Mass Spectrometry in the D-region Ionosphere PDF Download
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Author: R. S. Narcisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : D region
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
Author: R. S. Narcisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : D region
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
Author: R. S. NARCISI
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : D region
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
A quadrupole mass spectrometer system employing a liquid nitrogen chilled zeolite pump has recently been developed for sampling positive ions at altitudes above 50 kilometers. This system was flown successfully on a Nike-Cajun rocket on 31 October 1963, and has provided the first positive ion composition measurements in the D-region. For simultaneous environmental measurements of ion and electron densities, two spherical electrostatic analyzers were included in the rocket payload. Supplemental information on ionospheric conditions was provided by a ground-based ionosonde. Due to the high sensitivity of the system approximately twenty (20) positive ion peaks were detected in the mass range 10 to 45 amu within the altitude range of 64 to 112 km. The predominant ions detected within the D-region (64 to 82 km) were 18(+), 30(+) and (37=1)(+), with 32(+) rapidly rising above 75 km approaching the abundance of 30(+) at 83 km. At 82.5 km a sharp transition occurred in the spectra, characterized by the rapid disappearance of 18(+) and 37(+) and instantaneous appearance of six (6) new ion peaks. Five (5) of these ion peaks are suggested to be the metallic ions of sodium (23(+)), magnesium (24(+), 25(+), 26(+)) and calcium (40(+)). The metallic ions all exhibited an identical altitude profile, a ten (10) km-wide peak with a maximum at 95 km, a minimum at 105 km, and then continuously increasing until apogee at 112 km.
Author: R. L. F. Boyd
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
A short pathlength radio frequency ion mass spectrometer was developed for rocket measurements in the D-and lower-E regions of the ionosphere without the interposition of a shock between plasma and spectrometer. Design and operation are discussed. Ions of mass 16 + or - 1, 18 + or - 1, 21 + or - 2, 28 + or - 2, 36 + or - 3 and 55 + or - 5 were detected on the ascent and descent between 90(+) and 120 km. The tentative ion identifications are O(+), H3O(+), Na(+), or Mg(+), NO(+), K(+) and Fe(+). (Modified author abstract).
Author: A. Bailey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Complex ions
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
An Ion Mass Spectrometer and supporting Sounding Rocket System were developed to make in situ measurements of cluster-ions in the D-region of the ionosphere. A cryogenically vacuum-pumped quadrupole mass filter and secondary emission ion counter are coupled to make mass spectral measurements of positive and negative ion composition in ambient gas sampled at the apex of a cone designed to attach the shock wave induced by supersonic sounding rocket speeds. (Author).
Author: P.A. Zbinden
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Author: Jayaram Ramasastry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionosphere
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Author: Robert M. Haberle
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110817938X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 613
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Book Description
Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Author: Rocco S. Narcisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cations
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
Positive ion composition measurements in the D and E regions were performed on three rocket flights during the 1966 solar eclipse program conducted at Cassino, Brazil. The E region results showed that, at totality, NO+ and O2+ decreased in density while the ratio NO+/O2 increased. Long-lived meteoric ions appeared to be unaffected during the short period of the eclipse. A submerged layer of meteoric ions became prominent at totality when the molecular ion densities were smallest and produced a sporadic E layer. The D region results indicated that the decay in the water cluster ions at totality was probably less than a factor of four in the vicinity of 80 km. This work represents part of a continuing Air Force program to study lower ionospheric processes which affect communications. (Author).
Author: A. Bailey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 103
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Book Description
An Ion Mass Spectrometer and supporting Sounding Rocket System were developed to make in situ measurements of cluster-ions in the D-region of the ionosphere. A cryogenically vacuum-pumped quadrupole mass filter and secondary emission ion counter are coupled to make mass spectral measurements of positive and negative ion composition in ambient gas sampled at the apex of a cone designed to attach the shock wave induced by supersonic sounding rocket speeds. (Author).
Author: Pennsylvania State University. Ionosphere Research Laboratory
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionosphere
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
