Upcycling Organic Waste for the Sustainable Management of Soilborne Pests and Pathogens in Agri-Food Systems PDF Download
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Author: Jesus Fernandez Bayo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832504213
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Author: Jesus Fernandez Bayo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832504213
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
Author: Raymond Balaguer Barbosa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Vegetable production in Pennsylvania is one of the most important farming endeavors of the state. High tunnel production systems are a technology that facilitate crop protection against adverse weather, allowing for the extension of the growing season, and the achievement of higher produce yield and quality. Nevertheless, intensive soil cultivation, combined with monoculture or limited crop rotation that are common practices in high tunnel production systems, over time may lead to a higher presence of soilborne pests and pathogens that can offset the benefits of high tunnels. Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is proposed as a pre-plant, non-synthetic chemical soil disinfestation technique to reduce the incidence of a wide range of soilborne biotic issues. ASD is applied by amending the soil with a labile carbon (C) source, mulching the soil with totally impermeable film to prevent gaseous exchanges, and then irrigating the soil until the point of saturation. A critical requirement of the ASD method is the accessibility of a locally available and relatively inexpensive source of labile C. The objectives of the current study are to: 1) identify by-products of the local agri-food industry that may be suitable as C source for ASD and characterize their physicochemical properties; 2) assess their efficacy in promoting anaerobic conditions and evaluating their impact on plant growth performance, nutrient uptake, and yield. After identifying and sourcing local agri-food by-products suitable for ASD applications and evaluating their viability as potential C sources, selected by-products of the local agri-food industry were characterized in terms of physicochemical properties, determining their total C and nitrogen content, C:N ratio, easily oxidizable C fraction, total sugar content, and mineral content. The C sources selected were examined also for their seasonal and regional availability and for their cost, making considerations on transportation and processing requirement. In a second phase, ASD applications were conducted using the C sources selected. Anaerobic conditions and nutrient dynamics in the soil were monitored, as well as crop development, nutrient uptake, and fruit yield and quality performance. The research allowed to identify the most promising alternative C sources locally available in Pennsylvania and to evaluate their efficacy as C source for the ASD process and their impact on the crop following the ASD treatment in a lettuce-tomato double cropping system.
Author: International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Hiroshan Hettiarachchi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030362833
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Organic waste composting is another excellent example to demonstrate the power and the benefits of nexus thinking. Even though organic waste composting itself is not a new topic, those who want to start a new project or align an ongoing project with nexus thinking, find it difficult to gather the necessary information. With nine case studies from four continents, this book aims to fill above gap in literature. While current literature on composting is often found to be limited to either soil/agriculture sector or waste management sector, this book presents a combined point of view. This open access book starts with an introductory chapter that describes the need to bring the waste management aspects and soil nutrient management aspects of compost production into one integrated theme. The relevance of nexus thinking and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also presented in this introduction. The first three chapters after the introduction covers composting from the solid waste management and its policy aspects, taking examples from three developing countries. The next three examples are mostly about the benefits composting can provide to the soil and agriculture. These examples are also from three developing countries, but with a mixture of urban as well as rural settings. Last three chapters present more insight into the latest developments taking examples from Europe, as well as new methods adapted from the traditional styles from Africa.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309473926
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030).
Author: Arnold van Huis
Publisher: Bright Sparks
ISBN: 9789251075951
Category : Conservation of natural resources
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Edible insects have always been a part of human diets, but in some societies there remains a degree of disdain and disgust for their consumption. Although the majority of consumed insects are gathered in forest habitats, mass-rearing systems are being developed in many countries. Insects offer a significant opportunity to merge traditional knowledge and modern science to improve human food security worldwide. This publication describes the contribution of insects to food security and examines future prospects for raising insects at a commercial scale to improve food and feed production, diversify diets, and support livelihoods in both developing and developed countries. It shows the many traditional and potential new uses of insects for direct human consumption and the opportunities for and constraints to farming them for food and feed. It examines the body of research on issues such as insect nutrition and food safety, the use of insects as animal feed, and the processing and preservation of insects and their products. It highlights the need to develop a regulatory framework to govern the use of insects for food security. And it presents case studies and examples from around the world. Edible insects are a promising alternative to the conventional production of meat, either for direct human consumption or for indirect use as feedstock. To fully realise this potential, much work needs to be done by a wide range of stakeholders. This publication will boost awareness of the many valuable roles that insects play in sustaining nature and human life, and it will stimulate debate on the expansion of the use of insects as food and feed.
