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Author: Yi-Wei Lin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brick walls
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
This doctoral study investigated the use of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) shotcrete, a sprayable fibre reinforced mortar that exhibits a strain-hardening characteristic, for the seismic strengthening of unreinforced masonry structures. Additionally, the feasibility of utilising ECC shotcrete as a chloride resistant cover concrete to improve the service life of reinforced concrete structures was examined. A series of laboratory tests quantified the ECC shotcrete tensile characteristic properties using a new technique, with the results adopted for the structural analysis and design of ECC strengthened walls. Subsequent laboratory testing defined the chloride diffusion coefficients of multiple ECC mix designs, indicating that increased fly ash content significantly improved the chloride resistance. Life cycle modelling showed that assuming an uncracked state throughout the structure service life, replacement of the investigated 40 MPa concrete with the best performing ECC shotcrete mix for steel reinforcement cover could provide a service life extension of up to 42 years. Testing of 25 clay brick wallettes subjected to in-plane loading showed that ECC application increased wall capacity by up to 5.1 times their as-built state. Masonry wall thickness and ECC overlay thickness were the key parameters affecting strengthened clay brick wall performance. Testing of 26 concrete block masonry wallettes determined the effect of ECC applicator skill and application method on wall performance, with strength reduction factors introduced to account for this effect. Using the experimental results, an in-plane masonry wall strengthening design procedure was proposed. Testing of five ECC strengthened clay brick masonry walls subjected to out-of-plane loading showed a 12.7 times strength increase when ECC overlay was applied to the wall tensile surface and a strength increase of 3.4 times when ECC overlay and near surface mounted steel reinforcement was applied to the wall compression surface. Strengthened wall capacity was predicted using existing concrete flexural design methodologies, and design procedures for out-of-plane strengthening of clay brick masonry walls were proposed. An ECC shotcrete based seismic strengthening design was developed for a 1917 two-storey in-service unreinforced masonry building utilising the material properties and design methodologies defined in this doctoral study. No significant application issues were identified during the implementation process, and the current results support the use of ECC as a seismic strengthening system for masonry buildings.
Author: Yi-Wei Lin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Brick walls
Languages : en
Pages : 279
Get Book Here
Book Description
This doctoral study investigated the use of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) shotcrete, a sprayable fibre reinforced mortar that exhibits a strain-hardening characteristic, for the seismic strengthening of unreinforced masonry structures. Additionally, the feasibility of utilising ECC shotcrete as a chloride resistant cover concrete to improve the service life of reinforced concrete structures was examined. A series of laboratory tests quantified the ECC shotcrete tensile characteristic properties using a new technique, with the results adopted for the structural analysis and design of ECC strengthened walls. Subsequent laboratory testing defined the chloride diffusion coefficients of multiple ECC mix designs, indicating that increased fly ash content significantly improved the chloride resistance. Life cycle modelling showed that assuming an uncracked state throughout the structure service life, replacement of the investigated 40 MPa concrete with the best performing ECC shotcrete mix for steel reinforcement cover could provide a service life extension of up to 42 years. Testing of 25 clay brick wallettes subjected to in-plane loading showed that ECC application increased wall capacity by up to 5.1 times their as-built state. Masonry wall thickness and ECC overlay thickness were the key parameters affecting strengthened clay brick wall performance. Testing of 26 concrete block masonry wallettes determined the effect of ECC applicator skill and application method on wall performance, with strength reduction factors introduced to account for this effect. Using the experimental results, an in-plane masonry wall strengthening design procedure was proposed. Testing of five ECC strengthened clay brick masonry walls subjected to out-of-plane loading showed a 12.7 times strength increase when ECC overlay was applied to the wall tensile surface and a strength increase of 3.4 times when ECC overlay and near surface mounted steel reinforcement was applied to the wall compression surface. Strengthened wall capacity was predicted using existing concrete flexural design methodologies, and design procedures for out-of-plane strengthening of clay brick masonry walls were proposed. An ECC shotcrete based seismic strengthening design was developed for a 1917 two-storey in-service unreinforced masonry building utilising the material properties and design methodologies defined in this doctoral study. No significant application issues were identified during the implementation process, and the current results support the use of ECC as a seismic strengthening system for masonry buildings.
Author: Jordan Gandia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Blast loads on buildings can originate from accidental explosions or from targeted attacks. Design against blast loads has become an increasingly important topic due to the current political climate. Unfortunately, many older buildings are constructed with unreinforced masonry (URM) walls which are particularly susceptible to out of plane failures caused by blast loads. One solution to increase the safety of these buildings is to retrofit them with advanced materials that can increase their out-of-plane stiffness and resistance. This thesis investigates the potential of using a high-performance shotcrete as a retrofit system for URM walls against blast effects. The shotcrete used in this study is made from Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC), a special type of fiber-reinforced cementitious material, with high ductility and high energy-absorption capacity. The ECC shotcrete replaces aggregates with synthetic microfibers to increase tensile strength and ductility. A welded wire mesh was embedded in the shotcrete to provide ductile behavior. The testing program includes a total of six large-scale unreinforced masonry wall specimens. Two walls were constructed using concrete masonry unit (CMU) blocks to be retrofitted. The first specimen was built as an infill wall, experiencing no axial load, while the second specimen was built as a load bearing wall, with 10% axial load. Four more walls were built out of stone blocks. Two of the stone walls were controls: one infill and one load bearing (4% axial load). The other two stone walls were retrofit with the shotcrete system: one infill and one load bearing (4% axial load). The blast loads were simulated using the University of Ottawa's Shock Tube. The walls were restrained at the top and bottom with a shear restraint to induce one way bending. Pressure, displacement and strain data were acquired with the use of pressure gauges, LVDT's, strain gauges and cameras. The specimens were subjected to gradually increasing blast pressures until failure. The performance of the specimens was observed by analyzing the displacement, crack widths, fragmentation and failure mode. The results indicate the benefits of using ECC shotcrete as a retrofit system. The displacements of the retrofit walls were very small compared to the control walls, and fragments were limited. The specimens with axial load were found to have increased resistance. While the failure mode was brittle for the retrofit walls, this can be avoided with the use of a mesh with a larger area of steel. A SDOF analysis was performed to predict the blast response of the test walls. The analysis was done by generating resistance functions for the walls through analytical models. The analysis was found to agree reasonably well with the experimental data.
