Strategies to facilitate sharing of technology and knowledge through WHO COVID-19 Technology Access Pool PDF Download
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Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240073957
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240073957
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 50
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher: WIPO
ISBN: 9280523082
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
This study has emerged from an ongoing program of trilateral cooperation between WHO, WTO and WIPO. It responds to an increasing demand, particularly in developing countries, for strengthened capacity for informed policy-making in areas of intersection between health, trade and IP, focusing on access to and innovation of medicines and other medical technologies.
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240036342
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240011870
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
Author: Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Publisher: Stylus Publishing, LLC
ISBN: 9213585683
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
This report examines the role that national institutional and governance innovations and changes that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic can play in advancing progress towards the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The consequences of the pandemic threaten to derail progress and make the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) more difficult to achieve. Yet the pandemic also sparked rapid innovation in government institutions and public administration that could be capitalized on. Against this backdrop, the report focuses on how governments can reshape their relationship with people and other actors to enhance trust and promote the changes required for more sustainable and peaceful societies. How they can assess competing priorities and address difficult policy trade-offs that have emerged since 2020. And what assets and innovations they can mobilize to transform the public sector and achieve the SDGs. The e-book for this publication has been converted into an accessible format for the visually impaired and people with print reading disabilities. It is fully compatible with leading screen-reader technologies such as JAWS and NVDA.
Author: Chetan Keswani
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040144675
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
Intellectual Property Issues in Life Sciences: Disputes and Controversies highlights emerging legal, social, and regulatory issues pertaining to various areas of life sciences. Patents occupy a prominent position in the innovation systems in the life sciences, but to what extent they support, or hinder innovation is widely disputed. Life science is a broad subject including agriculture, ecology, microbiology, plant and animal sciences, health and diseases, biotechnology, etc. However, despite the broad applications of biotechnology and molecular biology techniques, profits on investments are surprisingly low. Thus, it is vitally important for universities, public research organizations, and private enterprises to protect their innovations. There are vast differences of opinion on patentability of living organisms, which are largely barred from patent protection. However, mind-sets are rapidly shifting and IP issues in life sciences are receiving increasing attention. To compete with progressive bio-based economies the developing countries are amending their IP laws to encourage investment. An effort has been made to avoid considering policy in isolation, but rather to emphasize the interplay between the policy mix, the wider institutional setting, market forces, and system organization solutions. Both empirical and conceptual chapters are included to bring them together and to yield facts and interpretations for the readers. This book presents expert opinions by frontier academicians, researchers, and attorneys on the recent challenges in the rapidly evolving life science industry. The present book offers comprehensive knowledge on the contemporary issues in life sciences to a wide range of audiences including students, scholars, researchers, legal practitioners, policymakers, and others interested in emerging intellectual property issues. Features The only compilation available on the contemporary intellectual property issues in life sciences in the post-COVID era. Focuses on the commercial, regulatory, bioethical, and socio-legal implications of patents in life sciences. Describes an integrated approach for sustained innovations in various areas of life sciences. Discusses the recent IP controversies in a pan-global context. Presents viewpoints to front-line practitioners, viz attorneys, researchers, etc.
Author: Atangcho N Akonumbo
Publisher: Pretoria University Law Press
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 545
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Book Description
Intellectual property, trade, human rights and access to medicines in Africa: A reader by Atangcho N Akonumbo explores the current debates and conflicts pertaining to intellectual property (IP), trade and access to medicines in Africa as a public health issue, in a public health context. The Reader has a broad focus running across fourteen chapters. It examines the complex web of access to medicines, while introducing major concepts pertaining to access to medicines such as IP, trade, medicine and human rights, and provides a historical overview of the nexus between IP and human rights. It establishes the link between human rights, IP and access to medicines within the context of developing countries broadly and Africa in particular. The Reader discusses key flexibilities within the international IP framework championed by the TRIPS Agreement to enhance access to medicines, including compulsory licensing and parallel importation, while addressing impediments therein which provoked the Doha Declaration and arrangements thereafter. Also, it examines issues such as the implications of data exclusivity and linkage techniques; the role of anti-counterfeiting and competition laws in checking the effect of IP regimes; current threats to access to medicines at the international, regional and national levels such as the influence of regional or bilateral trade agreements; and research and development in respect of medicines for neglected and (re)emerging infectious diseases. It discusses the contributions of naturopathic and traditional medicines as parallel and complementary systems to modern medicine in the access to medicines landscape in the African context. The Reader further addresses the implications of the difficulty of access to medicines for women, children and other social minorities such as disabled persons and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) persons. This Reader comes at a critical time, and potentially, a turning point in the history of public health crisis in Africa – when concerns about access to medicines have been heightened in the face of (re)emerging diseases and today the Covid-19 pandemic – a situation which has revealed gross lapses in public health governance. It is written in a simple language, making its content accessible to a wide audience. It contains informative and useful graphs, text boxes and illustrative excerpts from various primary and secondary sources. The Reader is likely to become an invaluable tool for a wide range of persons and institutions, including academics, students, legal practitioners, health professionals, drug procurement agencies, civil society organisations and the public at large, involved or interested in the access to medicines discourse.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9240097899
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 64
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Book Description
This report provides an overview of the second World Local Production Forum, held from November 6 to 8, 2023, in The Hague, Netherlands (Kingdom of the). Organized by the WHO Local Production and Assistance Unit, the World Local Production Forum Secretariat, and hosted by the Netherlands (Kingdom of the), the forum featured dynamic discussions and productive exchanges. The event fostered global coordination, partnerships and collective actions through plenary sessions, panel discussions, workshops, showcases, interactive participation from the audience and networking opportunities.
Author: World Bank;World Trade Organization
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464818886
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
The COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic has exposed the upsides and downsides of international trade in medical goods and services. Open trade can increase access to medical services and goods—and the critical inputs needed to manufacture them—improve quality and variety, and reduce costs. However, excessive concentration of production, restrictive trade policies, supply chain disruptions, and regulatory divergence can jeopardize the ability of public health systems to respond to pandemics and other health crises. Trade Therapy: Deepening Cooperation to Strengthen Pandemic Defenses, coordinated by Nadia Rocha and Michele Ruta at the World Bank and Marc Bacchetta and Joscelyn Magdeleine at the World Trade Organization, provides new data on trade in medical goods and services and medical value chains, surveys the evolving policy landscape before and during the pandemic, and proposes an action plan to improve trade policies and deepen international cooperation to deal with future pandemics. As the COVID-19 pandemic lingers, the focus of policy action is on the response, which includes actions aimed at removing bottlenecks and providing government support to promote equitable access to vaccines. As the emergency subsides, the focus should shift to prevention and preparedness. Steps to close information gaps—building on the Multilateral Leaders Task Force on COVID-19, the ACT-Accelerator, and the open markets, for example—by negotiating tariff reductions on medical goods and greater market access in services should take priority. Also important are measures to improve the efficiency of markets, which include harmonizing regulation through mutual recognition or equivalence of standards and creating international standards for essential medical goods, inputs, and production processes. Agreement on a crisis rulebook to be deployed during an emergency—including clear and agreed limits on export policy flexibility and shared rules on intellectual property flexibilities—would provide a more solid policy foundation to address future challenges.
Author: Marks, Stephen P.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1781005974
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
This collection addresses human rights and development for researchers, policymakers and activists at a time of major challenges. ÔCritical issuesÕ in the title signifies both the urgency of the issues and the need for critical rethinking. After exploring the overarching issues of development and economic theory, gender, climate change and disability, the book focuses on issues of technology and trade, education and information, water and sanitation, and work, health, housing and food.
