Use of Recycled Aggregate Materials Characteristics in Pavement Design Analyses PDF Download
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Author: Ida Gheibi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Use of recycled materials promotes sustainability in roadway construction by reducing consumption of energy and emission of greenhouse gases associated with mining and the production of natural aggregates. Recycled asphalt pavements (RAP) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) have comparable characteristics to natural aggregates that are currently used in roadway base course applications. This study has developed a database for RAP and RCA materials' characteristics including resilient modulus (Mr), California bearing ratio (CBR), gradations along with construction specifications. RAP and RCA relationships with different engineering and index properties were investigated and some trends were proposed such as higher RAP content reveals higher summary of resilient modulus (SMr), higher RCA content causes higher optimum moisture content (OMC) and lower maximum dry unit (MDU).In addition, pavement mechanistic-empirical (ME) analyses have been conducted with the material inputs collected for the database to determine whether different values of different characteristics of RCA and RAP can be used in flexible or rigid pavement designs. Results showed that Mr parameter had the highest impact on pavement distress predictions among gradations and hydraulic conductivity.
Author: Ida Gheibi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Use of recycled materials promotes sustainability in roadway construction by reducing consumption of energy and emission of greenhouse gases associated with mining and the production of natural aggregates. Recycled asphalt pavements (RAP) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) have comparable characteristics to natural aggregates that are currently used in roadway base course applications. This study has developed a database for RAP and RCA materials' characteristics including resilient modulus (Mr), California bearing ratio (CBR), gradations along with construction specifications. RAP and RCA relationships with different engineering and index properties were investigated and some trends were proposed such as higher RAP content reveals higher summary of resilient modulus (SMr), higher RCA content causes higher optimum moisture content (OMC) and lower maximum dry unit (MDU).In addition, pavement mechanistic-empirical (ME) analyses have been conducted with the material inputs collected for the database to determine whether different values of different characteristics of RCA and RAP can be used in flexible or rigid pavement designs. Results showed that Mr parameter had the highest impact on pavement distress predictions among gradations and hydraulic conductivity.
Author: Bora Cetin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aggregates (Building materials)
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
The use of recycled materials promotes sustainability in roadway construction by reducing the consumption of energy and emission of greenhouse gases associated with mining and the production of virgin aggregate (VA). Recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) have comparable characteristics to VA that have been used in roadway base course applications. This study develops a database for RAP and RCA material characteristics, including gradation, compaction, resilient modulus (Mr), California bearing ratio (CBR), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat). In addition, this study summarizes construction specifications provided by several departments of transportation (DOTs) regarding the use of recycled aggregates in pavement systems. The effects of the presence of RAP and RCA in aggregate matrices on the engineering and index properties of aggregates are investigated and some trends are observed. For example, the study finds a higher RAP content reveals a higher summary Mr (SMr), and a higher RCA content causes an increase in optimum moisture content (OMC) and a decrease in maximum dry unit weight (MDU). In addition, a series of AASHTOWare Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical (ME) Design (PMED) analyses are conducted for three traffic volumes [low (1,000 AADTT), medium (7,500 AADTT), and high (25,000 AADTT)] with the material inputs collected for the database to determine whether different values of different characteristics of RCA and RAP can be used in flexible/rigid pavement designs. Results show that Mr has a higher effect on pavement distress predictions compared to gradation and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat).
Author: American Society of Civil Engineers
Publisher: Amer Society of Civil Engineers
ISBN: 9780784411049
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Book Description
Pavement Design And Paving Material Selection are important for efficient, cost effective, durable, and safe transportation infrastructure Paving Materials and Pavement Analysis contains 73 papers examining bound and unbound material characterization, modeling, and performance of highway and airfield pavements. The papers in this publication were presented during the GeoShanghal 2010 International Conference held in Shanghai, China, June 3-5, 2010.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
The successful incorporation of recycled aggregates in pavement design is important for achieving a higher level of sustainability in our transportation network. However, recycled aggregates are non-soil materials and have different unsaturated hydraulic and resilient modulus characteristics. This study investigated the unsaturated hydraulic properties and impact of soil suction on resilient modulus for compacted recycled aggregates used as unbound base course, including recycled asphalt pavement (RAP), recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), and recycled pavement material (RPM). Hydraulic properties and relationships including the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity were characterized using a hanging column test coupled with a large-scale testing cell. Regression of the hydraulic parameters from SWCC and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; data for each type of recycled materials was completed. The effect of water repellency on hydraulic properties was evaluated. Development of testing equipment and procedures that incorporate the effect of soil suction during resilient modulus measurement is presented. A mathematical model to predict resilient modulus based on bulk stress, octahedral shear stress, and soil suction is proposed. In addition, empirical relationships for predicting summary resilient modulus (SRM) via soil suction and SRM at optimum compaction for recycled aggregates are presented. Measured SRM and SWCCs for different types of recycled aggregate were used to evaluate flexible pavement performance according to the approach outlined in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (M-EPDG). The impact of environmental effects (including freeze-thaw cycles and changes in temperature) on the resilient modulus of recycled aggregates and subsequent pavement performance are evaluated and presented in this dissertation.
