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Author: L. Bolis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642699030
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
The importance of toxins and other phanuacologically active com pounds obtained from marine animals cannot be emphasized enough. The use of these chemicals for defense or attack of other life fonus are of interest in themselves; however, they are of great importance in our understanding of their mechanisms of action in view of possible application in the defense of man (no doubt a predator) and in biol ogy and medicine. The toxin of the flat fish Pardachirus presented in some of the papers of this book is an example of a defense mechanism based on secretion of a toxin that could possibly be extended to being used to defend man himself from sharks, the marine predators par ex cellence. August, 1984 J. ZADUNAISKY Preface The study of toxins, drugs, and pollutants in the marine environment, and their impact on human life existed already in Babylon and Assyria, Egypt, Persia, India, China, Japan, Greece, Rome and South America. Nevertheless, less is known about ethnic marine biology than about ethnobotany. Only recently however, have active biotoxins been used as molecular probes in neuropharmacology, offering intriguing new insights into nervous activity and muscular functions. It is clear from the presentations at this meeting that much remains to be done, and certainly new, more pharmacologically oriented find ings lie ahead.
Author: L. Bolis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642699030
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
The importance of toxins and other phanuacologically active com pounds obtained from marine animals cannot be emphasized enough. The use of these chemicals for defense or attack of other life fonus are of interest in themselves; however, they are of great importance in our understanding of their mechanisms of action in view of possible application in the defense of man (no doubt a predator) and in biol ogy and medicine. The toxin of the flat fish Pardachirus presented in some of the papers of this book is an example of a defense mechanism based on secretion of a toxin that could possibly be extended to being used to defend man himself from sharks, the marine predators par ex cellence. August, 1984 J. ZADUNAISKY Preface The study of toxins, drugs, and pollutants in the marine environment, and their impact on human life existed already in Babylon and Assyria, Egypt, Persia, India, China, Japan, Greece, Rome and South America. Nevertheless, less is known about ethnic marine biology than about ethnobotany. Only recently however, have active biotoxins been used as molecular probes in neuropharmacology, offering intriguing new insights into nervous activity and muscular functions. It is clear from the presentations at this meeting that much remains to be done, and certainly new, more pharmacologically oriented find ings lie ahead.
Author: L Bolis (Ed)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Joseph G. Vos
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203165578
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 656
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Book Description
The activities of modern society have unleashed a range of toxic chemicals into the global environment. Many of these toxicants are now being detected in increasing quantities in the tissues of marine mammals, most notably in top predators who acquire relatively large amounts of toxic chemicals by ingesting contaminated prey. Toxicology of M
Author: Melanie Bergmann
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319165100
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
This book describes how man-made litter, primarily plastic, has spread into the remotest parts of the oceans and covers all aspects of this pollution problem from the impacts on wildlife and human health to socio-economic and political issues. Marine litter is a prime threat to marine wildlife, habitats and food webs worldwide. The book illustrates how advanced technologies from deep-sea research, microbiology and mathematic modelling as well as classic beach litter counts by volunteers contributed to the broad awareness of marine litter as a problem of global significance. The authors summarise more than five decades of marine litter research, which receives growing attention after the recent discovery of great oceanic garbage patches and the ubiquity of microscopic plastic particles in marine organisms and habitats. In 16 chapters, authors from all over the world have created a universal view on the diverse field of marine litter pollution, the biological impacts, dedicated research activities, and the various national and international legislative efforts to combat this environmental problem. They recommend future research directions necessary for a comprehensive understanding of this environmental issue and the development of efficient management strategies. This book addresses scientists, and it provides a solid knowledge base for policy makers, NGOs, and the broader public.
Author: Govind Pandey
Publisher: Daya Publishing House
ISBN: 9789386071347
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
The key target systems and organismal effects of 'Fish Toxicology' describe the key target organ systems for chemical impacts in fish, how chemicals produce cancer in these animals and how fish can develop resistance to chemical or drug toxicity. Therefore in fish, as in humans, livestock, companion animals, equines, wild animals and laboratory animals, pharmacology and toxicology cover all researches involved with basic and clinical pharmacology and toxicology. Human medicines may potentially induce similar pharmacological and toxicological actions in fish. Fish not only play an important role in the demand of food for humans but they are widely used as 'model organisms' for various biological experiments. Fish and other aquatic organisms are exposed from different substances like chemicals, drugs, toxicants or pollutants. Most of these substances or their metabolites cause pollution, leading to toxicity and various diseases including cancer. Therefore, the fishery scientists must develop the skill in recognizing the action and toxicity of such toxic substances in fish.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309084385
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278
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Book Description
Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309136997
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.
Author: Juan Carlos Duran-Alvarez
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0081029721
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
Pharmaceuticals in Marine and Coastal Environments: Occurrence, Effects, and Challenges in a Changing World is divided into three sections that address a) coastal areas as the main entrance of pharmaceuticals into the ocean, b) the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the environmental compartments of the ocean media, and c) the effects that such pollutants may cause to the exposed marine organisms. With its comprehensive discussions, the book provides a wide depiction of the current state-of-the-art on these topics in an effort to open new sources of investigation and find suitable solutions. - Includes maps edited by the Water Information Network System of the International Hydrological Program (IHP-WINS) - Provides a compilation of information regarding the occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in the marine environment which will help establish new and more efficient monitoring programs and new research lines - Depicts the most important results of environmental risk assessments that can be used as a first step for further toxicological studies
Author: Winona Vernberg
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 032314540X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 579
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Book Description
Physiological Mechanisms of Marine Pollutant Toxicity contains the proceedings of a symposium on ""Pollution and Marine Organisms"" held at the University of South Carolina in Columbia, South Carolina, on November 30 to December 3, 1981. It explores the effects of pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and pesticides, on the physiology of marine organisms, along with the functional aspects of detoxification and the environmental health implications of pollution. Organized into three sections encompassing 24 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion of subcellular accumulation and detoxification of metals in aquatic animals such as fishes, crabs, and polychaetes. The reader is then introduced to the physiological mechanisms of pollutant toxicity, including the sublethal effects of pollutants on the gill morphology of the scallop, Placopecten magellanicus; mechanisms underlying the tolerance of killifish embryos to heavy metals; increased sensitivity of smolts in seawater to petroleum hydrocarbons, such as toluene and naphthalene; and physiological effects of sublethal concentrations of benzene and dimethylnaphthalene on blue crab juveniles. The book concludes by outlining research directions for linking cause and effect concerning pollution and marine organisms. This book will be a valuable resource for marine scientists, ecologists, and students.
Author: Philip Wexler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic animals
Languages : en
Pages : 22
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Book Description
