Author: Valerie Hongoh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Evidence is accumulating on the ongoing effects of climate change. Given the anticipated health implications, notably vector-borne disease impacts, there is a need to design effective and tailored strategies to adapt to vector-borne disease risk. Climate change is a complex problem, involving multiple stakeholders and many unknowns. As such, approaches that can embrace this complexity are needed to inform adaptation research with evidence - both scientific and stakeholder-informed. Evidence-informed approaches are being increasingly sought in health policy and decision-making in order to improve population health. Evidence-informed approaches have arisen in reaction to ad-hoc, crisis-driven responses to health problems. They recognize the need to be systematic and transparent, and make use of the best available evidence. Deliberative multicriteria decision aid is one such approach. The objective of this thesis was to study key decision concerns of importance in adapting to vector-borne disease risk under climate change in two contexts: Quebec, where vector-borne diseases are present but not the main burden of disease, and Burkina Faso, where vector-borne diseases contribute to the primary burden of disease. The theoretical underpinnings of this study are rooted in post-normal science, climate change adaptation, and a multicriteria decision analysis approach. Climate change adaptation research is aimed at informing policies to reduce risks and impacts associated with climate change. Within this framework, and in the context of vector-borne disease adaptation, three key questions arise: 1) what diseases are we concerned about? 2) who is most vulnerable and at risk to these diseases? and 3) what are recommended measures to adapt to these diseases? This thesis contributes to these three dimensions to inform adaptation to vector-borne disease. With regards to the first question, we identified concerns of importance for disease prioritization under climate change in both Quebec and Burkina Faso using a deliberative multi-criteria decision aid approach. The results showed that general concerns are shared among these contrasting contexts while specific disease priorities differ as a result of context-informed evidence - both scientific and stakeholder-shared. With regards to the second question, current knowledge and readiness of the Quebec population relative to West Nile virus was explored as a preliminary and integral step to assessing adaptive capacity to mosquito-borne disease risk. Here, response to perceived mosquito-borne disease risk constitutes a form of adaptation. The results showed that overall knowledge and behavioural adoption levels are good though at least four different subgroups exist within the population with different factors associated with preventive behaviour adoption. Finally, with respect to the third question, a deliberative multi-criteria approach was used to examine management strategies for West Nile virus in Quebec and malaria in Burkina Faso. West Nile virus strategies under current and theoretical increased transmission were explored in Quebec, and malaria management strategies under current transmission were explored in Burkina Faso. Analogously to the model developed for disease prioritization, shared general concerns were found between the contrasting country and disease contexts lending support to the practical applications of decision-aid approaches for exploring effective management strategies informed by stakeholder experience and the best available scientific evidence.
Author: Melissa R. Marselle
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030023184
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
This open access book identifies and discusses biodiversity’s contribution to physical, mental and spiritual health and wellbeing. Furthermore, the book identifies the implications of this relationship for nature conservation, public health, landscape architecture and urban planning – and considers the opportunities of nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation. This transdisciplinary book will attract a wide audience interested in biodiversity, ecology, resource management, public health, psychology, urban planning, and landscape architecture. The emphasis is on multiple human health benefits from biodiversity - in particular with respect to the increasing challenge of climate change. This makes the book unique to other books that focus either on biodiversity and physical health or natural environments and mental wellbeing. The book is written as a definitive ‘go-to’ book for those who are new to the field of biodiversity and health.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309177707
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Vector-borne infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever, and plague, cause a significant fraction of the global infectious disease burden; indeed, nearly half of the world's population is infected with at least one type of vector-borne pathogen (CIESIN, 2007; WHO, 2004a). Vector-borne plant and animal diseases, including several newly recognized pathogens, reduce agricultural productivity and disrupt ecosystems throughout the world. These diseases profoundly restrict socioeconomic status and development in countries with the highest rates of infection, many of which are located in the tropics and subtropics. Although this workshop summary provides an account of the individual presentations, it also reflects an important aspect of the Forum philosophy. The workshop functions as a dialogue among representatives from different sectors and allows them to present their beliefs about which areas may merit further attention. These proceedings summarize only the statements of participants in the workshop and are not intended to be an exhaustive exploration of the subject matter or a representation of consensus evaluation. Vector-Borne Diseases : Understanding the Environmental, Human Health, and Ecological Connections, Workshop Summary (Forum on Microbial Threats) summarizes this workshop.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241547871
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Book Description
This publication is intended to contribute to prevention and control of the morbidity and mortality associated with dengue and to serve as an authoritative reference source for health workers and researchers. These guidelines are not intended to replace national guidelines but to assist in the development of national or regional guidelines. They are expected to remain valid for five years (until 2014), although developments in research could change their validity.--Publisher's description.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309072786
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Since the dawn of medical science, people have recognized connections between a change in the weather and the appearance of epidemic disease. With today's technology, some hope that it will be possible to build models for predicting the emergence and spread of many infectious diseases based on climate and weather forecasts. However, separating the effects of climate from other effects presents a tremendous scientific challenge. Can we use climate and weather forecasts to predict infectious disease outbreaks? Can the field of public health advance from "surveillance and response" to "prediction and prevention?" And perhaps the most important question of all: Can we predict how global warming will affect the emergence and transmission of infectious disease agents around the world? Under the Weather evaluates our current understanding of the linkages among climate, ecosystems, and infectious disease; it then goes a step further and outlines the research needed to improve our understanding of these linkages. The book also examines the potential for using climate forecasts and ecological observations to help predict infectious disease outbreaks, identifies the necessary components for an epidemic early warning system, and reviews lessons learned from the use of climate forecasts in other realms of human activity.
