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Author: Smruti Jadav
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pharmacy management
Languages : en
Pages :
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Objective: (i) To describe the national trend of mammogram screening, clinical breast examination and breast cancer screening from 2000 to 2010 by race. (ii) To estimate racial disparities for mammogram screening, clinical breast examination and breast cancer screening from 2000 to 2010. Methods: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2000 to 2010 was used for the analysis. All females with age ≥40 years were included in the study. Outcome variables were mammogram screening (MS), clinical breast examination (CBE) and breast cancer screening (BCS). MS and CBE were defined as those females who received MS and CBE respectively in previous one or two years. BCS was defined as those who received MS and CBE (both) in previous one or two years. Main independent variable was race categorized as non-Hispanic whites (NHW), non-Hispanic blacks (NHB), Hispanics and others. Descriptive analysis was conducted to describe the national trends in MS, CBE and BCS for each year from 2000 to 2010 by race. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify racial disparities in MS, CBE and BCS; and non-linear Blinder Oaxaca decomposition was conducted to decompose disparities in explained and unexplained component. Results: Final cohort consisted of 79,068 females (weighted sample size= 764,361,258). MS, CBE and BCS rates were almost stable throughout the decade. In multivariate logistic regression, NHB (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.16-1.40, p
Author: Smruti Jadav
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pharmacy management
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Objective: (i) To describe the national trend of mammogram screening, clinical breast examination and breast cancer screening from 2000 to 2010 by race. (ii) To estimate racial disparities for mammogram screening, clinical breast examination and breast cancer screening from 2000 to 2010. Methods: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2000 to 2010 was used for the analysis. All females with age ≥40 years were included in the study. Outcome variables were mammogram screening (MS), clinical breast examination (CBE) and breast cancer screening (BCS). MS and CBE were defined as those females who received MS and CBE respectively in previous one or two years. BCS was defined as those who received MS and CBE (both) in previous one or two years. Main independent variable was race categorized as non-Hispanic whites (NHW), non-Hispanic blacks (NHB), Hispanics and others. Descriptive analysis was conducted to describe the national trends in MS, CBE and BCS for each year from 2000 to 2010 by race. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify racial disparities in MS, CBE and BCS; and non-linear Blinder Oaxaca decomposition was conducted to decompose disparities in explained and unexplained component. Results: Final cohort consisted of 79,068 females (weighted sample size= 764,361,258). MS, CBE and BCS rates were almost stable throughout the decade. In multivariate logistic regression, NHB (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.16-1.40, p
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Despite general consensus that breast cancer (BC) survivors should undergo annual mammography, findings indicate over 1 in 7 women fail to receive a mammogram within 2 years of BC treatment, and that African Americans are almost half as likely to participate in mammography screening as Caucasians. To develop and pilot test a survey instrument to understand what factors influence a BC survivor's decision to receive mammography and whether differences exist in these factors by patient race. Methods: Using information from the literature and focus groups (two each among African American and Caucasian BC survivors), we developed a mailed patient survey, which was mailed to African American and Caucasian BC survivors. Results were analyzed to identify the beliefs, social influences, and preferences for mammography screening attributes. Results: Overall, general trends showed that test accuracy, friendliness of staff, and ease of appointment scheduling were important attributes to mammogram screening use. Although the low response rates among non-users precluded us from comprehensively evaluating racial differences in the factors associated with mammogram use following BC treatment, the results provide promising preliminary data. Future research will continue investigations into understanding the mammography use decision making process and how this process differs by race. A primary consideration will also be how to improve research participation rates among non-users.
Author: Aamir Ahmad
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030203018
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 427
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Resistance to therapies, both targeted and systemic, and metastases to distant organs are the underlying causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The second edition of Breast Cancer Metastasis and Drug Resistance brings together some of the leading experts to comprehensively understand breast cancer: the factors that make it lethal, and current research and clinical progress. This volume covers the following core topics: basic understanding of breast cancer (statistics, epidemiology, racial disparity and heterogeneity), metastasis and drug resistance (bone metastasis, trastuzumab resistance, tamoxifen resistance and novel therapeutic targets, including non-coding RNAs, inflammatory cytokines, cancer stem cells, ubiquitin ligases, tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways such as TRAIL, JAK-STAT and mTOR) and recent developments in the field (epigenetic regulation, microRNAs-mediated regulation, novel therapies and the clinically relevant 3D models). Experts also discuss the advances in laboratory research along with their translational and clinical implications with an overarching goal to improve the diagnosis and prognosis, particularly that of breast cancer patients with advanced disease.