Author: Ravindra K Dhir
Publisher: ICE Publishing
ISBN: 9780727764638
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The book is an ideal source of information on the subject and would be a suitable addition to any library as a resource for researchers seeking to develop an overview of the research on this topic.
Author: Bora Cetin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aggregates (Building materials)
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
This project was performed to evaluate the performance of recycled aggregates and large stones used in the aggregate base/subbase layers of pavement systems and provide recommendations regarding pavement design and material selection. As part of this project, eleven test cells were built at MnROAD to evaluate the impact of recycled aggregates and large stones on the long-term pavement performance via a series of laboratory [permeability, soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC), stereophotography (image analysis), gyratory compaction, and resilient modulus (MR) tests] and field tests [intelligent compaction (IC), falling weight deflectometer tests (FWD), rutting measurements, international roughness index (IRI) measurements, light weight deflectometer (LWD) tests, and dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) tests]. In addition, a pavement mechanistic-empirical (ME) design approach was used to provide recommendations for designs of pavement systems containing recycled aggregate base (RAB) and large stone subbase (LSSB) layers. Overall, this project found that finer recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) material would be preferable to coarser RCA material and a blend of RCA and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) materials would be preferable to natural aggregate for aggregate base layers. RCA materials provided better performance than the blend of RCA and RAP materials, indicating that RCA materials would be preferable to the blend. For LSSB layers, this project found that geosynthetics would be required to successfully construct thinner LSSB layers. Overall, thicker LSSB layers provided better structural support than thinner LSSB layers both in the short term and the long term.
Author: Vahid Ayan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Intendancy for sustainability has made it necessary for the highways industry to adapt its traditional processes to more cost-effective, energy efficient and greener technologies. This research programme was developed with a key aim of investigating the technical viability of aggregates formed with different combinations of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA), Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Natural Aggregates (NA) when used in construction of unbound subbases of highway pavements. As strongly evident from a comprehensive literature review carried out, little information is available on the application of RCA and RCA/RAP as subbase materials. The suitability of RCA blended with RAP and NA were investigated and compared to the British Standards, Highway Agency specifications and the AASHTO standards requirements for highway design. Having established their suitability for highway design, then the performance of the materials was assessed under traffic loading. In compliance with the requirements of the above Standards/Specifications the in-situ loaded behavior of the aforementioned materials were also investigated. This was achieved through numerical analysis of a typical pavement structures comprising subbases made of the above materials. As a consequence, a series of analyses were carried out using KENLAYER TM computer program to model the stresses and deformations in the subbases. The results of the analyses were then applied to the Mohr Coulomb failure model in order to predict the factor of safety against failure of the subbase layer. Amongst the salient findings from the research was that most of the materials tested complied with the standard requirements. From a large number of tests carried out on materials collected in the UK and Iran, it was also demonstrated that the source of a recycled material and the method of extraction had a significant influence on the engineering properties of the material, especially the CBR. In terms of compaction and CBR requirements, the 50%RAP+50%RCA mix was demonstrated as suitable for unbound subbase application. Also, the presence of RAP in the mixes of RAP/RCA was found to improve the drainage properties of an unbound subbase layer. From the viewpoint of durability and frost susceptibility, it was verified that all the materials investigated were applicable to the highest significance level (as defined by AASHTO). However, based on stiffness considerations, the materials were found to be applicable only to the lowest significance level. Now, turning to the toughness and shear strength properties, the same materials were found to fall in the middle significance levels. The results of KENLAYER TM modeling indicated that the safety factor against failure of the mixes containing RAP and RCA decreased as the stiffness decreased. Evidently the research is likely to have a number of implications on the design and construction of highways. Firstly, the demonstrated viability of mixes containing recycled materials (RCA+RAP) can lead to significant cost savings, reduced CO2 emissions, reduced exploitation of virgin materials and minimization of dumping of civil engineering waste. If embraced in industry, the suggested use of recycled materials can help support National and international targets regarding sustainability, environmental and energy conservation. The research succeeded in cataloguing the specifications of RCA/RAP and RCA/NA for practical works, followed by development and evaluation of different mixes of recycled aggregates obtained from different sources. Detailed assessment based on compliance with requirements, performance prediction and modeling was completed.
