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Author: Gerard Moran
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781846824302
Category : Assisted emigration
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Between 1800 and 1914, over eight million people emigrated from Ireland. While the majority paid their own passage or had the fares paid by relations and friends in North America, there was a sizeable group who could not afford to leave. This book looks at the 300,000 emigrants who went to North America from 19th-century Ireland and who had their fares paid by the British government, landlords, poor law unions, and philanthropists. Most of these emigrants were among the poorest people in Ireland: workhouse paupers, landless laborers, single women, or those living in the congested board areas where they encountered perennial destitution and near famine conditions. They were often regarded as 'permanent deadweight' who could contribute little to their future well-being and would be better off in North America or the colonies. Most of the assisted emigrants experienced harsh conditions in North America. While some were well cared for, such as the Peter Robinson settlers to Ontario between 1823 and 1835, and the Tuke emigrants who were encouraged to settle in Canada and the mid-western states of the US in the 1880s, others had more difficult encounters. Those who were assisted by landlords, such as the marquis of Lansdowne and Lord Palmerston, were sent to Quebec, New York, and St. John and had to look after themselves from the time of disembarkation. Many of the assisted emigrants settled in Five Points in New York, where they lived in squalid conditions, but through perseverance and hard work they bettered themselves. The majority of these emigrants were happy to leave Ireland in the hope of a better life in North America.
Author: Gerard Moran
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781846824302
Category : Assisted emigration
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Between 1800 and 1914, over eight million people emigrated from Ireland. While the majority paid their own passage or had the fares paid by relations and friends in North America, there was a sizeable group who could not afford to leave. This book looks at the 300,000 emigrants who went to North America from 19th-century Ireland and who had their fares paid by the British government, landlords, poor law unions, and philanthropists. Most of these emigrants were among the poorest people in Ireland: workhouse paupers, landless laborers, single women, or those living in the congested board areas where they encountered perennial destitution and near famine conditions. They were often regarded as 'permanent deadweight' who could contribute little to their future well-being and would be better off in North America or the colonies. Most of the assisted emigrants experienced harsh conditions in North America. While some were well cared for, such as the Peter Robinson settlers to Ontario between 1823 and 1835, and the Tuke emigrants who were encouraged to settle in Canada and the mid-western states of the US in the 1880s, others had more difficult encounters. Those who were assisted by landlords, such as the marquis of Lansdowne and Lord Palmerston, were sent to Quebec, New York, and St. John and had to look after themselves from the time of disembarkation. Many of the assisted emigrants settled in Five Points in New York, where they lived in squalid conditions, but through perseverance and hard work they bettered themselves. The majority of these emigrants were happy to leave Ireland in the hope of a better life in North America.
Author: John O'Connor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
The workhouse was the most dreaded and feared institution in Ireland. The workhouse system of poor relief was imposed on the Irish people in spite of the opposition of Catholic and Protestant, landlord and labourer. Everyone predicted it would not work- and it did not work. During the famine years countless thousands died within the workhouse walls. Even more, denied admission, died outside. This book traces the workhouse system from its introduction to its phasing out. It makes an unique contribution to our understanding of the social history of Ireland. -- Publisher description.
Author: Jonathan Swift
Publisher: Modernista
ISBN: 9180949193
Category : Literary Collections
Languages : en
Pages : 14
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Book Description
In one of the most powerful and darkly satirical works of the 18th century, a chilling solution is proposed to address the dire poverty and overpopulation plaguing Ireland. Jonathan Swift presents a shockingly calculated and seemingly rational argument for using the children of the poor as a food source, thereby addressing both the economic burden on society and the issue of hunger. This provocative piece is a masterful example of irony and social criticism, as it exposes the cruel attitudes and policies of the British ruling class towards the Irish populace. Jonathan Swift's incisive critique not only underscores the absurdity of the proposed solution but also serves as a profound commentary on the exploitation and mistreatment of the oppressed. A Modest Proposal remains a quintessential example of satirical literature, its biting wit and moral indignation as relevant today as it was at the time of its publication. JONATHAN SWIFT [1667-1745] was an Anglo-Irish author, poet, and satirist. His deadpan satire led to the coining of the term »Swiftian«, describing satire of similarly ironic writing style. He is most famous for the novel Gulliver’s Travels [1726] and the essay A Modest Proposal [1729].
Author: Hidetaka Hirota
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019061921X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
Expelling the Poor argues that immigration policies in nineteenth-century New York and Massachusetts, driven by cultural prejudice against the Irish and more fundamentally by economic concerns about their poverty, laid the foundations for American immigration control.
