Detrital Zircon U-Pb Ages and Provenance Study of the Late Jurassic Bossier Sands, East Texas Subsurface PDF Download
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Author: Christopher John Kennedy
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Category : Geology, Stratigraphic
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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The Bossier sands, a natural gas reservoir, are a series of Jurassic stacked sand layers within the Bossier Shale found in the subsurface of East Texas. Detrital zircons were separated from 5 wells. U-Pb or Pb-Pb ages were determined on 393 zircon grains using LA-ICPMS at the University of Arizona. Results revealed two dominant age peaks: 32.5% have Early Neoproterozoic -Middle Mesoproterozoic ages (950-1360 Ma 'Grenville'), and 27% have Pennsylvanian-Ediacaran ages (300-680 Ma 'Ouachita'). Other age peaks include the Jurassic-Permian (150-300 Ma), Early Mesoproterozoic (1360-1500 Ma), Early Mesoproterozoic-Late Paleoproterozoic (1500-1900 Ma), and the Late-Paleoproterozoic or older (>1900 Ma). We conclude that the dominant provenance for the Bossier sands was from local sources in the Ouachita and Grenville orogens. This suggests that flanking crust in Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas was high-standing regions during the Jurassic time, shedding detritus into rivers feeding Bossier depocenters.
Author: Christopher John Kennedy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology, Stratigraphic
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
The Bossier sands, a natural gas reservoir, are a series of Jurassic stacked sand layers within the Bossier Shale found in the subsurface of East Texas. Detrital zircons were separated from 5 wells. U-Pb or Pb-Pb ages were determined on 393 zircon grains using LA-ICPMS at the University of Arizona. Results revealed two dominant age peaks: 32.5% have Early Neoproterozoic -Middle Mesoproterozoic ages (950-1360 Ma 'Grenville'), and 27% have Pennsylvanian-Ediacaran ages (300-680 Ma 'Ouachita'). Other age peaks include the Jurassic-Permian (150-300 Ma), Early Mesoproterozoic (1360-1500 Ma), Early Mesoproterozoic-Late Paleoproterozoic (1500-1900 Ma), and the Late-Paleoproterozoic or older (>1900 Ma). We conclude that the dominant provenance for the Bossier sands was from local sources in the Ouachita and Grenville orogens. This suggests that flanking crust in Texas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas was high-standing regions during the Jurassic time, shedding detritus into rivers feeding Bossier depocenters.
Author: Thomas R. Lovell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and thin-section petrology of core samples taken from onshore Alabama and offshore federal lease blocks, including Destin Dome, Pensacola, and Mobile, constrain sediment provenance for the Upper Jurassic Norphlet Formation in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Previous research of the Norphlet Fm. in onshore Alabama suggests that sediments near onshore areas of Alabama originated from metamorphic rocks of the Talladega slate belt and Piedmont. This study provides evidence that the Gondwanan Suwannee terrane is another potential source for the Norphlet Fm. in the EGOM. This study determined U-Pb ages for 1111 detrital zircons from 13 Norphlet Fm. core and cutting samples were determined using LA-ICPMS. The Norphlet Fm. yields four major U-Pb age ranges: 197.9 - 350 Ma, 350 - 770 Ma, 800 - 1650 Ma, and 1650 - 3390 Ma. These ages correspond with known U-Pb ages of source terranes common to Laurentia, including the Grenville (950 - 1300 Ma), (Granite-Rhyolite (1350 - 1550 Ma), Yavapai-Matzatzal (1650 - 1750 Ma), Penokean (1800 - 1900 Ma), and Superior Provinces (>2500 Ma). U-Pb ages also reveal sourcing from the Gondwanan Suwannee Terrane (540 - 580 Ma and 2000 - 2200 Ma). This study establishes four geochronologic source terranes: the ancient Appalachian Mountains, the Appalachian foreland basin, Mesozoic rift basins, and the Suwannee Terrane. Ten samples from onshore Alabama yield detrital zircon U-Pb ages characteristic of Laurentian sources (Appalachian mountains and Appalachian foreland basin), whereas two offshore samples yield characteristic Gondwanan (Suwannee Terrane) ages. Four samples located adjacent to the Mesozoic rift basin reveal ages characteristic of both Laurentia and Gondwana - indicating an area of sediment mixing during the late Jurassic. Twelve thin-sections taken from 9 cores in the onshore and state waters areas were point counted for 400 grains each for compositional analysis. Petrolographic analyses reveal plagioclase and potassium feldspars, polycrystalline quartz, metamorphic and volcanic lithic fragments as dominant grain types. Petrologic data corroborate that onshore Alabama samples were sourced by recycled orogenic and cratonic rocks of Laurentia and southern samples were sourced by less mature sources characteristic of a rift basin (Mesozoic rift basins). A paleogeographic reconstruction illustrates sediment being distributed from Laurentian and Gondwanan sources via alluvial, fluvial, eolian, and marine depositional environments.
