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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
The Spallation Neutron Source being built at the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee requires a 1 GeV proton linac. Los Alamos has responsibility for the RF systems for the entire linac. The linac requires 3 distinct types of RF systems: 2.5-MW peak, 402.5 MHz, RF systems for the RFQ and DTL (7 systems total); 5-MW peak, 805 MHz systems for the CCL and the two energy corrector cavities (6 systems total); and 550-kW peak, 805 MHz systems for the superconducting sections (8 1 systems total). The design of the SNS Linac RF system was presented at the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference in Chicago. Vendors have been selected for the klystrons (3 different vendors), circulators (I vendor), transmitter (1 vendor), and high power RF loads (3 different vendors). This paper presents the results and status of vendor procurements, test results of the major components of the Linac RF system and our installation progress.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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Book Description
The Spallation Neutron Source being built at the Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee requires a 1 GeV proton linac. Los Alamos has responsibility for the RF systems for the entire linac. The linac requires 3 distinct types of RF systems: 2.5-MW peak, 402.5 MHz, RF systems for the RFQ and DTL (7 systems total); 5-MW peak, 805 MHz systems for the CCL and the two energy corrector cavities (6 systems total); and 550-kW peak, 805 MHz systems for the superconducting sections (8 1 systems total). The design of the SNS Linac RF system was presented at the 2001 Particle Accelerator Conference in Chicago. Vendors have been selected for the klystrons (3 different vendors), circulators (I vendor), transmitter (1 vendor), and high power RF loads (3 different vendors). This paper presents the results and status of vendor procurements, test results of the major components of the Linac RF system and our installation progress.
Author: Steven H. Gold
Publisher: American Institute of Physics
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 460
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Book Description
This is the sixth in a series of international workshops on high-power and high-energy density microwave devices for accelerator, plasma physics, and defense applications. Past workshops were held in Dubna, Montauk, Hayama, Pajaro Dunes, and Snowbird. The theme is research and development of techniques to increase microwave energy density and peak power in active and passive microwave devices and components ranging from L-band to W-band. The scope of this workshop has now been broadened to include radar and high power microwave (HPM) systems, space exploration, neutron sources, and even plasma heating and current drive in controlled thermonuclear fusion research.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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A high-intensity proton linac, such as that being planned for the SNS, requires accurate RF control of cavity fields for the entire pulse in order to avoid beam spill. The current design requirement for the SNS is RF field stability within ±0.5% and ±0.5 . This RF control capability is achieved by the control electronics using the excess RF power to correct disturbances. To minimize the initial capital costs, the RF system is designed with 'just enough' RF power. All the usual disturbances exist, such as beam noise, klystron/HVPS noise, coupler imperfections, transport losses, turn-on and turn-off transients, etc. As a superconducting linac, there are added disturbances of large magnitude, including Lorentz detuning and microphonics. The effects of these disturbances and the power required to correct them are estimated, and the result shows that the highest power systems in the SNS have just enough margin, with little or no excess margin.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A high-intensity proton linac, such as that being planned for the SNS, requires accurate RF control of cavity fields for the entire pulse in order to avoid beam spill. The current design requirement for the SNS is RF field stability within "0.5% and "0.5{sup o} [1]. This RF control capability is achieved by the control electronics using the excess RF power to correct disturbances. To minimize the initial capital costs, the RF system is designed with 'just enough' RF power. All the usual disturbances exist, such as beam noise, klystron/HVPS noise, coupler imperfections, transport losses, turn-on and turn-off transients, etc. As a superconducting linac, there are added disturbances of large magnitude, including Lorentz detuning and microphonics. The effects of these disturbances and the power required to correct them are estimated, and the result shows that the highest power systems in the SNS have just enough margin, with little or no excess margin.
