Impact of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Recovery After Exercise-induced Muscle Soreness PDF Download
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Author: Elizabeth Carol Dahlstrom
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109818468
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
We investigated whether protein (PRO [0.4g/kg]) vs. carbohydrate (CHO [0.4g/kg]) vs. placebo nutrition supplements would alleviate muscle soreness when consumed immediately after eccentric exercise in 21 untrained men aged 18-30 years. During this double-blind randomized block study design, each subject completed three, 3-day trials (separated by ≥2 weeks), identical except for treatment, with each serving as his own control. Trials began with a bout of right leg eccentric exercise (Biodex), followed directly by treatment. At 0 (baseline), 24, and 48 hours, data were collected: creatine phosphokinase (CPK) from pre-exercise blood samples, subjective muscle soreness questions, and strength tests (power, torque, work). ANOVA indicated that exercise caused mild muscle damage, evidenced by an overall day effect (p≤0.0001) for muscle soreness, with the lowest median values (0 to 10 scale) on day 1 (0.7), increasing (p≤0.0001) on day 2 (3.2), and remaining elevated on day 3 (3.4). We also noted an overall day effect (p≤0.0001) for CPK, with lowest median values (U/L) on day 1 (136), increasing (p≤0.0001) on day 2 (235), and remaining elevated on day 3 (189). ANOVA revealed no significant treatment effect on indicators of soreness or damage during recovery. Our results indicated that a PRO or CHO supplement after exercise causing mild muscle damage did not facilitate muscle recovery in adequately nourished, healthy young men.
Author: Elizabeth Carol Dahlstrom
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109818468
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 91
Get Book Here
Book Description
We investigated whether protein (PRO [0.4g/kg]) vs. carbohydrate (CHO [0.4g/kg]) vs. placebo nutrition supplements would alleviate muscle soreness when consumed immediately after eccentric exercise in 21 untrained men aged 18-30 years. During this double-blind randomized block study design, each subject completed three, 3-day trials (separated by ≥2 weeks), identical except for treatment, with each serving as his own control. Trials began with a bout of right leg eccentric exercise (Biodex), followed directly by treatment. At 0 (baseline), 24, and 48 hours, data were collected: creatine phosphokinase (CPK) from pre-exercise blood samples, subjective muscle soreness questions, and strength tests (power, torque, work). ANOVA indicated that exercise caused mild muscle damage, evidenced by an overall day effect (p≤0.0001) for muscle soreness, with the lowest median values (0 to 10 scale) on day 1 (0.7), increasing (p≤0.0001) on day 2 (3.2), and remaining elevated on day 3 (3.4). We also noted an overall day effect (p≤0.0001) for CPK, with lowest median values (U/L) on day 1 (136), increasing (p≤0.0001) on day 2 (235), and remaining elevated on day 3 (189). ANOVA revealed no significant treatment effect on indicators of soreness or damage during recovery. Our results indicated that a PRO or CHO supplement after exercise causing mild muscle damage did not facilitate muscle recovery in adequately nourished, healthy young men.
