Author: Bharath Raghavan
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783844314991
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nonwoven fibrous media with nanofibers have significant filtration applications in automotive, chemical, transportation, power generation and pharmaceutical/biological industries. Nanofibers have higher capture efficiencies in comparison to microfibers in the submicron particle size range of 100 - 500 nm because of smaller fiber diameter and increased surface area of the fibers. Nanofibers are in the slip flow regime as a consequence of which steep increase in pressure drop is considerably reduced due to slip effect. The economic benefits of using nanofiber filter media are improved filter performance and compact filters. Electrospinning process was used to fabricate polymer and ceramic nanofibers. The electrospun polymer nanofibers were added to the nonwoven fibrous media to improve filter performance for air filtration. This improved filter performance was in consistent with numerical modeling. This book describes the experimental and modeling results of particle loading on fibrous media and application of ceramic nanofibers for hot gas filtration applications.
Author: Bharath Kumar Raghavan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air filters
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nanofibers have higher capture efficiencies in comparison to microfibers in the submicron particle size range of 100-500 nm because of small fiber diameter and increased surface area of the fibers. Pressure drop across the filter increases tremendously with decrease in fiber diameter in the continuum flow regime. Nanofibers with fiber diameter less than 300 nm are in the slip flow regime as a consequence of which steep increase in pressure drop is considerably reduced due to slip effect. The outlet or inlet gases have broad range of particle size distribution varying from few micrometers to nanometers. The economic benefits include capture of a wide range of particle sizes in the gas streams using compact filters composed of nanofibers and microfibers. Electrospinning technique was used to successfully fabricate polymeric and ceramic nanofibers. The nanofibers were long, continuous, and flexible with diameters in the range of 200-300 nm. Nanofibers were added to the filter medium either by mixing microfibers and nanofibers or by directly electrospinning nanofibers as thin layer on the surface of the microfiber filter medium. Experimental results showed that either by mixing Nylon 6 nanofibers with B glass fibers or by electrospinning Nylon 6 nanofibers as a thin layer on the surface of the microfiber medium in the surface area ratio of 1 which is 0.06 g of nanofibers for 2 g of microfibers performed better than microfiber filter media in air filtration tests. This improved performance is consistent with numerical modeling The particle loading on a microfibrous filter were studied for air filtration tests . The experimental and modeling results showed that both pressure drop and capture efficiency increased with loading time. Nanofiber filter media has potential applications in many filtration applications and one of them being hot gas filtration. Ceramic nanofibers made of alumina and titania nanofibers can withstand in the range of 1000°C. Ceramic nanofibers filter media were fabricated by mixing alumina microfibers (SAFFIL) and alumina nanofibers. The appropriate binders were tested for ceramic filter media. The ceramic filter media were tested for aerosol filtration.
Author: Sneha Swaminathan
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659270307
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 184
Get Book Here
Book Description
For environmental protection, the suppression of automotive exhausts such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide is very important. These gases are potential health hazards and green house gases. Hence this concern triggered the need for stringent environmental regulations which resulted in the introduction of catalytic devices in automobiles. In this book, a novel approach has been developed wherein the noble metal nanocatalysts have been incorporated on ceramic nanofibers by the electrospinning process. The catalysts on ceramic nanofibers increase the overall exposed catalyst area and simultaneously immobilize the catalyst to minimize catalyst loss. A small amount of the catalyst incorporated into ceramic nanofibers was mixed with microfibers to fabricate a filter disk by vacuum molding. This filter disk termed as 'catalytic filter'is a combination of catalytic elements and filter. The catalyzed ceramic nanofiber augmented microfiber filter media can be used for two applications: reduction of NOx and oxidation of CO and for enhanced particulate removal.
Author: Irwin M. Hutten
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9781856174411
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 510
Get Book Here
Book Description
Preface; Introduction; Processes for Forming Nonwoven Filter Media; Raw Materials for Nonwoven Filter Media; Types of Filters Using Nonwovens; Applications for Nonwoven Filters; Test Methods for Nonwoven Filter Media; Standards for Nonwoven Media; Glossary; Index; Appendix.
