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Author: Bradford Cornell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
We show that discrimination can occur even when it is common knowledge that underlying group characteristics do not differ and when employers do not prefer same-group candidates. When employers can judge job applicants' unknown qualities better when candidates belong to the same group and hire the best prospect from a large pool of applicants, the top applicant is likely to be from the same background as the employer. The model has policy, empirical and experimental implications. For example, the model predicts that quot;screening discriminationquot; is more likely to occur and persist in sectors in which underlying quality is important but difficult to observe, in which there are numerous applicants, in which interviewing (screening) is relatively cheap, and in which applicants have to acquire job-specific skills.
Author: Bradford Cornell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
We show that discrimination can occur even when it is common knowledge that underlying group characteristics do not differ and when employers do not prefer same-group candidates. When employers can judge job applicants' unknown qualities better when candidates belong to the same group and hire the best prospect from a large pool of applicants, the top applicant is likely to be from the same background as the employer. The model has policy, empirical and experimental implications. For example, the model predicts that quot;screening discriminationquot; is more likely to occur and persist in sectors in which underlying quality is important but difficult to observe, in which there are numerous applicants, in which interviewing (screening) is relatively cheap, and in which applicants have to acquire job-specific skills.
Author: Miguel Angel Centeno
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 0199732167
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
Proponents of globalization argue that it is helping and that in a competitive world, no one can afford to discriminate except on the basis of skills. Opponents counter that globalization does nothing but provide a meritocratic patina on a consistently unequal distribution of opportunity.
Author: Tito Boeri
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191045985
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
Using newly collected and existing data and modern econometric approaches, this book analyses the gender wage gap as well as less explored dimensions of discrimination such as religion, sexual orientation, and physical appearance. Part One focuses on gender. Using a newly collected database for Italy, it analyses the relevance of transition from school to work, and in particular the choice of college major, in determining the gender earning gap. It also analyses the role of family and of discrimination on the job as a potential source of this gap, using additional data from Spain and the US. Part Two analyses different forms of discrimination towards individuals in the labor market. In particular, it examines the potential for discrimination of sexual orientation, religion, and physical appearance and weight. The analysis is conducted by means of a survey of the existing literature and by an empirical analysis, using European data as well as Italian data collected through an experimental design.
Author: Jess Benhabib
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0444537139
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 1509
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Book Description
How can economists define and measure social preferences and interactions? Through the use of new economic data and tools, our contributors survey an array of social interactions and decisions that typify homo economicus. Identifying economic strains in activities such as learning, group formation, discrimination, and the creation of peer dynamics, they demonstrate how they tease out social preferences from the influences of culture, familial beliefs, religion, and other forces. Advances our understanding about quantifying social interactions and the effects of culture Summarizes research on theoretical and applied economic analyses of social preferences Explores the recent willingness among economists to consider new arguments in the utility function
Author: Philip Moss
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN: 1610444108
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Is the United States justified in seeing itself as a meritocracy, where stark inequalities in pay and employment reflect differences in skills, education,and effort? Or does racial discrimination still permeate the labor market, resulting in the systematic under hiring and underpaying of racial minorities, regardless of merit? Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s African Americans have lost ground to whites in the labor market, but this widening racial inequality is most often attributed to economic restructuring, not the racial attitudes of employers. It is argued that the educational gap between blacks and whites, though narrowing, carries greater penalties now that we are living in an era of global trade and technological change that favors highly educated workers and displaces the low-skilled. Stories Employers Tell demonstrates that this conventional wisdom is incomplete. Racial discrimination is still a fundamental part of the explanation of labor market disadvantage. Drawing upon a wide-ranging survey of employers in Atlanta, Boston, Detroit, and Los Angeles, Moss and Tilly investigate the types of jobs employers offer, the skills required, and the recruitment, screening and hiring procedures used to fill them. The authors then follow up in greater depth on selected employers to explore the attitudes, motivations, and rationale underlying their hiring decisions, as well as decisions about where to locate a business. Moss and Tilly show how an employer's perception of the merit or suitability of a candidate is often colored by racial stereotypes and culture-bound expectations. The rising demand for soft skills, such as communication skills and people skills, opens the door to discrimination that is rarely overt, or even conscious, but is nonetheless damaging to the prospects of minority candidates and particularly difficult to police. Some employers expressed a concern to race-match employees with the customers they are likely to be dealing with. As more jobs require direct interaction with the public, race has become increasingly important in determining labor market fortunes. Frequently, employers also take into account the racial make-up of neighborhoods when deciding where to locate their businesses. Ultimately, it is the hiring decisions of employers that determine whether today's labor market reflects merit or prejudice. This book, the result of years of careful research, offers us a rare opportunity to view the issue of discrimination through the employers' eyes. A Volume in the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality
Author: Arthur Charpentier
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303149783X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 491
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Book Description
Author: Jess Benhabib
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444531874
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 940
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Book Description
How can economists define and measure social preferences and interactions? Through the use of new economic data and tools, our contributors survey an array of social interactions and decisions that typify homo economicus. Identifying economic strains in activities such as learning, group formation, discrimination, and the creation of peer dynamics, they demonstrate how they tease out social preferences from the influences of culture, familial beliefs, religion, and other forces. Advances our understanding about quantifying social interactions and the effects of culture Summarizes research on theoretical and applied economic analyses of social preferences Explores the recent willingness among economists to consider new arguments in the utility function Matthew O Jackson has contributed to Handbooks in Economics: Social Economics Set as an editor. Matthew O. Jackson is the William D. Eberle Professor of Economics at Stanford University
Author: United States. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Affirmative action programs
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Author: George J. Benston
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461561477
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 227
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Book Description
Equal treatment in access to credit has long been a fundamental social goal in the United States. However, despite the passage of several laws in the U.S. prohibiting discrimination in the provision of financial services on the basis of race, gender, and marital status, among other factors, questions concerning the existence of racial discrimination in such areas as home mortgage loans and small business credit continue, and confound public policy makers. This book is composed of nine articles and a panel discussion, originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Financial Services Research. These contributions explore the complex issue of discrimination in financial services.
Author: David Grusky
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429974094
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 605
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Book Description
Oriented toward the introductory student, The Inequality Reader is the essential textbook for today's undergraduate courses. The editors, David B. Grusky and Szonja Szelenyi, have assembled the most important classic and contemporary readings about how poverty and inequality are generated and how they might be reduced. With thirty new readings, the second edition provides new materials on anti-poverty policies as well as new qualitative readings that make the scholarship more alive, more accessible, and more relevant. Now more than ever, The Inequality Reader is the one-stop compendium of all the must-read pieces, simply the best available introduction to the stratifi cation canon.
