Investigation of the Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries, Oral Hygiene Status, Nutritional Status and Related Social Factors in Children Aged Between Three and Five Years in Philadelphia/Groblersdal Health District PDF Download
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Author: Jackson Wanjau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Author: Jackson Wanjau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 264
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Book Description
![Sociodemographic, Anthropometric and Nutritional Correlates of Early Childhood Caries in United States Preschool Children [NHANES III, 1988-1994] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/pSkZzgEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Adeyemi Adeyinka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Early childhood caries (ECC), a rapidly invasive decay of primary teeth, begins with the primary incisors followed by first molars, canines and the second molars, in that order, in less than 71 months old children. Despite improvements in general and oral health status of Americans, ECC remains a significant public health problem in preschool children from low socioeconomic households, ethnic minorities and those with special needs. Researches have focused on biological aspects of ECC in relative negligence of environmental process, including behavioral, contextual and societal risk factors. The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to estimate the association of sociodemographic, anthropometric and nutritional factors with ECC in US preschool children from NHANES III (1988--94). Analysis was performed on children aged 24 to 60 months old with complete questionnaire and dental examinations. About 70 percent of responding mothers are minorities with age ranging from 12 to 45 years, and two-thirds recording the 11th grade or less as their highest educational level completed. 54.6 percent earn less than {dollar}20,000 as total annual family income, while another third received benefits from WIC (Women, Infants and Children) programs. Through a process of model building, the most parsimonious and best-fit model evolved for sociodemographic, anthropometric and nutritional variables. Markers of social deprivation that puts the child at risk of developing decay include being in an ethnic minority group. The odds of developing ECC, as a child from ethnic minority group is three times that of Non-Hispanic whites. Non-Hispanic black children are one-and-a-half times, and Mexican-American children are two-and-a-half times likely to develop ECC compared with Non-Hispanic white child. The odds increase with age of child across ethnic groups (OR at 31--36 months = 2.0 compared with 24--30 month-old children); inversely related to the highest educational grade level completed by the mother; not breastfeeding the child (OR = 1.83); and weaning the child off formula at age 18 months (OR = 2.0). Further study of the potential of environment and culture (particularly on concepts of feeding/nursing and oral hygiene practices) as stimuli that may trigger a milieu that compromises the quality of tooth structure, which in turn, enables biological factors, exert their negative effects, is indicated. Longitudinal studies are advocated to assess the natural history of ECC, while public health practitioners remain brokers for preventive strategies development, integration, implementation and evaluation of oral health within general health education programs.-- Abstract.
Author: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832527604
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Author: Pratibha Taneja
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668500673
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2016 in the subject Medicine - Dentistry, , language: English, abstract: Oral health is related to general health and quality of life, which emphasizes the importance of retaining good functional dentition. It is associated with development of healthy personality, perception and enables an individual to speak, eat and socialize without active disease and discomfort. The role of nutrition is also related to poor oral health affecting growth and cognitive development that leads to medical complications of untreated diseases, and result in poor social outcomes. Despite the great improvement in oral health, many countries still encounter oral diseases which are widely prevalent, more so in the developing countries like India. Dental diseases, such as Dental caries, Periodontal disease and Oral mucosal lesions, are the major public health problem throughout the world with the high prevalence due to altered life style and eating habits. The burden of Oral disease is particularly high for the disadvantageous and poor population groups in both developing and developed countries. Dental caries is an epidemic disease affecting humans of all ages in regions of most common disease of children. Among all the dental diseases, the prevalence of dental caries in India is increasing referred as “Disease of civilization.” According to Centre for Disease Control & Prevention, dental caries is perhaps the most prevalent infectious disease. Although it is well understood and preventable but still a global problem among children and young adults. More than 40% of children have caries by the time they reach kindergarten.
Author: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889638081
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Author: Kristin F. Nalls
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Background: Poor oral health is linked to poor quality of life, chronic disease, infant mortality, poor school and work performance, low self-esteem, risky social behaviors, and increased national health expenditures. Most oral diseases are preventable, but still common. Early Childhood Caries (ECC), the most common childhood disease, is linked to periodontal disease, poor academic performance, and increased likelihood of chronic disease in adulthood and poor quality of life for the children who are affected and their families. ECC disproportionately affects low-income and minority children. Head Start is a federal preschool program aimed to identify and provide support for low-income children and their families. Due to the federal mandates for Head Start grantees, children participating in these programs are in a position to receive increased access to dental care through oral screenings and referrals to dentists for oral health treatment. Studies have shown that Head Start enrollees are almost three times more likely to obtain a dental screening than those enrolled in other preschool centers. Even with these parameters in place, a great amount of tooth decay is still present in Head Start children. In a brief issued by the Children's Dental Health Project, "Keeping Health in Head Start: Lessons Learned from Dental Care", one of the key lessons was Medicaid dental benefits are important in granting access to dental care for Head Start children, however it is not enough. In order for Medicaid benefits have a major impact, dental professionals must accept the coverage, and the Head Start community must have knowledge of those that can and will provide services to their children. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to 1) examine the oral health status of low-income children in MS Head Start Programs and 2) evaluate linkage to care between the HSFs and the referral dentists, and 3) identify opportunities for Head Start children to find a dental home. This study uses descriptive and inferential statistical methods to test the objectives, hypothesis and specific aims outlined below: Methods: The study used the oral screening data and parental survey data from the Mississippi State Department of Health's Make a Child's Smile Program for the time period 2009-2014, Medicaid reimbursement data for children's dental claims, and licensure data from the Mississippi Board of Dental Examiners. Spatial attributes such as the location of the Head Start Facilities, service locations of referral dentists named in the MACS dataset, other non-referred dental service locations that have filed children's dental Medicaid claims, and calculated distances from Head Start facilities to the aforementioned dental service locations were compiled and analyzed. This information was used to examine the dental workforce available to the Head Start Facilities in the study sample. Both traditional statistical tests and spatial analysis were used to analyze data and create a visualization of the oral health landscape for low-income children in MS. Results: The sample was majority African American, between the ages of 3 and 5 years of age, displaying a burden of caries experience and untreated diseases significantly higher than the reported national percentages, (p
Author: Shanthi G.