Author: T. S. Detinova
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Anopheles
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
Author: CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION. (CDC)
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0190065974
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 721
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Book Description
The definitive reference for travel medicine, updated for 2020! "A beloved travel must-have for the intrepid wanderer." -Publishers Weekly "A truly excellent and comprehensive resource." -Journal of Hospital Infection The CDC Yellow Book offers everything travelers and healthcare providers need to know for safe and healthy travel abroad. This 2020 edition includes: · Country-specific risk guidelines for yellow fever and malaria, including expert recommendations and 26 detailed, country-level maps · Detailed maps showing distribution of travel-related illnesses, including dengue, Japanese encephalitis, meningococcal meningitis, and schistosomiasis · Guidelines for self-treating common travel conditions, including altitude illness, jet lag, motion sickness, and travelers' diarrhea · Expert guidance on food and drink precautions to avoid illness, plus water-disinfection techniques for travel to remote destinations · Specialized guidelines for non-leisure travelers, study abroad, work-related travel, and travel to mass gatherings · Advice on medical tourism, complementary and integrative health approaches, and counterfeit drugs · Updated guidance for pre-travel consultations · Advice for obtaining healthcare abroad, including guidance on different types of travel insurance · Health insights around 15 popular tourist destinations and itineraries · Recommendations for traveling with infants and children · Advising travelers with specific needs, including those with chronic medical conditions or weakened immune systems, health care workers, humanitarian aid workers, long-term travelers and expatriates, and last-minute travelers · Considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees Long the most trusted book of its kind, the CDC Yellow Book is an essential resource in an ever-changing field -- and an ever-changing world.
Author: US Global Change Research Program
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1510726217
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 999
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Book Description
As global climate change proliferates, so too do the health risks associated with the changing world around us. Called for in the President’s Climate Action Plan and put together by experts from eight different Federal agencies, The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health: A Scientific Assessment is a comprehensive report on these evolving health risks, including: Temperature-related death and illness Air quality deterioration Impacts of extreme events on human health Vector-borne diseases Climate impacts on water-related Illness Food safety, nutrition, and distribution Mental health and well-being This report summarizes scientific data in a concise and accessible fashion for the general public, providing executive summaries, key takeaways, and full-color diagrams and charts. Learn what health risks face you and your family as a result of global climate change and start preparing now with The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health.
Author: Michael Burger
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108417620
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
Presents comprehensively the currently un-mapped constellation of issues related to climate change, public health, and the law.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309471699
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
Climate change poses many challenges that affect society and the natural world. With these challenges, however, come opportunities to respond. By taking steps to adapt to and mitigate climate change, the risks to society and the impacts of continued climate change can be lessened. The National Climate Assessment, coordinated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program, is a mandated report intended to inform response decisions. Required to be developed every four years, these reports provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of climate change impacts available for the United States, making them a unique and important climate change document. The draft Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) report reviewed here addresses a wide range of topics of high importance to the United States and society more broadly, extending from human health and community well-being, to the built environment, to businesses and economies, to ecosystems and natural resources. This report evaluates the draft NCA4 to determine if it meets the requirements of the federal mandate, whether it provides accurate information grounded in the scientific literature, and whether it effectively communicates climate science, impacts, and responses for general audiences including the public, decision makers, and other stakeholders.