Author: Daniel Lee Buechmann
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The Canadian-Alaskan Cordillera exhibits a severely overprinted amalgam of subduction zone, arc, back-arc, ocean basin, and continental margin assemblages that collectively represent more than 750 million years of tectonic activity. Sedimentary basins flanking the orogeny were filled with detritus from the adjacent uplifted fold-and-thrust belt and thus provide a detailed record of the source area that helps constrain the timing of paleogeographic reconstructions and tectonic evolution models. This study presents new U-Pb detrital zircon ages from Middle Cretaceous sandstones of the Alberta Foreland Basin that indicate a dramatic shift in provenance across the Albian-Cenomanian boundary and elucidate the extent of terrane emergence in the Cordillera between 101 and 96 Ma. The Albian Viking Formation yielded 221 U-Pb detrital zircon analyses with 206 grains (93%) providing Precambrian ages that are consistent with age spectra for Paleozoic and early Mesozoic miogeoclinal strata, indicating the foreland basin was being flooded by recycled passive margin detritus during the late Early Cretaceous. The Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation yielded 338 U-Pb detrital zircon analyses showing statistically significant Paleozoic age clusters at 358, 338, and 328 Ma that correspond with the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian Finlay and Late Mississipian Little Salmon magmatic cycles observed regionally throughout the large pericratonic Yukon-Tanana terrane. This correlation suggests the Yukon-Tanana terrane was entrained in the fold-and-thrust belt and exposed near the Dunvegan paleo-catchment area during the early Late Cretaceous, providing a minimum time constraint for the collision of the northern pericratonic terranes with western Laurentia.
Author: Gary J. Hunt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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The distribution of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from synorogenic Lower Cretaceous (Barremain-Albian) Cedar Mountain and San Pitch formation conglomerates and sandstones (N = 7, n = 641) preserved in the Sevier foreland basin of Utah are statistically related to age spectra of detrital zircons in Jurassic-Neoproterozoic strata (N = 11, n = 1104) in the Cordilleran fold-thrust belt. A history of Sevier thrust-belt unroofing, reworking, and recycling of detritus is recorded in the distribution of detrital zircons in Lower Cretaceous foreland basin strata. Three geochronological provenance intervals are observed in Neoproterozoic-Jurassic strata in the thrust-belt that are also recognized in 3 inverted chronofacies in foreland basin strata. The first provenance interval in the thrust belt is recognized as chronofacies A in the foreland basin. It is defined by a dominant group of Paleoproterozoic detrital zircons and the presence of significant numbers of Late Neoproterozic-Early Paleozoic (550 - 300 Ma) grains. Quartzites and sandstones in the thrust belt in provenance interval 1 include Pennsylvanian-Permain Oquirrh Formation, Permian Diamond Creek Sandstone, and the Jurassic Nugget Sandstone. Statistically related to provenance interval 1 are the oldest foreland basin strata in chronofacies A, including the Buckhorn Conglomerate Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation on the San Rafael Swell, and the Yellow Cat and Poison Strip Sandstone members in eastern Utah. The second provenance is observed in Ordovician-Devonian strata in the Canyon Range thrust sheet, and chronofacies B in the foreland basin; these display mostly Paleoproterozoic detrital zircons with dominant age groups of 1.8-1.9 Ga and 2.2-2.4 Ga. Cedar Mountain Formation conglomerates at the base of the Cretaceous succession in Salina Canyon on the southwestern Wasatch Plateau, and the Short Canyon Conglomerate (Upper Albain) on the western San Rafael Swell, are statistically related to detrital zircon age spectra observed in the Eureka (Ordovician) and Cove Fort (Devonian) quartzites in the thrust-belt. The third provenance interval observed constitutes Neoproterozoic and Cambrian quartzites from the Canyon Range thrust sheet and chronofacies C in the foreland basin, which all produce a tri-modal population of Mesoproterozoic (1.0-1.2 Ga), Paleoproterozoic (1.4 Ga and 1.6-1.8 Ga), and a subordinate population of Archean (>2.5 Ga) grains. Upper Albian conglomerates of the San Pitch Formation produced detrital zircon grains that were derived primarily from the oldest allochthonous strata in the