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659130601
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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The present study assessed the prevalence of and risk factors for Early Childhood Caries in children 3 to 5 years old. The target population included 3 to 5 year old and their mothers from the 14 zones of Bhopal city. Each mother was first given the structured questionnaire, and then the child s clinical dental examination was carried out. The prevalence of early childhood caries in preschool children aged three to five years in Bhopal was 43.2%, with a mean dmft of 3.02. Caries prevalence, however, showed statistically significant association and a negative correlation with socioeconomic status, with lower socioeconomic status children showing higher caries.
Author: Joel H. Berg
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111892519X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
Dental caries has been called a “silent epidemic” and is the most prevalent chronic disease affecting children. Though much has been written on the science and practice of managing this disease, publications are diverse in their loci, preventing easy access to the reader. Early Childhood Oral Health coalesces all the important information related to this topic in a comprehensive reference for students, academics, and practitioners. This second edition expands the scope of the first and puts an additional focus on interprofessional and global efforts that are necessary to manage the growing disease crisis and screening and risk assessment efforts that have expanded with the boom of new technologies. With updated references and incorporating the latest research, chapters address the biology and epidemiology of caries, the clinical management of early childhood caries, risk assessment, and early diagnosis. Other topics include public health approaches to managing caries worldwide, implementation of new caries prevention programs, fluoride regimens, and community programs, and family oral health education. Brand new are four chapters on the medical management of early childhood caries, considerations for children with special needs, interprofessional education and practice, and how the newest policy issues and the Affordable Care Act affect dental care. A must-read for pediatric dentists, cariologists, public health dentists, and students in these fields, Early Childhood Oral Health is also relevant for pediatricians and pediatric nursing specialists worldwide.
Author: Salam Rajih
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic illnesses among young children, affecting around 23% of children 2-5 years old, leading to pain, discomfort, and poor quality of life. It is a multi-factorial disease that develops through the combined effects of bacteria, tooth morphology, fermentable carbohydrates, time, and various social factors. Several studies have investigated the associations between dental caries and non-traditional factors acquired during the first years of life including; mode of delivery, breastfeeding, and Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS). However, the literature on these associations has been inconsistent. Objective: To investigate the unadjusted and adjusted associations between the presence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Severe-ECC (S-ECC), and three non-traditional factors: breastfeeding, mode of delivery, and ETS, among children 1-5 years old. Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, and a sample of 112 caregiver/ child dyads was recruited from the ongoing flow of patients at Temple University Maurice H. Kornberg School of Dentistry (TUKSoD). After consent, subjects completed a questionnaire and received a standard intra-oral examination and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) Caries-risk Assessment Tool (CAT) by a student doctor. The study was approved by the Temple University Institutional Review Board (Protocol # 23885). Chi-square tests, two-sample t-tests and bivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the unadjusted associations. Two multivariable logistic models were developed for ECC and S-ECC and included demographics, overall CRA, and the three non-traditional risk factors. Results: The prevalence of ECC and S-ECC were 61% and 30%, respectively. The following variables were significant in the unadjusted analysis for both ECC and S-ECC: child's age, maternal educational attainment, overall AAPD CAT classification, sugary snacks per day, presence of plaque on child's teeth and ETS. Exposure to ETS was associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio for ECC (aOR=5.39 [95% CI: 1.14-25.33], P=0.033), but not for S-ECC. Furthermore, C-section birth was associated with a decreased adjusted odds ratio for both ECC and S-ECC, respectively (ECC: aOR=0.132 [95% CI: 0.02-0.72], P=0.02; S-ECC: aOR=0.141 [95% CI: 0.026-0.748], P=0.021). With inclusion of the AAPD CAT, demographics, and the three non-traditional factors, the overall model accuracy at predicting ECC was 82.2%. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: In this study of urban, predominantly African American, and low income children, ECC was found associated with two non-traditional factors, ETS and mode of delivery, suggesting that including them in CRA may improve prediction of future dental caries, and aid in the prevention and treatment of disease. Results from this study support the notion that ECC is a multi-factorial disease, and highlights the importance of adopting oral health education among caregivers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Children
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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