Body Composition of Physical Education Majors at Eastern Washington University and Validity of the FITNESSGRAM Skinfold Formula PDF Download
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Author: Brian Christopher Garland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
"One purpose of this study was to determine the body fat composition levels of physical education department majors at Eastern Washington University in the Fall of 1996. The subjects were tested by the researcher using the Lange skinfold calipers. Literature revealed the Lange calipers to be a reliable instrument when used by an experienced and skilled tester. The tester in this study has had over six years experience and was determined to be skilled by a 0.99 correlation between a test and retest of skinfold scores. Once reliability was established, subjects were tested and then classified into categories of "unhealthy'' and "acceptable". Using the Jackson & Pollock 6-site skinfold formula, 86 % of the physical education majors in this study had "acceptable" body fat percents using the most liberal recommendations stated in the literature. For males these "acceptable" levels are body fat percents ranging from 3 percent to 19 percent body fat, and for females a percent body fat ranging from 12 percent to 26 percent body fat. Fourteen percent of the subjects tested in this study did not meet this standard. For the physical education majors tested in this study, mean values of 11.4 percent body fat and 20.5 percent body fat were found for men and women respectively. It was therefore concluded that a large majority of physical education majors were within the most liberal healthy body fat guidelines recommended widely and on average their body fat percents were lower than the average college age student reported in the literature. A second purpose was to test the validity and reliability of the FITNESSGRAM skinfold body composition testing formula, currently used by Eastern Washington University's Fit-for-Hire program at the time of this study. The FITNESSGRAM formula was compared to the Jackson & Pollock 6-site skinfold formula and the hydrostatic weighing method, two well recognized and accepted methods for determining body fat percent in individuals. Results of the present study indicate that the FITNESSGRAM skinfold testing formula overestimates body fat in both males and females by about 4 and 3 percent respectively. It was concluded that this test, although reliable, is not valid since it consistently overestimates body fat percent"--Document.
Author: Brian Christopher Garland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
"One purpose of this study was to determine the body fat composition levels of physical education department majors at Eastern Washington University in the Fall of 1996. The subjects were tested by the researcher using the Lange skinfold calipers. Literature revealed the Lange calipers to be a reliable instrument when used by an experienced and skilled tester. The tester in this study has had over six years experience and was determined to be skilled by a 0.99 correlation between a test and retest of skinfold scores. Once reliability was established, subjects were tested and then classified into categories of "unhealthy'' and "acceptable". Using the Jackson & Pollock 6-site skinfold formula, 86 % of the physical education majors in this study had "acceptable" body fat percents using the most liberal recommendations stated in the literature. For males these "acceptable" levels are body fat percents ranging from 3 percent to 19 percent body fat, and for females a percent body fat ranging from 12 percent to 26 percent body fat. Fourteen percent of the subjects tested in this study did not meet this standard. For the physical education majors tested in this study, mean values of 11.4 percent body fat and 20.5 percent body fat were found for men and women respectively. It was therefore concluded that a large majority of physical education majors were within the most liberal healthy body fat guidelines recommended widely and on average their body fat percents were lower than the average college age student reported in the literature. A second purpose was to test the validity and reliability of the FITNESSGRAM skinfold body composition testing formula, currently used by Eastern Washington University's Fit-for-Hire program at the time of this study. The FITNESSGRAM formula was compared to the Jackson & Pollock 6-site skinfold formula and the hydrostatic weighing method, two well recognized and accepted methods for determining body fat percent in individuals. Results of the present study indicate that the FITNESSGRAM skinfold testing formula overestimates body fat in both males and females by about 4 and 3 percent respectively. It was concluded that this test, although reliable, is not valid since it consistently overestimates body fat percent"--Document.