Author: Christopher Somerville
Publisher: Fao
ISBN: 9789251085325
Category : Aquaponics
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This technical paper begins by introducing the concept of aquaponics, including a brief history of its development and its place within the larger category of soil-less culture and modern agriculture. It discusses the main theoretical concepts of aquaponics, including the nitrogen cycle and the nitrification process, the role of bacteria, and the concept of balancing an aquaponic unit. It then moves on to cover important considerations of water quality parameters, water testing, and water sourcing for aquaponics, as well as methods and theories of unit design, including the three main methods of aquaponic systems: media beds, nutrient film technique, and deep water culture. The publication discusses in detail the three groups of living organisms (bacteria, plants and fish) that make up the aquaponic ecosystem. It also presents management strategies and troubleshooting practices, as well as related topics, specifically highlighting local and sustainable sources of aquaponic inputs. The publication also includes nine appendixes that present other key topics: ideal conditions for common plants grown in aquaponics; chemical and biological controls of common pests and diseases including a compatible planting guide; common fish diseases and related symptoms, causes and remedies; tools to calculate the ammonia produced and biofiltration media required for a certain fish stocking density and amount of fish feed added; production of homemade fish feed; guidelines and considerations for establishing aquaponic units; a cost-benefit analysis of a small-scale, media bed aquaponic unit; a comprehensive guide to building small-scale versions of each of the three aquaponic methods; and a brief summary of this publication designed as a supplemental handout for outreach, extension and education.
Author: Ahmed Abdelhafez
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 178985895X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced from the pyrolysis of organic materials from agricultural and forestry biomass at a relatively low temperature in the absence of oxygen. As such, it has potential for solving many agricultural and environmental problems.This book is divided into five sections: “Introduction,” “Production and Legislation of Biochar,” “Applications of Biochar for Soil Fertility Improvement,” “Role of Biochar for Soil Remediation and Ameliorating Salinity Effects” and “Applications of Biochar for Water Treatment.” Chapters address topics such as the pros and cons of biochar, its production, and its role in remediating and treating contaminated soils and water.
Author: Chongrak Polprasert
Publisher: Wiley
ISBN: 9780471964827
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book is a guide to the principles and practice of organic waste recycling, it addresses low-cost waste recycling technologies utilising microbial and natural processes. A wide range of topics is covered, opening with a discussion of the need for and the problems involved in organic waste recycling. The characteristics of a number of organic waste materials from a variety of sources, and the pollution and health risks which may be associated with them are described. The central core of the book presents a broad range of technologies used in the recycling of organic waste materials to produce valuable products such as : fertiliser, biogas, algae, fish and irrigated crops. Each recycling technology is described with respect to : objectives, benefits and limitations, environmental requirements, design criteria of the process, use of recycled products and public health aspects. This second edition has been completely revised and up-dated. It includes new sections on: waste minimisation and clean technology, application of constructed wetlands and regulatory aspects of waste disposal and recycling. Case studies of successful waste recycling programs are included and exercises for solving both theoretical and practical problems are given.
Author: Walter Leal Filho
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319730282
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 575
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Book Description
This book gathers contributions from scientists and industry representatives on achieving a sustainable bioeconomy. It also covers the social sciences, economics, business, education and the environmental sciences. There is an urgent need to optimise and maximise the use of biological resources, so that primary production and processing systems can generate more food, fibre and other bio-based products with less environmental impacts and lower greenhouse gas emissions. In other words, we need a “sustainable bioeconomy” – a term that encompasses the sustainable production of renewable resources from land, fisheries and aquaculture environments and their conversion into food, feed, fibre bio-based products and bio-energy, as well as related public goods. Despite the relevance of achieving a sustainable bioeconomy, there are very few publications in this field. Addressing that gap, this book illustrates how biological resources and ecosystems could be used in a more sustainable, efficient and integrated manner – in other words, how the principles of sustainable bioeconomy can be implemented in practice. Given its interdisciplinary nature, the field of sustainable bioeconomy offers a unique opportunity to address complex and interconnected challenges, while also promoting economic growth. It helps countries and societies to make a transition and to use resources more efficiently, and shows how to rely less on biological resources to satisfy industry demands and consumer needs. The papers are innovative, cross-cutting and include many practice-based lessons learned, some of which are reproducible elsewhere. In closing, the book, prepared by the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme (IUSDRP) and the World Sustainable Development Research and Transfer Centre (WSD-RTC), reiterates the need to promote a sustainable bioeconomy today.
