Author: Keith H. Lloyd
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmosphere, Upper
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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The paper presents the results of observations on a series of releases of barium neutral atoms and ions in the upper atmosphere. One release, at 195 km, is discussed in detail. Because of the effect of winds and the earth's magnetic field on the ionized cloud, the neutral and ionized clouds drifted apart. The diffusion and descent of the neutral cloud allowed estimates of the atmospheric density and scale height to be made; the ratio of the ambipolar diffusion to the neutral diffusion coefficient of the ionized cloud yields the temperature of the atmospheric electrons. These values agree very well with the COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere. The observed drift and descent of the ionized cloud can be explained satisfactorily only if there is an electric field in the atmosphere of 1.1 x 10-3 volts m-1. The ambipolar diffusion perpendicular to the earth's magnetic field was much faster than predicted from molecular diffusion theory, and could be due to a 'Bohm' diffusion caused by plasma instabilities. (Author).
Author: Keith H. Lloyd
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric circulation
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The paper presents the results of observations on a series of releases of barium neutral atoms and ions in the upper atmosphere. One release, at 195 km, is discussed in detail. Because of the effect of winds and the earth's magnetic field on the ionized cloud, the neutral and ionized clouds drifted apart. The diffusion and descent of the neutral cloud allowed estimates of the atmospheric density and scale height to be made; the ratio of the ambipolar diffusion to the neutral diffusion coefficient of the ionized cloud yields the temperature of the atmospheric electrons. These values agree very well with the COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere. The observed drift and descent of the ionized cloud can be explained satisfactorily only if there is an electric field in the atmosphere of 1.1 x 10-3 volts m-1. The ambipolar diffusion perpendicular to the earth's magnetic field was much faster than predicted from molecular diffusion theory, and could be due to a 'Bohm' diffusion caused by plasma instabilities. (Author)
Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1264
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 892
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Environmental geology
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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ISBN:
Category : Cosmic physics
Languages : en
Pages : 1190
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1352
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Author: Defense Documentation Center (U.S.)
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ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 784
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Author: J.A. Bleeker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401003203
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1819
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Book Description
One of the most attractive features of the young discipline of Space Science is that many of the original pioneers and key players involved are still available to describe their field. Hence, at this point in history we are in a unique position to gain first-hand insight into the field and its development. To this end, The Century of Space Science, a scholarly, authoritative, reference book presents a chapter-by-chapter retrospective of space science as studied in the 20th century. The level is academic and focuses on key discoveries, how these were arrived at, their scientific consequences and how these discoveries advanced the thoughts of the key players involved. With over 90 world-class contributors, such as James Van Allen, Cornelis de Jager, Eugene Parker, Reimar Lüst, and Ernst Stuhlinger, and with a Foreword by Lodewijk Woltjer (past ESO Director General), this book will be immensely useful to readers in the fields of space science, astronomy, and the history of science. Both academic institutions and researchers will find that this major reference work makes an invaluable addition to their collection.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224
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