Author: National Center for Health Statistics
Publisher: Government Printing Office
ISBN: 9780160939778
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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This annual overview report of national trends in health statistics contains a Chartbook that assesses the nation's health by presenting trends and current information on selected measures of morbidity, mortality, health care utilization and access, health risk factors, prevention, health insurance, and personal health-care expenditures. Chapters devoted to population characteristics, prevention, health risk factors, health care resources, personal health care expenditures, health insurance, and trend tables may provide the health/medical statistician, data analyst, biostatistician with additional information to complete experimental studies or provide necessary research for pharmaceutical companies to gain data for modeling and sampling. Undergraduate students engaged in applied mathematics or statistical compilations to graduate students completing biostatistics degree programs to include statistical inference principles, probability, sampling methods and data analysis as well as specialized medical statistics courses relating to epidemiology and other health topics may be interested in this volume. Related products: Your Guide to Choosing a Nursing Home or Other Long-Term Services & Supports available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/your-guide-choosing-nursing-home-or-other-long-term-services-supports Health Insurance Coverage in the United States, 2014 available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/health-insurance-coverage-united-states-2014 "Some System of the Nature Here Proposed": Joseph Lovell's Remarks on the Sick Report, Northern Department, U.S. Army, 1817, and the Rise of the Modern US Army Medical Department can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/some-system-nature-here-proposed-joseph-lovells-remarks-sick-report-northern-department-us Guide to Clinical Preventive Services 2014: Recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (ePub) -Free digital eBook download available at the US Government Online Bookstore here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/products/guide-clinical-preventive-services-2014-recommendations-us-preventive-services-task-force --Also available for FREE digital eBook download from Apple iBookstore, BarnesandNoble.com (Nook Bookstore), Google Play eBookstore, and Overdrive -Please use ISBN: 9780160926426 to search these commercial platforms.
Author: Dianhong Luo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This study used the de-identified breast cancer screen data which recorded the information of 58231 screens and 22534 participants with different background. The analysis of disparities on age, ethnic, health insurance and screen location has been done based on screen and participant number. Women younger than 50 or white, or the women without insurance are most likely to take the screen. The percentages are 40%,64% and 40% under each category. The most popular location for screen is partnership clinic, which comprise 43% of screens. The year 2006 has the most screens which is 6861, and 2001 has the least which is 4813. The trend over the years and the disparities of pathology results were assessed. Chi-square test was performed to check the association. The odds ratios based on participants number are calculated. For race/insurance, in age groups "50-", "50-59" and "70+", the odds of white people with insurance is about 1.7, 1.9 and 0.4 of black people with insurance. No difference was found in age group "60-69'. For race/pathology result, the significant result is only for age group "70+", and the odds of white women with "Negative" pathology result is 4.4 times of black women with "Negative" pathology result. Besides, for insurance/pathology result, the odds of women with insurance "Yes" having "Negative" pathology result are 2.26 and 2,08 times of the women with insurance "Yes" having "Negative" pathology result for age group "50-" and "50-59. The follow-up study was presented in this thesis. The maximum number that each person took the screen is 17. The majority (45%) only take screen once. About 19% of women take twice, 12% take triple. Only 1 woman takes 17 times. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to check the association.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030908265X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 781
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Book Description
Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color.
Author: Amelie G. Ramirez
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303029286X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio. Latinos – the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States – are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress. The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices, community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos. Topics included among the chapters: Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research Emerging policies in U.S. health care Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.
Author: Rachel Marie Dolan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Book Description
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Although black women have a lower incidence of breast cancer compared to white women, their overall mortality is higher. Black women are more likely to get cancer at a younger age and at a more advanced stage. Mammography is the best form of secondary prevention for breast cancer; however, previous research indicates that black women over 40 are less likely to receive a mammogram than white women. Mammography utilization in women under 40 has had little evaluation. Employing a logistic regression analysis to the 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component, this study attempts to determine if racial disparities do exist in mammography utilization, as this could indicate a need for a change in policy with regards to screening for breast cancer. This analysis finds that race is associated with mammography utilization. The results indicate that controlling for income, education, age and insurance status, black women age 30 to 39 are on average more likely to have ever had a mammogram than white women in this age group. Demographic and personal characteristics also differ in importance across different racial and ethnic groups. Future research should focus on women with increased risk factors such as a family history of breast cancer or a genetic predisposition to determine if screening differs by race among women of different risks. When considering future policies, it is important to enable women to know their personal risk, as well as ensure that high-risk women of any age continue to be able to access preventive screening.
Author: Aziza Mahamoud
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breast
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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