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Book Description
High Power Proton Linacs are under development or proposed for development at Los Alamos and elsewhere. By current standards these linacs all require very large amounts of RF power. The Accelerator for Production of Tritium (APT) is a CW accelerator with an output current and energy of 100 mA and 1,700 MeV, respectively. The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), in its ultimate configuration, is a pulsed accelerator with an average output power of 4 MW of beam. Other accelerators such as those that address transmutation and upgrades to LANSCE have similar requirements. For these high average power applications, the RF systems represent approximately half of the total cost of the linac and are thus key elements in the design and configuration of the accelerator. Los Alamos is fortunate to be actively working on both APT and SNS. For these programs the author is pursuing a number of component developments which are aimed at one or more of the key issues for large RF systems: technical performance, capital cost, reliability, and operating efficiency. This paper briefly describes some of the linac applications and then provides updates on the key RF developments being pursued.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Nuclear physics
Languages : en
Pages : 546
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Charged particle accelerators use various vacuum windows on their accelerating RF cavities to pass very high RF power through for the acceleration of particles. The accelerating cavities and the windows should be cleaned, baked and fully RF conditioned to eliminate poor vacuum caused by outgassing and other contamination. The linear accelerator (Linac) in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) contains various accelerating cavity structures and RF conditioning of their high power vacuum windows is necessary for present work as well as future upgrade and development. An example is the coaxial fundamental power coupler (FPC) with an annular alumina ceramic window for each of the 81 superconducting RF cavities in the SNS Linac. The FPC's need to be tested up to 650 kW peak in traveling wave and 2.6 MW in standing wave in 1.3 microsecond 60 pulses per second RF. 805 MHz, 550-kW klystrons (700 kW maximum) are the main power source of the superconducting Linac and the conditioning power source of the FPC's. The conditioning process has to be controlled very carefully not to damage the window; with the high power RF the initial vacuum is unpredictable and any unsafe vacuum level can damage the high quality ceramic windows. In this thesis, an Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) controlled RF conditioning system for the SNS RF Test Facility (RFTF) has been presented. Various RF and control instruments are integrated through the EPICS system on Linux platform to measure and to control the vacuum and the RF power while monitoring electron emission and unwanted arcing during the conditioning. Monitoring arcing at the window and flow and temperature of cooling water in high power RF load and ceramic window is necessary to interlock the RF not to have any kind of undesirable operation condition. The interlock system has been designed by using the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and an RF switch with microseconds response time. Usually the whole conditioning process takes several days, so it is necessary to get the flexibility to control, monitor, and archive the system operation remotely along with good upgradeability. To get these advantages in EPICS, VXI/VME based Input and Output Controller (IOC)s are used for controlling and monitoring the RF conditioning system. This thesis summarizes all the hardware and software design strategies, provides the results obtained so far at room temperature and describes the future research scope.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Los Alamos completed the R & D program for the SNS linac in September 2002 with publication of a comprehensive report on the SNS coupled-cavity linac (CCL) hot model. In this paper we summarize the results of this R & D program and its effect on the SNS linac design. We review the design of the bridge-coupled CCL, the refinement of the design through cold models, and the fabrication and testing of a hot model. We describe the RF system used to power the model, the prototype water and vacuum systems, and the experimental tests of these systems, including low-power, high-power, and radiation measurements. The CCL hotmodel experiments answered vital questions about design, manufacturability, tunabily, and stability for this type of RF structure.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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We present status of high-power linac design studies for a proposed National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS), based on a linac/accumulator-ring accelerator system. Overall project is a collaboration involving 5 national laboratories. ORNL will be responsible for the target, facilities, and conceptual design; BNL will be responsible for the ring; LBNL will be responsible for the injector, including the RFQ and a low-energy chopper in front of the RFQ; LANL will be responsible for the main linac; and ANL will be responsible for the instrumentation. The facility will be built at Oak Ridge. In the first phase, the dual-frequency linac with 402.5 and 805 MHz frequencies must deliver to the accumulator ring an H− beam near 1 GeV, with about 1 ms pulse length, a repetition rate 60 Hz, and average beam power ≥ 1 MW. The linac can be upgraded by a factor of 4 in beam power by increasing the dc injector current, and by funneling the beams from two 402.5 MHz low-energy linacs into the 805-MHz high-energy linac. Requirements for low beam loss in both linac and ring have important implications for linac design, including the requirement to provide efficient beam chopping to provide low-loss extraction for the ring. Linac design options and initial parameters are presented together with initial beam-dynamics simulation results.
Author: Chuan Zhang
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031409671
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
This book guides readers into the realm of particle accelerators, which have served as indispensable tools for fundamental research, energy development, medical therapy, industrial applications, national security, etc., since 1924. Towards a new generation of high power proton and ion accelerators, challenges often come from space charge effects, which are most pronounced in low-velocity beams. This book focuses on Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerators, one of the most popular front-end structures for accelerator facilities, and their beam physics. Uncovering the limitations of the classic design methods, novel approaches to achieve efficient RFQ accelerators with high beam quality will be presented. In addition, new ideas for possible future developments, such as how to realize long RFQs with high performance and how RFQs can be applied for much higher beam-velocities to shorten large-scale accelerators, will be introduced. To provide a general overview of the research and development of RFQs accelerating particle species from protons to uranium ions, this book uses over 10 real examples developed or proposed in the twenty-first century for various facilities of different dimensions (from large scale e.g. a collider to small scale e.g. university experimental setups). With its rich content and comprehensive scope, this book is an invaluable reference for researchers and graduate students interested in RFQ accelerators and the intricacies of space charge physics in low-velocity beams.