thrust sheet, thus recording the complete unroofing of the thrust-belt in Early Cretaceous time. Abundant Mesozoic detrial zircon grains were sampled in distal Cedar Mountain Formation samples, whereas in more proximal deposits of the Buckhorn Conglomerate on the San Rafael Swell, Cordilleran arc grains are rare. This is due to different sediment dispersal patterns and involves recycling of detrital zircons from reworked Mesozoic strata and perhaps transported directly from Jurassic plutons in the southern Mogollon Highlands. The Buckgorn Conglomerate was deposited by braided transverse rivers with headwaters in the Sevier highlands that produce minimal Triassic-Jurassic detrital zircons, whereas distal deposits of the Yellow Cat and Poison Strip Sandstone members were deposited in a distal axial river system with headwaters in the Mogollon highlands where Triassic-Jurassic zircons are plentiful. Three stages of the early Cretaceous foreland basin in Utah are recognized. An initial stage, which was controlled predominantly by dynamic subsidence, is recognized by the slow deposition of Barremian-Aptian strata of the lower Cedar Mountain Formation (e.g. Buckhorn Conglomerate) with no evidence of a clastic wedge developement to the west. The second stage is the observance of the first westward thickening wedge of sediment recognized in Aptian-Albian Cedar Mountain Formation (Ruby Ranch Member); this indicates that the flexural component of the foreland basin began in Late Aptian or later.The final stage of Early Cretaceous thrust-belt unroofing is recognized with deposition of the San Pitch Formation on proximal axial rivers in an actively subsiding foredeep depozone during latest Albian time.
Author: Preston James Wahl
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Sediment delivery to Texas and the northwestern Gulf of Mexico during the Early Paleogene represents an initial cycle of tectonic-influenced deposition that corresponds with the timing of late Laramide uplift. Sediments shed from Laramide uplifts to east-central Texas and the northwestern Gulf of Mexico during this time are preserved in strata of the Wilcox Group and lower Claiborne Group. U-Pb dating of detrital zircons from closely spaced stratigraphic units within these groups and the underlying Midway Group by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) reveals the relative arrival time of late Laramide-age detrital zircons to east-central Texas and distinct detrital zircon age assemblages. Comparison of zircon age assemblages from this study with data from potential source regions and additional Wilcox and Claiborne Group samples along the Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coastal Plain provides insight into paleodrainage during the Early Paleogene. The relative arrival time of late Laramide-age detrital zircons to east-central Texas corresponds with deposition of the Hooper Formation of the Wilcox Group, although the presence of these detrital zircons fluctuates within younger samples. Comparison of composite detrital zircon age spectra from sediment source regions and from locations along the Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coastal Plain shows that source regions contain unique distributions of ages, with age components that are similar to Gulf Coastal Plain data. Detrital zircon age data may support relatively similar sediment sources or a similar paleodrainage area for the majority of observed ages within the Midway Group, Wilcox Group, and Carrizo Formation in east-central Texas. Louisiana Wilcox Group and east-central Texas (Tehuacana Member through Carrizo Formation) data are similar and contrast with data of the south Texas Wilcox Group. This may support similar paleodrainage for Louisiana and east-central Texas and a different paleodrainage to the south Texas area. Data may also support the introduction of a new sediment source or a greater contribution of detrital zircons from an already existing source by the time of Queen City Formation (lower Claiborne Group) deposition in east-central Texas. Comparison of Louisiana Claiborne Group data with east-central Texas Queen City Formation data indicates that this source was also available during deposition of younger Claiborne Group strata in Louisiana. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155424
Author: David George Lowe
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ISBN:
Category : Geology, Stratigraphic
Languages : en
Pages : 718
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Author: Cody John Stopka