Author: Lillian Gonzalez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aggregates (Building materials)
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Long term durability is a major concern for wide-scale use of recycled aggregate materials in civil engineering construction. The purpose of this study is to provide an insight into the damaging effects of combined wet-dry cycles and repeated mechanical loading in a recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) base course material made from recycled crushed concrete aggregate and cement. A coordinated experimental program followed by a mechanistic pavement modeling and life cycle analysis was conducted as part of this research study. This laboratory investigation was divided into three phases each consisting of both wet-dry exposed specimens (WD), and control or non wet-dry exposed specimens (NWD). Phase I experiments involved monotonic loading tests under compression and flexure to evaluate the strength properties. Phase II involved testing a total of 108 cylindrical specimens in cyclic compressive loading at three different stress ratios. After each regime of cyclic loading, residual compressive strengths were determined. In addition, the load-deformation hysteresis loops and the accumulated plastic deformation were continuously monitored through all loading cycles. Phase III included a flexural fatigue test program on 39 beam specimens, and fracture testing program on 6 notched beam specimens, each one having 19-mm initial notch. Traditional SR-N curves, relating the Stress Ratio (SR) with the number of cycles to failure (N or Nf), were developed. Fatigue crack growth rate and changes in Stress Intensity Factors were obtained to determine Paris Law constants and fracture toughness. A mechanistic analysis of a typical highway pavement incorporating RAC base was performed with KENPAVE program, followed by a Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) using the GaBi software. It was found that the specimens subjected to wet-dry cycles suffered significantly higher damage expressed in terms of accumulated plastic deformation, and loss of residual compressive strength, modulus, fatigue endurance limit, and design life, compared to specimens not exposed to wet-dry cycles. Although such degradation in material properties are important considerations in pavement design, a concurrent Life Cycle Analysis demonstrated that recycled aggregate concrete base course still holds promise as an alternative construction material from environmental stand point.
Author: Jorge de Brito
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1447145402
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
Concrete is the most used man-made material in the world since its invention. The widespread use of this material has led to continuous developments such as ultra-high strength concrete and self-compacting concrete. Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste focuses on the recent development which the use of various types of recycled waste materials as aggregate in the production of various types of concrete. By drawing together information and data from various fields and sources, Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste provides full coverage of this subject. Divided into two parts, a compilation of varied literature data related to the use of various types of industrial waste as aggregates in concrete is followed by a discussion of the use of construction and demolition waste as aggregate in concrete. The properties of the aggregates and their effect on various concrete properties are presented, and the quantitative procedure to estimate the properties of concrete containing construction and demolition waste as aggregates is explained. Current codes and practices developed in various countries to use construction and demolition waste as aggregates in concrete and issues related to the sustainability of cement and concrete production are also discussed. The comprehensive information presented in Recycled Aggregate in Concrete: Use of Industrial, Construction and Demolition Waste will be helpful to graduate students, researchers and concrete technologists. The collected data will also be an essential reference for practicing engineers who face problems concerning the use of these materials in concrete production.
Author: Wyoming. State Highway Department
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
A primary problem associated with recycling is the pollution created by the combustion of asphaltic material during heating in a conventional drum dryer. Also of importance is the aging characteristics of recycled materials and their performance. This report covers the testing and design methods, construction procedures, resulting air pollution, economy of operation, and performance of a pavement recycled and utilized as a surface course in southeastern Wyoming.
