The Study of the Substituent and Solvent Effects on the Acidity of OH and CH Acids PDF Download
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Author: Viljar Pihl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acids
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Author: Viljar Pihl
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acids
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
Author: O. A. Reutov
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483163830
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
Ch-Acids deals with the acidity of all organic compounds containing C-H bonds. CH-acidity characterizes thermodynamic stability of carbanions in a medium containing a proton donor as carbanion acceptor. The book primarily explains proton transfer stereochemistry or structure in relation to CH-acidity patterns. Methods to study equilibrium acidity; tabulation of pKa values of CH-acids; and equilibrium acidity as a function of CH-acid structures are presented. Topics on kinetic CH-acidity; stereochemistry of proton transfer in CH-acids; and factors obscuring experimental observation of the action of the Bronsted equation are discussed extensively. The text will be of importance to organometallic and organic chemists.
Author: Brian G. Cox
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191649333
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
Acids and bases are ubiquitous in chemistry. Our understanding of them, however, is dominated by their behaviour in water. Transfer to non-aqueous solvents leads to profound changes in acid-base strengths and to the rates and equilibria of many processes: for example, synthetic reactions involving acids, bases and nucleophiles; isolation of pharmaceutical actives through salt formation; formation of zwitter- ions in amino acids; and chromatographic separation of substrates. This book seeks to enhance our understanding of acids and bases by reviewing and analysing their behaviour in non-aqueous solvents. The behaviour is related where possible to that in water, but correlations and contrasts between solvents are also presented. Fundamental background material is provided in the initial chapters: quantitative aspects of acid-base equilibria, including definitions and relationships between solution pH and species distribution; the influence of molecular structure on acid strengths; and acidity in aqueous solution. Solvent properties are reviewed, along with the magnitude of the interaction energies of solvent molecules with (especially) ions; the ability of solvents to participate in hydrogen bonding and to accept or donate electron pairs is seen to be crucial. Experimental methods for determining dissociation constants are described in detail. In the remaining chapters, dissociation constants of a wide range of acids in three distinct classes of solvents are discussed: protic solvents, such as alcohols, which are strong hydrogen-bond donors; basic, polar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide; and low-basicity and low polarity solvents, such as acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran. Dissociation constants of individual acids vary over more than 20 orders of magnitude among the solvents, and there is a strong differentiation between the response of neutral and charged acids to solvent change. Ion-pairing and hydrogen-bonding equilibria, such as between phenol and phenoxide ions, play an increasingly important role as the solvent polarity decreases, and their influence on acid-base equilibria and salt formation is described.
Author: Ain Uustare
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cellular signal transduction
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
Author: Ivo Leito
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid-base equilibrium
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
Author: M Liler
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323154034
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 365
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Book Description
Reaction Mechanisms in Sulfuric Acid and other Strong Acid Solutions covers the reactivity in sulfuric acid and other strongly acid solutions. This book is composed of five chapters that emphasize the measure of acidity of sulfuric acid and other acid solutions. Chapters 1 and 2 discuss the physical, thermodynamic, spectroscopic properties, and acidity functions of sulfuric acid/water mixtures. Chapters 3 and 4 examine the protonation and more complex modes of ionization of compounds in these acidic media. Chapter 5 outlines first the possible mechanisms of reactions in acid solutions followed by a discussion of mechanistic criteria that have been developed in order to distinguish between kinetically indistinguishable alternatives. This chapter also presents some methods of kinetic investigation, which are specific to concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. Inorganic chemists and researchers, teachers, and students will find this book invaluable.
Author: Eneli Härk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Complex ions
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Author: Christian Reichardt
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527642137
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 722
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Book Description
Now in its 4th edition, this book remains the ultimate reference for all questions regarding solvents and solvent effects in organic chemistry. Retaining its proven concept, there is no other book which covers the subject in so much depth, the handbook is completely updated and contains 15% more content, including new chapters on "Solvents and Green chemistry", "Classification of Solvents by their Environmental Impact", and "Ionic Liquids". An essential part of every organic chemist's library.
Author: Sergei Yurchenko
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carcinogens
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: Francis A. Carey
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461397928
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 601
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Book Description