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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The Cordilleran foreland basin is located in the western part of North America and stretches from the Canadian Arctic to parts of southern Mexico and was active from the Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous. Presented here are U-Pb detrital zircon ages, sandstone modal composition, and paleocurrent measurements from Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian- Campanian) nonmarine strata of the Dakota Sandstone, Tres Hermanos Formation, and Crevasse Canyon Formation (Lower Member and Ash Canyon Member) located in the southernmost portions of the Sevier foreland basin in southern New Mexico. The Dakota Sandstone is dominated by monocrystalline quartz (84%) with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (15%). Paleoflow trends show east-directed (108°) to northeast-directed flow (50°). Detrital zircon age peaks occur at 1732, 1651, 1416, 1050, 626, 412, 230, and 103 Ma. The Tres Hermanos Formation is composed primarily of monocrystalline quartz (63%) with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (27%). Paleoflow trends predominantly reflect east-directed (93-109°) and southeast-directed (166°) flow. Peak detrital zircon ages occur at 1709, 1420, 1085, 169, and 94 Ma. The Lower Member of the Crevasse Canyon Formation is composed of monocrystalline quartz (50%) along with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (41%). Paleoflow trends show primarily east-directed flow (100°). Detrital zircon age peaks occur at 1702, 1420, 1067, 167, and 91 Ma. The Ash Canyon Member of the Crevasse Canyon Formation is composed of monocrystalline quartz (48%) with volcanic and metamorphic lithic grains (46%). Paleoflow trends show a east- to southeast-directed flow (108-118°). Peak detrital zircon ages were determined to be 1682, 1415, 1108, 169 and 90 Ma. Precambrian to Paleozoic zircons overlap in age with the Yavapai, Mazatzal, Granite-Rhyolite, and Grenville provinces (and age-equivalent ~1.0 Ga rocks), and recycled Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic detritus from Mesozoic eolianites of the southwest United States. Permian to Triassic age detritus overlap in age with granitoid rocks that outcrop in California and Arizona. Jurassic to Cretaceous age zircons overlap with the mid-Mesozoic Cordilleran magmatic arc and the Sierra Nevada batholith. Based on the provenance trends summarized above, a sediment dispersal model is favored where the Dakota Sandstone was derived largely from recycled Lower Cretaceous strata of the Bisbee Rift of southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico (present-day Mogollon highlands). Overlying strata of the Tres Hermanos and Crevasse Canyon Formations were sourced primarily from Jurassic-Cretaceous parts of the Cordilleran arc with secondary contributions from recycled strata of the Bisbee Rift and possible the McCoy basin of southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico.
Author: Carly Frances Roe
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ISBN:
Category : Mineralogy
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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The tectonic evolution of the Chugach-Prince William Terrane (CPW), an accretionary complex along the southern Alaskan margin, has been the subject of much debate. There are two prevailing hypotheses for the location of the CPW at the time of its intrusion by the plutons of the Sanak-Baranof belt, and both require distinctly different source regions for the sediment of the CPW flysch. Therefore, a better understanding of the provenance of these sediments will help constrain the location of the CPW at the time of the deposition of its sediments. This study presents an analysis of new U/Pb detrital zircon, mineralogical and sedimentological data from the Shumagin Formation, which comprises the westernmost section of the CPW terrane. Our results indicate that the Shumagin Formation on Nagai Island has a maximum depositional age of 73-77 Ma and represents the deposition of a large volume of sediment along a basin on a deep submarine fan adjacent to an active volcanic arc. A comparison of our U/Pb age populations with those of correlative units along strike shows a striking similarity in source material along the length of the CPW. This combined mineralogical and U/Pb detrital zircon data constrain the provenance of the Shumagin Formation to a source region south of the present location of the CPW at the time of its intrusion by the Sanak-Baranof belt and are consistent with the terrane's subsequent northward, coast-parallel translation.