Author: Jan Kubica
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000225577
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 1097
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Book Description
Brick and Block Masonry - From Historical to Sustainable Masonry contains the keynote and semi-keynote lectures and all accepted regular papers presented online during the 17th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference IB2MaC (Kraków, Poland, July 5-8, 2020). Masonry is one of the oldest structures, with more than 6,000 years of history. However, it is still one of the most popular and traditional building materials, showing new and more attractive features and uses. Modern masonry, based on new and modified traditional materials and solutions, offers a higher quality of life, energy savings and more sustainable development. Hence, masonry became a more environmentally friendly building structure. Brick and Block Masonry - From Historical to Sustainable Masonry focuses on historical, current and new ideas related to masonry development, and will provide a very good platform for sharing knowledge and experiences, and for learning about new materials and technologies related to masonry structures. The book will be a valuable compendium of knowledge for researchers, representatives of industry and building management, for curators and conservators of monuments, and for students.
Author: Stefan Bernard
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 020384937X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
Over the last twenty years we have witnessed a revolution in ground stabilization in both underground and above-ground applications, thanks largely to the widespread adoption of shotcrete as a medium for support. Shotcrete technology continues to evolve and improve as its utilization increases. From relatively obscure and sporadic beginnings, it ha
Author: Osvaldo Gervasi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030588203
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1035
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Book Description
The seven volumes LNCS 12249-12255 constitute the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, ICCSA 2020, held in Cagliari, Italy, in July 2020. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was organized in an online event. Computational Science is the main pillar of most of the present research, industrial and commercial applications, and plays a unique role in exploiting ICT innovative technologies. The 466 full papers and 32 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 1450 submissions. Apart from the general track, ICCSA 2020 also include 52 workshops, in various areas of computational sciences, ranging from computational science technologies, to specific areas of computational sciences, such as software engineering, security, machine learning and artificial intelligence, blockchain technologies, and of applications in many fields.
Author: Claudio Modena
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315342669
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 4087
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Book Description
Brick and Block Masonry - Trends, Innovations and Challenges contains the lectures and regular papers presented at the 16th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference (Padova, Italy, 26-30 June 2016). The contributions cover major topics: - Analysis of masonry structures - Bond of composites to masonry - Building physics and durability - Case studies - Codes and standards - Conservation of historic buildings - Earthen constructions - Eco-materials and sustainability - Fire resistance, blasts, and impacts - Masonry bridges, arches and vaults - Masonry infill walls and RC frames - Masonry materials and testing - Masonry repair and strengthening - New construction techniques and technologies - Reinforced and confined masonry - Seismic performance and vulnerability assessment In an ever-changing world, in which innovations are rapidly implemented but soon surpassed, the challenge for masonry, the oldest and most traditional building material, is that it can address the increasingly pressing requirements of quality of living, safety, and sustainability. This abstracts volume and full paper USB device, focusing on challenges, innovations, trends and ideas related to masonry, in both research and building practice, will proof to be a valuable source of information for researchers and practitioners, masonry industries and building management authorities, construction professionals and educators.
Author: B. B. Das
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811684332
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 820
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Book Description
This book includes selected papers from the International Conference on Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure (ICRDSI-2020) and consists of themes pertaining to structural engineering and construction technology and management.
Author: Kaustubh Dasgupta
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030551156
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 959
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Book Description
This book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 1st International Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction Management (SECON’20), held in Angamaly, Kerala, India, on 14-15 May 2020. The meeting served as a fertile platform for discussion, sharing sound knowledge and introducing novel ideas on issues related to sustainable construction and design for the future. The respective contributions address various aspects of numerical modeling and simulation in structural engineering, structural dynamics and earthquake engineering, advanced analysis and design of foundations, BIM, building energy management, and technical project management. Accordingly, the book offers a valuable, up-to-date tool and essential overview of the subject for scientists and practitioners alike, and will inspire further investigations and research.
Author: Pedro Serna
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030584828
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1180
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Book Description
This volume highlights the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) and discusses a diverse range of topics concerning FRC: rheology and early-age properties, mechanical properties, codes and standards, long-term properties, durability, analytical and numerical models, quality control, structural and Industrial applications, smart FRC’s, nanotechnologies related to FRC, textile reinforced concrete, structural design and UHPFRC. The contributions present improved traditional and new ideas that will open novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration between different specialists. Although the symposium was postponed, the book gathers peer-reviewed papers selected in 2020 for the RILEM-fib International Symposium on Fibre Reinforced Concrete (BEFIB).
Author: Shamsher Bahadur Singh
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811616884
Category : Building materials
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
This book introduces different advanced composite materials used in construction of civil engineering infrastructures. It reflects the latest manufacturing processes and applications in the civil structures. This book also includes test cases and its validation with finite element method using computer software. Moreover, the book also deals with design methodology of advanced composite materials based on different applications. The comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research on the composite materials presented herein is of interest to scientists, researchers, students and engineers, and practitioners in general working in area of innovative composite materials and structures. This book is also helpful for Ph.D. research scholars for developing their fundamental understanding on advanced materials, and it is also appropriate for master and undergraduate level courses on composite materials.