Author: Shagufta Patel
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659383007
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Get Book Here
Book Description
Coalescing filters are effective in removal of aerosols from gas and air streams in many industrial applications. Performance of filters is critically important to improve economy and reliability of process and to protect our environment and health. In coalescing filters captured liquid drains under the influence of gravity. The saturation or liquid hold-up in the filter constricts the flow, increases pressure drop, limits the filter life and increases cost of the process. Filter performance can be enhanced by improving liquid saturation and capture efficiency. To improve filter performance and study the effect of gravity; filter geometries are developed and tested in horizontal and vertical orientation by incorporating woven and nonwoven drainage structures with varying pore structures, basis weight, surface energy and material along with nanofibers in some cases. The drainage channels create a path of lower resistance by allowing maximum flow through the drainage channels which reduces saturation and pressure drop and improves filter performance and drainage. Experimental results, analysis and multiphase modeling of filter media with drainage channels are described in this book.
Author: Mangala Joshi
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000091090
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 545
Get Book Here
Book Description
In recent times, polymer nanocomposites have attracted a great deal of scientific interest due to their unique advantages over conventional plastic materials, such as superior strength, modulus, thermal stability, thermal and electrical conductivity, and gas barrier. They are finding real and fast-growing applications in wide-ranging fields such as automotive, aerospace, electronics, packaging, and sports. This book focuses on the development of polymer nanocomposites as an advanced material for textile applications, such as fibers, coatings, and nanofibers. It compiles and details cutting-edge research in the science and nanotechnology of textiles with special reference to polymer nanocomposites in the form of invited chapters from scientists and subject experts from various institutes from all over the world. They include authors who are actively involved in the research and development of polymer nanocomposites with a wide range of functions—including antimicrobial, flame-retardant, gas barrier, shape memory, sensor, and energy-scavenging—as well as medical applications, such as tissue engineering and wound dressings, to create a new range of smart and intelligent textiles. Edited by Mangala Joshi, a prominent nanotechnology researcher at the premier Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, this book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, nanocomposites, advanced materials, polymers, fibers and textiles, and technical textiles.
Author: Wallace Woon-Fong Leung
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323859852
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 572
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nanofiber Filter Technologies for Filtration of Submicron Aerosols and Nanoaerosols covers the nanoaerosols (less than 100 nanometers) to larger submicron aerosols due mostly to pollution, which are present in high number concentration in our surroundings. People are breathing these nanoaerosols daily without being aware of it. Airborne viruses from flu to coronaviruses are also nanoaerosols. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it took a long time for health authorities and the General Public to recognize the airborne transmission mode of the virus. This leads to inadequate protection and ineffective virus control strategies resulting in high infection and death rates. The book cites evidence and observations pointing to the airborne transmission mode of the coronavirus. It also discusses different filtration technologies using nanofibers to capture these aerosols for short-term filtration, where aerosols are trapped in the filter (depth filtration), and long-term filtration, where aerosols are trapped in the growing filter cake (cake filtration). This book provides a good understanding on how nanofibers, which is of size 1/1000 times that of a normal human hair, can effectively filter these tiny aerosols. NFT, organized in four sections – fundamentals, deep understanding, technologies, and application, covering comprehensively on the subject, is a valuable resource for undergraduates and graduates, engineers, researchers and practitioners in related industries. - Describes technologies with insight and use basic engineering principles to build-up technologies - Includes extensive clear and understandable figures and tables to enhance key concepts - Uses examples throughout to explain engineering principles and interdisciplinary concepts - The only book in the market focusing on nanofiber filter technologies for filtering submicron aerosols and nanoaerosols
Author: Priyavardhana Srinivasan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Filters and filtration
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Nanofibers, owing to their ultra small diameters, have high surface areas that are advantageous in fibrous filtration. By augmenting micro glass fiber media with nanofibers, a wide range of micron and sub-micron (0.3 to 0.8 micron) particles can be effectively captured. The primary objective of this research is to model the steady state performance of coalescing filter media made of glass fibers with or without polymer nanofibers and to validate with experimental data. Coalescence filtration involves the capture of small liquid droplets from an air stream. The filter performance can be characterized by the Quality Factor (QF) which accounts for pressure drop and capture efficiency of the media. A model was developed to predict the performance of filter media augmented with varying amounts of nanofibers. The model calculates single fiber capture efficiencies, filter coefficient, pressure drop, outlet particle concentration, and the quality factor (QF) of the fiber media. The model accounts for aerodynamic slip of the gas flow around the nanofibers. The model predicted that as more nanofibers are added to the filter media, the QF increases, reaches a maximum and decreases. Experiments were performed with B-glass fibers and Megasol S50 binder media. Increasing amounts of nanofiber were added and the media were tested in a coalescence filtration set up. The experimental results are in accordance with the model predictions that nanofiber incorporated filter media performs better as compared to media without nanofibers."--Page iii.