Author: Wanyi Wang (M.S. in Kinesiology)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
Resistance exercise (RE) is purported to induce muscle protein accretion primarily by stimulating muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with its effect potentiated by providing a protein or amino acid (AA) supplement post exercise. Glutamine, a conditionally essential AA, is increasingly recommended to improve exercise performance, but it is poorly soluble and unstable in sports drinks. This limitation can be overcome by combining L-glutamine with L-alanine to form a dipeptide (AlaGln). The first study demonstrated that AlaGln supplementation post resistance exercise significantly reduced the phosphorylation of AMPK and NF-kB p65 without activating intracellular signals for MPS. This study also showed that whey protein (WP) activated the mTOR signaling pathways without affecting signaling proteins that controls muscle protein breakdown (MPB). The results provide indirect evidence that AlaGln blocks MPB via suppressing the activation of AMPK-FOXO3A and NF-kB p65, while WP promotes MPS. Recent research suggests that adding carbohydrate (CHO) to a protein supplement post exercise can produce greater protein accretion and subsequently increase the magnitude of resistance training adaptation relative to protein supplementation alone. Early studies from our laboratory found that co-ingestion of CHO and protein, as compared with CHO or protein intake individually, had a greater effect on the activation of anabolic signaling proteins. However, the effect of CHO plus protein on MPS and muscle adaptation is controversial. The second study demonstrated that adding CHO to a protein supplement (CP) accelerated MPS via activating the mTOR-signaling pathway in comparison with placebo (PLA) and WP during early exercise recovery, but CP did not affect signaling proteins that regulate MPB. The third study found that CP enhanced muscle strength relative to PLA and WP. The greater strength development in CP appeared due to increased myofibrillar protein content. Increased muscle hypertrophy occurred without an increase in myonuclei suggesting satellite cell activation was not required for muscle fiber development. Taken together, the results of this series of studies suggest that 1) AlaGln inhibits MPB following acute RE; 2) Adding CHO to a protein supplement accelerates muscle recovery by stimulating MPS, and increases the magnitude of muscle strength by accumulating more myofibrillar protein in comparison with PLA and WP.
Author: Matthew Joseph Barenie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Athletes
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Eccentric exercise can result in exercise induced muscle damage (EIMD). This can cause an abundance of ultrastructural muscular disruption and pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant activity, leading to an impairment of muscular force production, elevated pain sensitivity, increased swelling, and arterial stiffness. Pasture-raised dairy products, obtained from strictly grass-fed cows, have been shown to possess more anti-inflammatory-, antioxidant-, and antihypertensive-like biochemicals compared with conventional products. Conventional dairy products differ from pasture-raised dairy products because conventional cows are fed a diet rich in grains rather than grasses. Human research trials on pasture-raised products, such as whey protein concentrate (WPC), are neglected. This study addressed this gap by employing a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that compares the effect of conventional WPC (C-WPC) versus pasture-raised WPC (PR-WPC) supplementation on vascular function and indirect markers of muscle damage in response to eccentric EIMD in healthy, young, resistance-trained women and men. Thirty-nine individuals completed an EIMD bout consisting of eccentric squats and were assessed 24, 48, and 72 hours post-EIMD for muscle soreness and damage, maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC), peripheral fatigue, countermovement jump (CMJ), barbell back squat velocity (BBSV), and vascular function assessed via carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV).The data supports the use of PR-WPC for its mitigation of barbell speed decrements 48 hours post-EIMD compared to C-WPC. However, compared to PR-WPC, C-WPC seems to infer a protective effect on biomarkers of muscle damage (urinary titin) excretion, MIVC reduction, and peripheral fatigue. The iso-caloric carbohydrate placebo group fared better in the more explosive lifting measures of the CMJ and BBSV. In regard to PWV, arterial stiffness was unaffected throughout. Our data do not support the use of PR-WPC compared to C-WPC supplementation in alleviating the deleterious effects of EIMD in resistance trained individuals.
Author: Adriano Rossi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 376437506X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
This book provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive view on the resolution of inflammation and on new developments in this area, including pro-resolution mediators, apoptosis, macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, possible novel drug developments.
Author: Vicki Deakin
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education / Australia
ISBN: 9780070277205
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 715
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Book Description
Clinical Sports Nutrition is a complete practical and clinical reference that provides state-of-the-art sports nutrition information. Each chapter contains specific reviews followed by practice tips. Contributions come from leading academics, physicians, and sports dieticians in Australia, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Finland.
Author: Manfred Lamprecht
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466567570
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
The use of antioxidants in sports is controversial due to existing evidence that they both support and hinder athletic performance. Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition covers antioxidant use in the athlete ́s basic nutrition and discusses the controversies surrounding the usefulness of antioxidant supplementation. The book also stresses how antioxidants may affect immunity, health, and exercise performance. The book contains scientifically based chapters explaining the basic mechanisms of exercise-induced oxidative damage. Also covered are methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of antioxidant treatment. Biomarkers are discussed as a method to estimate the bioefficacy of dietary/supplemental antioxidants in sports. This book is useful for sport nutrition scientists, physicians, exercise physiologists, product developers, sport practitioners, coaches, top athletes, and recreational athletes. In it, they will find objective information and practical guidance.