Author: Tom Garvin
Publisher: Gill & Macmillan Ltd
ISBN: 0717163598
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
Between the years of the mid-thirties through to 1960, independent Ireland suffered from economic stagnation, and also went through a period of intense cultural and psychological repression. While external circumstances account for much of the stagnation – especially the depression of the thirties and the Second World War – Preventing the Future argues that the situation was aggravated by internal circumstances. The key domestic factor was the failure to extend higher and technical education and training to larger sections of the population. This derived from political stalemates in a small country which derived in turn from the power of the Catholic Church, the strength of the small-farm community, the ideological wish to preserve an older society and, later, gerontocratic tendencies in the political elites and in society as a whole. While economic growth did accelerate after 1960, the political stand-off over mass education resulted in large numbers of young people being denied preparation for life in the modern world and, arguably, denied Ireland a sufficient supply of trained labour and educated citizens. Ireland's Celtic Tiger of the nineties was in great part driven by a new and highly educated and technically trained workforce. The political stalemates of the forties and fifties delayed the initial, incomplete take-off until the sixties and resulted in the Tiger arriving nearly a generation later than it might have.
Author: Virginia Crossman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780716530893
Category : Ireland
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book is a ground-breaking history of poverty and welfare in modern Ireland, in the era of the Irish poor law. As the first study to address poor relief and health care together, the book fills an important gap, providing a much-needed introduction and assessment of the evolution of social welfare in 19th- and early 20th-century Ireland. The collection also addresses a number of related issues, including private philanthropy, the attitudes of landowners towards poor relief, and the crisis of the poor law during the Great Famine of 1845-1850. Together, these interlinking contributions both survey current research and suggest new areas for investigation, providing further stimulus to the growing field of Irish welfare history.
Author: Christine Kinealy
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315513471
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
The Great Irish Famine remains one of the most lethal famines in modern world history and a watershed moment in the development of modern Ireland – socially, politically, demographically and culturally. In the space of only four years, Ireland lost twenty-five per cent of its population as a consequence of starvation, disease and large-scale emigration. Certain aspects of the Famine remain contested and controversial, for example the issue of the British government’s culpability, proselytism, and the reception of emigrants. However, recent historiographical focus on this famine has overshadowed the impact of other periods of subsistence crisis, both before 1845 and after 1852. This volume seeks to counterbalance the recent historiographical focus on the Great Irish Famine which has overshadowed the impact of other periods of subsistence crisis, both before 1845 and after 1852. As occurred during the Great Famine, they often resulted in increased levels of evictions, emigration, disease and death, although the scale was lower.
Author: Gerard Moran
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131551348X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
The Great Irish Famine remains one of the most lethal famines in modern world history and a watershed moment in the development of modern Ireland – socially, politically, demographically and culturally. In the space of only four years, Ireland lost twenty-five per cent of its population as a consequence of starvation, disease and large-scale emigration. Certain aspects of the Famine remain contested and controversial, for example the issue of the British government’s culpability, proselytism, and the reception of emigrants. However, recent historiographical focus on this famine has overshadowed the impact of other periods of subsistence crisis, both before 1845 and after 1852. This volume examines how the failure of the potato crop in the late 1840s led to the mass exodus of 2.1 million people between 1845 and 1855. They left for destinations as close as Britain and as far as the United States, Canada and Australia, and heralded an era of mass migration which saw another 4.5 million leave for foreign destinations over the next half-century. How they left, how they settled in the host countries and their experiences with the local populations are as wide and varied as the numbers who left and, using extensive primary sources, this volume analyses and assesses this in the context of the emigrants themselves and in the new countries they moved.
Author: Peter Gray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Peter Gray presents a complete scholarly account of the origins and introduction of the poor law in Ireland.
Author: Graham Davis
Publisher: The History Press
ISBN: 075247460X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 214
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Book Description
In Search of a Better Life challenges the traditional histories of British and Irish migration, the stories of oppression and exile that form an essential part of the existing literature. By no means were all migrants forced to leave their country by circumstances; many looked forward to a better life abroad. They were largely opportunists rather than victims, whether financed by the state or by landlords or philanthropists, or, as was the case for the majority, by themselves or their families. This was a huge movement of people that formed part of a European exodus to the New World. In placing British and Irish migration alongside each other, there is recognition of the commonalities among both sets of emigrants that will surprise many readers. The poor condition of labourers in 1840s Dorset and Wiltshire were akin to those found in County Cork during the Famine years. British and Irish emigrants were commonly found on the same ships en route to the Americas and Australasia, both settling in predominantly English-speaking countries. With case studies by a variety of contributors, set within the broader context of current scholarship, this compilation features new research on a popular subject which still resonates today. It will prove particularly useful for family historians.