Author: Anthony L. Andrady
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119267706
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 436
Get Book Here
Book Description
APPLICATIONS OF POLYMER NANOFIBERS Explore a comprehensive review of the practical experimental and technological details of polymer nanofibers with a leading new resource Applications of Polymer Nanofibers delivers a complete introduction to the basic science of polymer nanofibers as well as a review of their diverse applications. The book assesses their potential for commercialization and presents contributions from leading experts emphasizing their practical and technological details. New and up to date research findings are presented throughout the book in areas including filters, fabric, energy, fuel cells, batteries, sensors, biomedicine, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound dressings. The book also presents a fulsome analysis of the technology of electrospinning, the most convenient and scalable technique for nanofiber production. It also provides readers with practical information on relevant surface modification techniques. Applications of Polymer Nanofibers effectively balances theoretical background with practical applications of the technology, including insights into polymer nanofiber materials that will be useful for advanced students and researchers. Students, researchers, and industry professionals will also enjoy the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to electrospinning parameters and resulting nanofiber characteristics, including theoretical and practical considerations An exploration of textile applications of nanofibers, like protective clothing, filter fabrics, wearable devices, functional fabrics, and biomedical textiles A review of nanofiber mats as high-efficiency filters, including filtration developments, filters made with nanofibers, and the future outlook for nanofiber filters A treatment of nanofiber-based chemical sensors, including sensor materials, approaches to nanofiber sensor design, and gravimetric nanofiber sensors Perfect for researchers and graduate students studying polymer science and engineering, chemical engineering, materials science, and nanotechnology. Applications of Polymer Nanofibers will also earn a place in the libraries of industrial researchers concerned with electrospinning, air filtration, fabrics, drug delivery, catalysis, and biomedicine.
Author: Q Wei
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857095641
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 447
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nanofibers are a flexible material with a huge range of potential applications in such areas as technical textiles. Functional nanofibers and their applications summarises key trends in the processing and applications of these exciting materials.Part one focuses on the types and processing of nanofibers. Beginning with an overview of the principles and techniques involved in their production, it goes on to review core-shell, aligned, porous and gradient nanofibers. The processing and application of composite functional nanofibers, carbon and polymer nanofiber reinforcements in polymer matrix composites, and inorganic functional nanofibers are then explored in detail, before part one concludes with a consideration of surface functionalization.A wide variety of functional nanofiber applications are then reviewed in part two. Following consideration of their use in filtration, drug delivery and tissue engineering applications, the role of functional nanofibers in lithium-ion batteries, sensor applications, protective clothing, food processing and water purification is explored. Discussion of their use in sound absorption, electromagnetic wave attenuation and biomedical and microelectronic applications follows, before a final discussion of future trends.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Functional nanofibers and applications is a key text for all those working in the fields of technical textiles, as well as areas using nanofibers such as composites, biomaterials and microelectronics. - Summarises key trends in the processing and applications of functional nanofibres in areas such as technical textiles - Provides an overview of the principles and techniques involved in the production of nanofibres and reviews core-shell, aligned, porous and gradient nanofibres - Considers the use of nanofibres in filtration, drug delivery and tissue engineering applications and the role of functional nanofibres in lithium-ion batteries, sensor applications, protective clothing, food processing and water purification