Author: Gustavo Duque
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128204206
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Falls, fractures, frailty, osteoporosis and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in older persons. While the concept of osteosarcopenia is new, it is a rapidly evolving and cross-disciplinary problem. Prevention and treatment are challenging and a combined therapeutic approach is needed. Osteosarcopenia provides evidence-based information on how to prevent and treat these conditions at multiple settings, including multiple illustrations, care pathways and tips to easily understand the pathophysiology, diagnostic methods and therapeutic approach to these conditions. This work evaluates the potential for a link between osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obesity. Presents diagnostic and therapeutic tips that facilitate the design and implementation of new care pathways, impacting the wellbeing of our older population Provides cross-disciplinary understanding by experts from the bone/osteoporosis field and the muscle/sarcopenia field Covers muscle and bone biology, mesenchymal stem cells, age-related changes and cross-talk between muscle, fat and bone, falls and fracture risk, glucose metabolism, diagnosis, imaging, and genetics of osteosarcopenia
Author: Lonnie Michael Lowery
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439844569
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
Dietary supplement companies and the food industry spend millions to reach resistance trainers—often with exaggerated marketing messages—while health practitioners continue to counsel athletes that their interest in protein is misguided and even dangerous. There appears to be a disconnect between scientists and almost everyone else in sports nutrition. With so much conflicting information, it’s difficult to know who to believe. With contributions from the world’s foremost experts, Dietary Protein and Resistance Exercise delivers the uncut scientific truth about the role of dietary protein in the well-being of athletes. Updating and clarifying the issues surrounding purposeful protein intake and resistance trainers, this volume: Reviews the science-related history of protein and its consumption among strength athletes Analyzes the mechanisms behind what proteins do in muscle cells Describes protein’s effect on performance, recovery, and body composition Explores various populations that actively employ resistance training and dietary protein Discusses timing, type, and safety data regarding liberal protein diets and related supplements Includes sidebars, practical examples, and case studies—translating the science into a practical understanding of various protein-related topics Separating fact from fiction and providing the hard science behind the numbers, this volume demonstrates how changes in dietary protein intake may lead to measurable improvements in body composition, energy levels, and athletic performance.
Author: Sharon Lee Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbohydrates
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate indices of muscle damage and recovery in novice runners following completion of a marathon, and compare responses in these indices when receiving carbohydrate (CHO) or carbohydrate-protein (CHO+Pro) supplementation during the marathon run. Methods: 16 subjects were arranged into matched-pairs based on muscle damage responses; determined by serum kinase (CK) levels following an 18-mile training run. Subjects' perceived ratings of muscle soreness and mental/physical energy/fatigue, maximal isometric force of the leg extensors (MVC), and serum CK were measured on three occasions: prior to the marathon, 24 hours post-marathon and 72 hours post-marathon. During the 26.2-mile marathon run, subjects consumed energy gels (100 kcal/packet) at four-mile intervals throughout the event. Members of each matched-pair were assigned to a CHO (25 g CHO) or CHO+Pro (20 g CHO, 5 g Pro) gel in a randomly counterbalanced design. Results: Significant declines in MVC, and mental energy ratings were observed 24-hours post-marathon, with significant increases in serum CK, muscle soreness, and physical fatigue ratings. These responses were attenuated by 72 hours post-marathon (in comparison to 24-hour levels), but serum CK and perceived muscle soreness remained significantly different from pre-marathon levels. No significant differences were observed between CHO and CHO+Pro treatments for any of the muscle recovery variables studied. Conclusions: Marathon running results in significant impairment in skeletal muscle function, soreness/fatigue, and elevated markers of sarcolemmal damage for at least 72 hours post-event. CHO+Pro ingestion during the marathon does not appear to influence post-marathon muscle recovery in comparison to CHO intake alone.