Author: Bradley John Cardinal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
"The purpose of this study was to determine the body composition levels of one hundred and two physical education students at Eastern Washington University. The subjects were tested by the researcher using Lange Skinfold Calipers. Literature reveals the Lange Skinfold Calipers to be a reliable [instrument], when used by a trained and skilled person. The researcher was determined skilled with a .988 correlation between skinfold test and hydrostatic weighing scores and .997 correlation using test retest of skinfold scores. Once reliability was determined, subjects were tested and then classified as "unhealthy" and "fat". Using the most liberal recommendations, 30.3 percent of the subjects were "unhealthy" and 12.7 percent were ''fat". In addition, mean body composition average for males were found to be 14.1 percent and for females 23.7 percent. It was concluded that physical education majors be held accountable for "appearing" to have a low level of body fat composition, because appearing to have low body fat stores may have positive affects on high school students' achievement and exercise intentions; as well as establish a positive professional 'image'"--Document.
Author: Darlene M. Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
"The primary purpose of this study was to determine if physical education majors at three different northwestern colleges had skinfold readings which were significantly different from those Cardinal found at a regional university (1987). Another purpose of this study was to classify all 104 subjects into the categories of overfat, average body fat, lean, and under fat as well as give the number and percentage of subjects that were in each category. The findings of this study indicate that there were no significant differences found between the subjects from this study and those used in Cardinal's study. For male subjects the t value was 1.495 (p> .05). For female subjects the t value was .426 (p> .05). Using the most lenient recommendations, 15% of the males were considered ''unhealthy" (overfat or under fat). Eighty-four percent of the males were considered to have an "acceptable" body fat percentage (average body fat or lean body fat). Using the most lenient recommendations, 25% of the females were considered "unhealthy" (overfat). Seventy-four percent of the females were considered to have an "acceptable" body fat percentage (average body fat, lean body fat). In addition, mean body composition for males and females were 12.2% and 22.5% respectively. The results of this study reinforce those found by Cardinal. He found an alarmingly high number of Eastern Washington University physical education majors to be overweight or obese. This study found an equally severe situation to exist at three other northwestern schools. It was concluded that weight problems in physical education majors was a regional rather than simply a single school problem. These studies confirm the need for the northwestern schools involved in this study to take immediate remedial actions. Suggestions were advanced"--Document.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 492
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Book Description
"Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Author: David C. Nieman
Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Anthropometry
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Book Description
Author: American College of Sports Medicine
Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers
ISBN: 1492526398
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
ACSM's Body Composition Assessment provides practicing fitness, health, and medical professionals with information about various body composition measurement methods in clinical and field settings--evidence-based protocols, advantages, sources of measurement error, and more.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030904586X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
This book surveys the entire field of body composition as it relates to performance. It includes a clear definition of terminology and a discussion of the various methods for measuring body composition. The authored papers represent a state-of-the-art review of this controversial field and address questions such as: What is a better measure of body compositionâ€"body fat or lean body mass? Does being overweight for one's height really affect performance? The book also addresses the issue of physical appearance as it relates to body fatness and performance. It includes an in-depth discussion of many of the topics of interest to those involved in sports medicine and exercise physiology.
Author: United States. Army. Quartermaster Corps. Research and Engineering Command
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Anthropometry
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
Author: Jana Pařízková
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Man develops during phylogenesis and ontogenesis as an active creature and his most striking external manifestations include physical activity. From this ensue efforts to investigate the human organism with regard to its functional diagnosis mainly during activity, in relation to the level of that physical activity. The amount and qualitative aspect of physical activity is subject to some laws associated with the developmental stage, type of higher nervous activity, health, nutritional status, external environment inc!. social position, profession, hobbies, etc.; thus it is also one of the important ecological factors. During the period before the onset of technical civilization physical fitness and performance were essential prerequisites for survival and successful existence. At present and from the aspect of the perspective development of our civilization the importance of physical fitness is pushed into the background; nevertheless adequate physical activity level is even today an important prerequisite for normal function of the organism as a whole.
Author: T. Jürimäe
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 3805571313
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 191
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Book Description
Stimulating and up to date, this book is a distinctive reference for pediatricians, nutritionists, anthropologists, exercise and sport scientists as well as sport medicine specialists.
