Hydrogen Embrittlement of Ultra-high Tensile Strength Steels PDF Download
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Author: Kenneth Farrell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Kenneth Farrell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: James Durnin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Metals Technical Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This standard describes a test method for evaluating the susceptibility of uncoated cold rolled and hot rolled Ultra High Strength Steels (UHSS) to hydrogen embrittlement. The thickness range of materials that can be evaluated is limited by the ability to bend and strain the material to the specified stress level in this specification.Hydrogen embrittlement can occur with any steel with a tensile strength greater than or equal to 980 MPa. Some steel microstructures, especially those with retained austenite, may be susceptible at lower tensile strengths under certain conditions. The presence of available hydrogen, combined with high stress levels in a part manufactured from high strength steel, are necessary precursors for hydrogen embrittlement.Due to the specific conditions that need to be present for hydrogen embrittlement to occur, cracking in this test does not indicate that parts made from that material would crack in an automotive environment. Results from this test should be considered in conjunction with the strain state of the material and the operating environment of the part when selecting any UHSS. Since this test method is comparative, the most information can be gained if a control sample of known performance is evaluated along with the material being studied. Aggressive mass reduction targets for ground vehicles have led to the development of a new generation of high strength steels. Very high tensile strength as well as the presence of retained austenite as a major microstructural constituent make these steels susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement.
Author: The Chinese Society for Metals
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319487671
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1147
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This is a collection of papers presented at the joint conference of the 7th International Conference on High Strength Low Alloy Steels (HSLA Steels 2015), the International Conference on Microalloying 2015 (Microalloying 2015), and the International Conference on Offshore Engineering Steels 2015 (OES 2015). The papers focus on the exchange of the latest scientific and technological progresses on HSLA steels, microalloying steels, and offshore engineering steels over the past decades. The contributions are intended to strengthen cooperation between universities and research institutes, and iron and steel companies and users, and promote the further development in the fields all over the world.
Author: Richard P Gangloff
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857093894
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 864
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Many modern energy systems are reliant on the production, transportation, storage, and use of gaseous hydrogen. The safety, durability, performance and economic operation of these systems is challenged by operating-cycle dependent degradation by hydrogen of otherwise high performance materials. This important two-volume work provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the latest research into managing hydrogen embrittlement in energy technologies.Volume 1 is divided into three parts, the first of which provides an overview of the hydrogen embrittlement problem in specific technologies including petrochemical refining, automotive hydrogen tanks, nuclear waste disposal and power systems, and H2 storage and distribution facilities. Part two then examines modern methods of characterization and analysis of hydrogen damage and part three focuses on the hydrogen degradation of various alloy classesWith its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Volume 1 of Gaseous hydrogen embrittlement of materials in energy technologies is an invaluable reference tool for engineers, designers, materials scientists, and solid mechanicians working with safety-critical components fabricated from high performance materials required to operate in severe environments based on hydrogen. Impacted technologies include aerospace, petrochemical refining, gas transmission, power generation and transportation. - Summarises the wealth of recent research on understanding and dealing with the safety, durability, performance and economic operation of using gaseous hydrogen at high pressure - Reviews how hydrogen embrittlement affects particular sectors such as the petrochemicals, automotive and nuclear industries - Discusses how hydrogen embrittlement can be characterised and its effects on particular alloy classes
Author: Ellis E. Fletcher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Steel
Languages : en
Pages : 82
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Book Description
This report deals with the deleterious effects of hydrogen gas on steel at elevated temperatures and/or pressures. Hydrogen attack on steels is manifest as decarburization, intergranular fissuring, or blistering. These conditions result in lowered tensile strength, ductility, and impact strength. The reaction of hydrogen with iron carbide to form methane is probably the most important chemical reaction involved in the attack on steel by hydrogen. Attack of steel at elevated temperatures and pressures is limited or prevented by the following measures: (1) use of steel alloyed with strong carbide-forming elements, (2) use of liners of resistant alloy steels, and (3) substitution of resistant nonferrous alloys.
Author: A. R. Elsea
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Steel
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
This memorandum introduces the problem of delayed, brittle failures associated with hydrogen in steel, particularly high-strength steel. It is intended to help the steel user determine if he has such a problem. The effects of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steel are dealt with, and the behavior of material susceptible to delayed, brittle failure is described. Also, the effects of such factors as strength level, magnitude of applied stress, hydrogen content, steel composition, test temperature, and strain rate on hydrogen embrittlement and the susceptibility to hydrogen-induced, delayed, brittle failure are discussed. Possible sources of hydrogen in steel and the types of tests useful in determining the susceptibility to delayed failure are outlined. (Author).
Author: Koh-ichi Sugimoto
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039434284
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
A variety of topics concerning ultrahigh-strength ferrous steels were collected in this book. At present, most of the ferrous steels are applied to cold sheet parts. However, they may be used as the materials of hot-forged parts in the future, because of the excellent performance of the mechanical properties. It is hoped that many researchers will have an interest in the applications of the ferrous steels to the hot-forging parts.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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A Fe-13Co-11Ni-3Cr- 1Mo-0.2C steel alloy, processed for ultra-high strength and fracture toughness, exhibits three distinct hydrogen trap states in a complex precipitation hardened martensitic microstructure and is susceptible to severe hydrogen embrittlement (HE) at threshold stress intensity levels as low as 20 MPa square root of m. The causes of HE susceptibility include very high crack-tip tensile stresses and a reservoir of diffusible hydrogen that is trapped reversibly with a binding energy, E(sub b), of 11.5+/-0.5 kJ/mol at (Fe, Cr, Mo)2C precipitates. This reversibly trapped hydrogen repartitions to interstitial sites proximate to the highly stressed crack tip and, subsequently, may retrap at martensitic lath interfaces to produce substantial local hydrogen concentrations and transgranular embrittlement. These results are pertinent to the control of HE in this modern ultra-high strength steel with a cadmium-plated coating and co-deposited hydrogen (H). Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy demonstrates that 190C baking removes the detrimental hydrogen associated with (Fe, Cr, Mo)2C traps in both precharged but unplated steel as well as in thin porous, cadmium-plated steel. Restoration of a high fracture toughness and a ductile fracture mode correlates directly with the removal of hydrogen from (Fe, Cr, Mo)2C traps as well as other low energy trap states. However, the internal H concentration at such traps is at first intensified upon baking of cadmium-plated steel. Later H egress is retarded by the slow H diffusivity in steel and the barrier action of the cadmium plating. Hydrogen trapped at higher trap binding energy sites is not removed by 190C baking, but cannot redistribute to the crack tip fracture process zone and does not participate in subcritical hydrogen cracking.
