instability and propagation (failure diameter). The Zeldovich-Von Neuman-Doring (ZND) theory of detonation appeared, in fact, as a response to the need for a theory capable of interpreting such limits, and the ZND detonation theory gave qualitative interpretations to the detonation limits. These interpretations were based essentially on the theoretical notion that the mechanism of explosives transformation at detonation is a combustion of a layer of finite thickness of shock-compressed explosive behind the wave shock front with the velocity of the front. However, some experimental findings turned out to be inconsistent with the the ory. A very small change of homogeneous (liquid) explosives detonation velocity with explosive charge diameter near the rather sizable failure diameter is one of the findings. The elucidation of the nature of this finding has led to the discovery of a new phenomenon. This phenomenon has come to be known as the breakdown (BD) of the explosive self-ignition behind the front of shock waves under the effect of rarefaction waves.
Author: John H. S. Lee
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316592081
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
Explosions, and the non-steady shock propagation associated with them, continue to interest researchers working in different fields of physics and engineering (such as astrophysics and fusion). Based on the author's course in shock dynamics, this book describes the various analytical methods developed to determine non-steady shock propagation. These methods offer a simple alternative to the direct numerical integration of the Euler equations and offer a better insight into the physics of the problem. Professor Lee presents the subject systematically and in a style that is accessible to graduate students and researchers working in shock dynamics, combustion, high-speed aerodynamics, propulsion and related topics.
Author: Michael A. Liberman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540787593
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Most of the material covered in this book deals with the fundamentals of chemistry and physics of key processes and fundamental mechanisms for various combustion and combustion related phenomena in gaseous combustible mixture. It provides the reader with basic knowledge of burning processes and mechanisms of reaction wave propagation. The combustion of a gas mixture (flame, explosion, detonation) is necessarily accompanied by motion of the gas. The process of combustion is therefore not only a chemical phenomenon but also one of gas dynamics. The material selection focuses on the gas phase and with premixed gas combustion. Premixed gas combustion is of practical importance in engines, modern gas turbine and explosions, where the fuel and air are essentially premixed, and combustion occurs by the propagation of a front separating unburned mixture from fully burned mixture. Since premixed combustion is the most fundamental and potential for practical applications, the emphasis in the present work is be placed on regimes of premixed combustion. This text is intended for graduate students of different specialties, including physics, chemistry, mechanical engineering, computer science, mathematics and astrophysics.
Author: Sethuramasharma Venugopalan
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128017562
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
Demystifying Explosives: Concepts in High Energy Materials explains the basic concepts of and the science behind the entire spectrum of high energy materials (HEMs) and gives a broad perspective about all types of HEMs and their interrelationships. Demystifying Explosives covers topics ranging from explosives, deflagration, detonation, and pyrotechnics to safety and security aspects of HEMS, looking at their aspects, particularly their inter-relatedness with respect to properties and performance. The book explains concepts related to the molecular structure of HEMs, their properties, performance parameters, detonation and shock waves including explosives and propellants. The theory-based title also deals with important (safety and security) and interesting (constructive applications) aspects connected with HEMs and is of fundamental use to students in their introduction to these materials and applications. - Explains the concept of high energy materials in simple language and down-to-earth examples - Worked examples and problems are given wherever required - Demystifies the concept of explosives - Limited use of big and complex equations - Questions and Suggested Reading are given at the end of each chapter
Author: Jozef Jarosinski
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0849384095
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Extensively using experimental and numerical illustrations, CombustionPhenomena: Selected Mechanisms of Flame Formation, Propagation, and Extinction provides a comprehensive survey of the fundamental processes of flame formation, propagation, and extinction. Taking you through the stages of combustion, leading experts visually display, mathematically explain, and clearly theorize on important physical topics of combustion. After a historical introduction to the field, they discuss combustion chemistry, flammability limits, and spark ignition. They also study counterflow twin-flame configuration, flame in a vortex core, the propagation characteristics of edge flames, instabilities, and tulip flames. In addition, the book describes flame extinction in narrow channels, global quenching of premixed flames by turbulence, counterflow premixed flame extinction limits, the interaction of flames with fluids in rotating vessels, and turbulent flames. The final chapter explores diffusion flames as well as combustion in spark- and compression-ignition engines. It also examines the transition from deflagration to detonation, along with the detonation wave structure. With downloadable resources of images that beautifully illustrate a range of combustion phenomena, this book facilitates a practical understanding of the processes occurring in the conception, spread, and extinguishment of a flame. It will help you on your way to finding solutions to real issues encountered in transportation, power generation, industrial processes, chemical engineering, and fire and explosion hazards.
Author: Lee Davison
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540745696
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 439
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Book Description
My intent in writing this book is to present an introduction to the thermo- chanical theory required to conduct research and pursue applications of shock physics in solid materials. Emphasis is on the range of moderate compression that can be produced by high-velocity impact or detonation of chemical exp- sives and in which elastoplastic responses are observed and simple equations of state are applicable. In the interest of simplicity, the presentation is restricted to plane waves producing uniaxial deformation. Although applications often - volve complex multidimensional deformation fields it is necessary to begin with the simpler case. This is also the most important case because it is the usual setting of experimental research. The presentation is also restricted to theories of material response that are simple enough to permit illustrative problems to be solved with minimal recourse to numerical analysis. The discussions are set in the context of established continuum-mechanical principles. I have endeavored to define the quantities encountered with some care and to provide equations in several convenient forms and in a way that lends itself to easy reference. Thermodynamic analysis plays an important role in continuum mechanics, and I have included a presentation of aspects of this subject that are particularly relevant to shock physics. The notation adopted is that conventional in expositions of modern continuum mechanics, insofar as possible, and variables are explained as they are encountered. Those experienced in shock physics may find some of the notation unconventional.
Author: M.Y. Hussaini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461228840
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 668
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Book Description
The Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineer ing (ICASE) and NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) brought together on October 2-4, 1989 experts in the various areas of com bustion with a view to expose them to some combustion problems of technological interest to LaRC and possibly foster interaction with the academic community in these research areas. The top ics chosen for this purpose were flame structure, flame stability, flame holding/extinction, chemical kinetics, turbulence-kinetics in teraction, transition to detonation, and reacting free shear layers. The lead paper set the stage by discussing the status and issues of supersonic combustion relevant to scramjet engine. Then the ex perts were called upon i) to review the current status of knowledge in the aforementioned ;:I. reas, ii) to focus on how this knowledge can be extended and applied to high-speed combustion, and iii) to suggest future directions of research in these areas. Each topic was then dealt with in a position paper followed by formal discussion papers and a general discussion involving the participants. The position papers discussed the state-of-the-art with an emphasis on key issues that needed to be resolved in the near future. The discussion papers crit ically examined these issues and filled in any lacunae therein. The edited versions of the general discussions in the form of questions from the audience and answers from the speakers are included wher ever possible to give the reader the flavor of the lively interactions that took place.
