Author: Carlos Eduardo Santiago Bedê
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : pt-BR
Pages : 72
Get Book Here
Book Description
Este estudo visa apresentar as possibilidades e potencialidades do uso do Cadastro Técnico Multifinalitário (CTM) em unidades de conservação (UC) federais, de forma a promover um melhor planejamento ambiental das ações de conservação e gestão do bem público. A princípio, quase todas as UCs previstas na Lei do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (Snuc) Lei nð 9.985/2000 devem possuir a posse da terra sob domínio público. Em muitas persiste, há décadas o problema da regularização fundiária e inexiste um planejamento de ações indenizatórias para as propriedades no interior das UCs que requerem definição de posse legal. O CTM pode ser um instrumento fundamental no auxílio à legalização da posse de terras e fortalecer a instituição gestora na transparência pública dos processos indenizatórios. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas aspotencialidades que o CTM como instrumento de gestão ambiental da UC pode oferecer quanto às necessidades de planejamento ambiental da área como um todo e os benefícios que seu uso pode ter no plano de manejo e na definição de outras formas de zoneamento.
Author: Luís Augusto Barbosa Cortez
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788521205302
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 994
Get Book Here
Book Description
In Brazil, sugarcane ethanol supplied, in 2009, 17.6 % of the energy for land transportation (excluding railroads)and about 55% of the total energy supplied by liquid fuel for Otto cycle engines. Besides the lower production costs ethanol produced from sugarcane in Brazil has another important advantage: in Central-South Brazil only 1 unit of fossil energy is used for each 8-9 units of energy produced by ethanol from sugarcane. Carbon emissions reduction also benefits from sugarcane ethanol: for each cubic meter of ethanol used as fuel, there is net saving of around 2 t CO2 not emitted to the atmosphere while, at the same time, no SO2 is emitted. Sugarcane was introduced in Brazil in 1532. The "Brazilian model" of producing concomitantly sugar and ethanol, brought important technical benefits and made possible an outstanding increase in the competitiveness in the international market for sugar and ethanol. Today about 50% of the sucrose of sugarcane produced in the country is directed to the production of sugar while another half is used to produce Ethanol. Industrial and academic R&D has helped to increase the productivity of ethanol steadily over the past 35 years, at a rate of 3.2% per year. Productivity gains implied savings of planted area by a factor of 2.6. In 2009/2010 the area planted with sugarcane for Ethanol production was 4.2 Mha, amounting to 1% of the total arable land available in Brazil. About 60% of the Ethanol produced in Brazil comes from the State of Sao Paulo, where the productivity is the highest (around 86 t/ha.year). Most of the recent expansion is happening in the center-west region of the country, in degraded pasture lands. The FAPESP Program for Research on Bioenergy, BIOEN, aims at articulating public and private R&D, using academic and industrial laboratories to advance and apply knowledge in fields related to ethanol production in Brazil. The BIOEN Program has a solid core for supporting academic exploratory research activities that will generate new knowledge and form scientists and professionals essential for advancing industry capacity in ethanol related technologies. On top of this, BIOEN includes partnerships with industry for cooperative R&D activities between industrial and academic laboratories, which are to be co-funded by FAPESP and industry.Federal agencies, such as CNPq, will also co-fund the research.
Author: Solar Energy Information Data Bank (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural processing
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Get Book Here
Book Description
Decision to produce; Markets and uses; Market assessment; Prodution potential; Equipment selection; Financial requirements; Decision and planning workssheets; Basic ethanol production; Preparation of feedstocks, Fermentation; Distillation; Types of feedstocks; Coproduct yields; Agronomic considerations; Plant design; Overall plant considerations; Process control; Representative ethanol plant; Maintenance checklist; Business plan; Analysis of financial requirements; Organizational form; Financing; Case study; Summary of legislation; Bureau of alcohol, tabacco, and firearms permit information; Enviromental considerations.
Author: Rajeev Pratap Singh
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789811331800
Category : Water conservation
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Water - a basic element of life, livelihood, food security and sustainable development - holds the key to global sustainability. The global water demand has been increased 3-fold in the past five decades and only 0.4% of the total world's fresh water resources is available and accessible for use. The United Nations projected that half of all countries will face water scarcity by 2025 and more than one-third of the world's population could be affected by water stress by 2050. The water problem is rapidly intensifying in the Asian region, and around 700 million people do not have access to safe drinking water. Similarly, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, by 2050, more than one billion people in Asia alone are projected to experience negative impacts on water resources as a result of climate change. Climate change is also putting extra pressure on and adversely affecting the global water cycle, leading to irregular precipitation, more floods and droughts and creating an imbalance between water supply and demand. The availability of safe water is a major global concern due to the rapidly increasing population, urbanization, unsustainable consumption patterns, and rapid shifts in land use. It is believed that reduced access to freshwater will have cascading consequences that will pose threat to global food security, livelihood security, and cause large scale migration and economic and geopolitical tensions. As such, strategies for water conservation, wastewater reuse and recycling should be adopted in order to lessen the gap between supply and demand for water for different activities. This book provides readers with a better understanding of the water security challenges, and presents innovations to address these challenges, strengthen the science-policy interface, and develop institutional and human capacities for water security and sustainability.
