Modeling the Effects of Fire on Streamflow in a Chaparral Watershed PDF Download
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Author: Christine Eleana McMichael
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chaparral ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Book Description
Author: Christine Eleana McMichael
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chaparral ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 386
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Book Description
Author: Paul A. Ingebo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Rain and rainfall
Languages : en
Pages : 2
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Book Description
Unseasonally high runoff resulted from extremely heavy late-fall precipitation in 1965 on an Arizona watershed. Streamflow during and following the rains was significantly regulated by the ability of the watershed to store and release water from its regolith.
Author: Robert Arnold Merriam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
Author: Anson William Lindenmuth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chaparral
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Five existing fire models, both experimental and theoretical, did not adequately predict rate-of-spread (ROS) when tested on single- and multiclump fires in oak chaparral in Arizona. A statistical model developed using essentially the same input variables but weighted differently accounted for 81 percent ofthe variation in ROS. A chemical coefficient that accounts for effects of fuel chemistry on ROS is applied to the model. The model provides usable guidelines for predicting fire spread in Arizona oak chaparral.
Author: William Ridgely Chapline
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Salt River Watershed (Ariz.)
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
As every watershed and every wildfire event is unique, streamflow response to wildfire is only representative of the specific watershed and conditions that produced the response. Most post-fire streamflow change experiments involve single watersheds, which limits extrapolation of the results beyond the particular watershed examined. A comprehensive understanding of post-fire streamflow response is needed at a regional scale to improve water resources planning and ecosystem management in California. For this dissertation, the regional effect of wildfire was examined for two different components of the streamflow hydrograph; annual streamflow yield and baseflow recession rates. Annual streamflow is a key variable for streamflow management, but high variability in post-fire annual streamflow response at the watershed scale has limited predictions of post-fire annual streamflow response at the regional scale. Baseflow recession rates are an important tool for predicting low flows, yet little is known about how baseflow recession rates respond to wildfire at either watershed or regional scales. A mixed model was introduced to regionalize post-fire streamflow change. Mixed modeling is a statistical approach used to synthesize data containing a hierarchical structure, such as streamflow data pooled from multiple watersheds experiments. A parsimonious storage-discharge model was used to provide insight into the hydrologic processes controlling baseflow recession rates. Annual streamflow significantly increased following wildfire in California at a regional scale. This response was greatest in watersheds with higher percentages of watershed area burnt and during moderately wet years. The first-order control on baseflow recession rates in California was found to be inter-seasonal changes in antecedent storage, not wildfire. Baseflow recession rates were observed to decrease by up to an order of magnitude as antecedent storage levels increased, indicating a shift in the source of recession flows from small, quickly-recharged aquifers at the beginning of the wet season to large, seasonal aquifers as the wet season progressed. Following wildfire, baseflow recession rates significantly decreased at a regional scale, suggesting that the dominant hydrologic processes affected by fire were related to post-fire reductions in above-ground vegetation (e.g. decreased interception, decreased soil evapotranspiration, decreased groundwater evapotranspiration).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Weights and measures
Languages : en
Pages : 784
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Book Description
Author: Bridgette Heather Valeron
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chaparral
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
Author: Donald F. Potts
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forest fires
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Two hydrologic models were adapted to estimate postfire changer in water yield in Pacific Northwest watersheds. The WRENSS version of the simulation model PROSPER is used for hydrologic regimes dominated by rainfall: it calculates water available for streamflow onthe basis of seasonal precipitation and leaf area index. The WRENSS version of the simulation model WATBAL is used for hydrologic regimes dominated by snowfall; it calculates water available for streamflow based on seasonal precipitation, energy aspect and cover density. The PROSPER and WATBAL models estimate large postfire increases in water available for streamflow only for fires that have removed more than 50 percent of the leaf area are cover density, respectively. Guidelines for selecting appropriate models, and tables and figures for calculating postfire water yield are presented. This simulation approach should be useful for estimating long-term effects of fire on water production within the framework of land management planning.
