Author: Y. M. Khanif
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 25
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Book Description
In the organic fraction As, Pb and Zn increased with sewage sludge application, While Cd and Cu were not affected. The concentration od As and Zn in this fraction increased when the soil was trated with
Author: Council for Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author: Gary Lewis Prothero
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Waste disposal in the ground
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
Metropolitan areas today must dispose large volumes of sewage sludge produced during the wastewater treatment process. This research was conducted to study the effect of large applications of municipal sewage sludge on (a) the distribution of N and trace elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn) in the soil profile, (b) the uptake of these elements by plants growing on the sludge-treated soil, and (c) the potential for groundwater contamination. Five sludge disposal sites in the Willamette Valley were selected for the project, Milwaukie, Eugene, Hillsboro, Forest Grove, and Woodburn, Oregon. The soils were sampled quarterly, July, 1974, December, March, and June, 1975, as a function of depth. Surface soil samples (8 to 10 cores) were collected in September, 1974, from each disposal location to determine the uniformity and amount of sludge applied. Plant samples from the disposal area and water samples from wells adjacent to each area were also collected. The soil, plant, water, and sludge samples were analyzed for total N, NH4-N, NO3-N, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn; the water, plant, and sludges were also analyzed for P. The soil samples collected during the winter, spring, and summer, 1975, were analyzed for NH4-N and NO3-N. An estimated 500, 290, 96, 72, and 20 dry m tons /ha of sludge were applied to the Eugene, Hillsboro, Forest Grove, Woodburn, and Milwaukie disposal areas, respectively. The total N and P content of the five sludges ranged from 3.9 to 6. 3% and 0.5 to 2. 9%, respectively. The inorganic N was primarily in the form of NH4-N. The trace element (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn) content of the sewage sludge fell within general ranges reported for municipal sludges, except for the Cr content (17, 700 ppm) of the Milwaukie sludge. The Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, NH4-N, NO3-N, and total N content increased in the surface soil of each sludge disposal area. The Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn, NH4-N and total N content of the treated soils compared closely to the control soils below 50 cm in the soil profile suggesting restricted movement of heavy metals. The NO3-N content in the soil profile increased with the sludge application rate. The NO3-N level of the Eugene and Hillsboro disposal areas was as high as 120 and 20 ppm, respectively. During the winter and spring, 1975, increased rainfall and cooler temperatures combined to decrease the NO3-N content in the surface soil and increase NO3-N levels in the lower soil horizons. The pH of the surface soil at the Eugene and Hillsboro disposal areas decreased from pH values of 6.4 to 4.6 and pH 4.8 to 4.4, respectively, a result of the nitrification reaction. The pH values of the other disposal areas compared closely to the control soil. The N and Zn content of the grass growing on the sludge-treated areas increased at the high sludge application rate compared to the grasses growing in the control area. The Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and P concentration increased in the grass sampled from the Eugene disposal area, while the Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and P content of grasses from the other sludge - treated areas compared more closely to the grasses from the control areas. The lower pH at the Eugene disposal area and the high sludge application rate combined to enhance the trace element uptake by plants. The NO3-N, NH4-N, P, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn content in the water samples from the Eugene, Milwaukie, Forest Grove, and Woodburn disposal areas were below the Public Health Service drinking water limits. The long-term disposal of municipal sewage sludges on agricultural land appears to be a viable waste disposal method, providing the sludge application rate and metal content are not excessively high. In any land disposal program for sewage sludge, the heavy metal accumulation in the soil surface and plants growing in the sludge-treated soil should be monitored.
Author: Irena Sherameti
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319145266
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 499
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Book Description
Following a description of the various sources and factors influencing the contents of heavy metal pollution in post-catastrophic and agricultural soils, subsequent chapters examine soil enzymes and eggs as bio-monitors, lead adsorption, the effects of arsenic on microbial diversity, and the effects of Mediterranean grasslands on abandoned mines. A third section focuses on the adaptation strategies used by plants and bacteria, such as Pinus sylvestris in industrial areas, and the rhizosphere in contaminated tropical soils and soil treated with sewage sludge. Further topics addressed include strategies of bioremediation, e.g. using transgenic plants as tools for soil remediation. This new volume on heavy metals in soil will be of interest to researchers and scholars in microbial and plant biotechnology, agriculture, the environmental sciences and soil ecology.
Author: Maria C. Hernandez Soriano
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 953511235X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 922
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Book Description
Soil is an irreplaceable resource that sustains life on the planet, challenged by food and energy demands of an increasing population. Therefore, soil contamination constitutes a critical issue to be addressed if we are to secure the life quality of present and future generations. Integrated efforts from researchers and policy makers are required to develop sound risk assessment procedures, remediation strategies and sustainable soil management policies. Environmental Risk Assessment of Soil Contamination provides a wide depiction of current research in soil contamination and risk assessment, encompassing reviews and case studies on soil pollution by heavy metals and organic pollutants. The book introduces several innovative approaches for soil remediation and risk assessment, including advances in phytoremediation and implementation of metabolomics in soil sciences.
Author: Iqbal Ahmad
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
This book is an up-to-date treatise on the impact of heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils primarily resulting from long-term application of wastewater, industrial effluents and sewage sludge, and atmospheric deposition. It addresses soil health, soil-microbe interactions, heavy metal accumulation in soil, behavior of metals in soil and bioremediation besides other pertinent topics.
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Majid Ghorayshi
Author: J. N. Lester
Author: Ernst Witter