Author: María Daniela Muñoz Granados
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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"An integrated analysis of detrital zircon geochronology, clast counting, trace element concentration in zircons and zircon typology was done to get an understanding of the Gualanday Group provenance. Detrital zircon geochronology applied to the Gualanday Group sandstones provide accurate ages of the sources that fed this late Eocene - Paleocene molasse. The main peaks obtained are Precambrian, Jurassic, early and late Cretaceous. Other minor peaks of Triassic and Permian age were also identified. Clast counting gave a consent on which Gualanday Group conglomerate was sampled for this study, which were the Doima (upper) and Chicoral (lower) Formations. The trace element analysis on zircons were applied using REE diagrams, U vs. Yb, U/Yb vs. Hf and U/Yb vs. Y discrimination diagrams. This data, integrated with a typology analysis of the zircons according to their age, gave us crucial information on the type of rock in which the zircon has crystallized in and the sedimentological process that it has been through. The analysis showed that the sources of the Gualanday Group were mainly granitoid. The early Cretaceous sources are discussed and interpreted as Mariquita Stock; late Cretaceous sources are interpreted as Antioquia Batholith; Jurassic as Ibagué Batholith and/or Saldaña formation; Permo-Triassic as anatexis granitoids in Cajamarca Complex, such as Stock del Buey; Precambrian as the redeposited zircons (from the Cretaceous sedimentary cover) that chrystallized in the Greenvillian and Panafrican orogenies and are par of the Guyana Shield and Amazonian Craton. As a result, a palinspastic reconstruction map for the late Eocene - Oligocene is proposed based on the results of this study and from other authors. In this model the tectonic blocks situated west of the Upper Magdalena Valley, in which the Antioquia Batholith is, are in more meridional latitudes."--Tomado del Formato de Documento de Grado.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Provenance study is a fundamental element of basin analysis, where understanding of sedimentation patterns and their driving mechanisms often requires information about the source of basin sediments. Many recent studies have turned to the geochronology (particularly single detrital zircon ages) and isotope geochemistry in sedimentary rocks to derive detailed information about sediment sources. This dissertation applies geochronology and isotope geochemistry to provenance questions in different settings, utilizing zircon U/Pb ages, feldspar common Pb isotope ratios, and carbonate 87Sr/86Sr ratios to gain new insights into provenance in three well-studied sedimentary systems. The first chapter, set in the Gualala Basin of northern California, provides an example of how conventional provenance indicators, detailed study of conglomerate clasts, U/Pb zircon ages, and common Pb isotope ratios of feldspar from the sand-sized fraction can all provide useful information. Combined, these different data types can produce a more complete picture of sedimentary source areas than any of them would be able to alone. In a continued investigation of applications for detrital zircon ages in provenance study, the second chapter develops a new "Confidence Envelope" method for comparing age distributions. The method developed here is based on characterizing the expected range of variability in samples drawn from the age distribution of a proposed sediment source area, and testing whether a sample of unknown provenance falls within that range. Using the uniquely well-constrained setting of the Green River Formation in Wyoming, the last two chapters investigate paleo-water provenance using an unprecedented dataset of 87Sr/86Sr ratios and Sr concentrations, compiled from both new data and data collected from previous studies. These data demonstrate that isotopic ratios in the Green River Formation lacustrine system changed rapidly, therefore lacustrine sediments were an extremely high-resolution recorder of lacustrine Sr evolution
