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Author: Robert H. Haveman
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Conference papers examining economic implications of employment subsidies to encourage employment creation for the socially disadvantaged in the private sector in the USA - covers methodology, the inflation- unemployment trade-off, long term effects, economic models, management attitude, administrative aspects, etc., and makes comparisons with Western Europe. Graphs and tables. List of participants. Conference held in Washington 1980 Apr 3 and 4.
Author: Robert H. Haveman
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Conference papers examining economic implications of employment subsidies to encourage employment creation for the socially disadvantaged in the private sector in the USA - covers methodology, the inflation- unemployment trade-off, long term effects, economic models, management attitude, administrative aspects, etc., and makes comparisons with Western Europe. Graphs and tables. List of participants. Conference held in Washington 1980 Apr 3 and 4.
Author: Timothy J. Bartik
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610440285
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 486
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Book Description
Even as the United States enjoys a booming economy and historically low levels of unemployment, millions of Americans remain out of work or underemployed, and joblessness continues to plague many urban communities, racial minorities, and people with little education. In Jobs for the Poor, Timothy Bartik calls for a dramatic shift in the way the United States confronts this problem. Today, most efforts to address this problem focus on ways to make workers more employable, such as job training and welfare reform. But Bartik argues that the United States should put more emphasis on ways to increase the interest of employers in creating jobs for the poor—or the labor demand side of the labor market. Bartik's bases his case for labor demand policies on a comprehensive review of the low-wage labor market. He examines the effectiveness of government interventions in the labor market, such as Welfare Reform, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and Welfare-to-Work programs, and asks if having a job makes a person more employable. Bartik finds that public service employment and targeted employer wage subsidies can increase employment among the poor. In turn, job experience significantly increases the poor's long-run earnings by enhancing their skills and reputation with employers. And labor demand policies can avoid causing inflation or displacing other workers by targeting high-unemployment labor markets and persons who would otherwise be unemployed. Bartik concludes by proposing a large-scale labor demand program. One component of the program would give a tax credit to employers in areas of high unemployment. To provide disadvantaged workers with more targeted help, Bartik also recommends offering short-term subsidies to employers—particularly small businesses and nonprofit organizations—that hire people who otherwise would be unlikely to find jobs. With experience from subsidized jobs, the new workers should find it easier to obtain future year-round employment. Although these efforts would not catapult poor families into the middle class overnight, Bartik offers a powerful argument that having a full-time worker in every household would help improve the lives of millions. Jobs for the Poor makes a compelling case that full employment can be achieved if the country has the political will and adopts policies that address both sides of the labor market. Copublished with the W. E. Upjohn Institute for Economic Research
Author: Robert H. Haveman
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Conference papers examining economic implications of employment subsidies to encourage employment creation for the socially disadvantaged in the private sector in the USA - covers methodology, the inflation- unemployment trade-off, long term effects, economic models, management attitude, administrative aspects, etc., and makes comparisons with Western Europe. Graphs and tables. List of participants. Conference held in Washington 1980 Apr 3 and 4.
Author: United States. Employment and Training Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employment tax credit
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
Author: Joseph W. Arwady
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grants-in-aid
Languages : en
Pages : 612
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Book Description
Author: Christopher J. Bruce
Publisher: Scarborough, Ont. : Nelson Canada
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 680
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Book Description
Author: Arne L. Kalleberg
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610447476
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309
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Book Description
The economic boom of the 1990s veiled a grim reality: in addition to the growing gap between rich and poor, the gap between good and bad quality jobs was also expanding. The postwar prosperity of the mid-twentieth century had enabled millions of American workers to join the middle class, but as author Arne L. Kalleberg shows, by the 1970s this upward movement had slowed, in part due to the steady disappearance of secure, well-paying industrial jobs. Ever since, precarious employment has been on the rise—paying low wages, offering few benefits, and with virtually no long-term security. Today, the polarization between workers with higher skill levels and those with low skills and low wages is more entrenched than ever. Good Jobs, Bad Jobs traces this trend to large-scale transformations in the American labor market and the changing demographics of low-wage workers. Kalleberg draws on nearly four decades of survey data, as well as his own research, to evaluate trends in U.S. job quality and suggest ways to improve American labor market practices and social policies. Good Jobs, Bad Jobs provides an insightful analysis of how and why precarious employment is gaining ground in the labor market and the role these developments have played in the decline of the middle class. Kalleberg shows that by the 1970s, government deregulation, global competition, and the rise of the service sector gained traction, while institutional protections for workers—such as unions and minimum-wage legislation—weakened. Together, these forces marked the end of postwar security for American workers. The composition of the labor force also changed significantly; the number of dual-earner families increased, as did the share of the workforce comprised of women, non-white, and immigrant workers. Of these groups, blacks, Latinos, and immigrants remain concentrated in the most precarious and low-quality jobs, with educational attainment being the leading indicator of who will earn the highest wages and experience the most job security and highest levels of autonomy and control over their jobs and schedules. Kalleberg demonstrates, however, that building a better safety net—increasing government responsibility for worker health care and retirement, as well as strengthening unions—can go a long way toward redressing the effects of today’s volatile labor market. There is every reason to expect that the growth of precarious jobs—which already make up a significant share of the American job market—will continue. Good Jobs, Bad Jobs deftly shows that the decline in U.S. job quality is not the result of fluctuations in the business cycle, but rather the result of economic restructuring and the disappearance of institutional protections for workers. Only government, employers and labor working together on long-term strategies—including an expanded safety net, strengthened legal protections, and better training opportunities—can help reverse this trend. A Volume in the American Sociological Association’s Rose Series in Sociology.
Author: Sarah Ellen Hamersma
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: Rebecca M. Blank
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610440579
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 447
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Book Description
Over the last three decades, large-scale economic developments, such as technological change, the decline in unionization, and changing skill requirements, have exacted their biggest toll on low-wage workers. These workers often possess few marketable skills and few resources with which to support themselves during periods of economic transition. In Working and Poor, a distinguished group of economists and policy experts, headlined by editors Rebecca Blank, Sheldon Danziger, and Robert Schoeni, examine how economic and policy changes over the last twenty-five years have affected the well-being of low-wage workers and their families. Working and Poor examines every facet of the economic well-being of less-skilled workers, from employment and earnings opportunities to consumption behavior and social assistance policies. Rebecca Blank and Heidi Schierholz document the different trends in work and wages among less-skilled women and men. Between 1979 and 2003, labor force participation rose rapidly for these women, along with more modest increases in wages, while among the men both employment and wages fell. David Card and John DiNardo review the evidence on how technological changes have affected less-skilled workers and conclude that the effect has been smaller than many observers claim. Philip Levine examines the effectiveness of the Unemployment Insurance program during recessions. He finds that the program's eligibility rules, which deny benefits to workers who have not met minimum earnings requirements, exclude the very people who require help most and should be adjusted to provide for those with the highest need. On the other hand, Therese J. McGuire and David F. Merriman show that government help remains a valuable source of support during economic downturns. They find that during the most recent recession in 2001, when state budgets were stretched thin, legislatures resisted political pressure to cut spending for the poor. Working and Poor provides a valuable analysis of the role that public policy changes can play in improving the plight of the working poor. A comprehensive analysis of trends over the last twenty-five years, this book provides an invaluable reference for the public discussion of work and poverty in America. A Volume in the National Poverty Center Series on Poverty and Public Policy
