The Quantization of Gravity PDF Download
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Author: Claus Gerhardt
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031679229
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
Author: Claus Gerhardt
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031679229
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Claus Gerhardt
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783031679216
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
A unified quantum theory incorporating the four fundamental forces of nature is one of the major open problems in physics. The Standard Model combines electro-magnetism, the strong force and the weak force, but ignores gravity. The quantization of gravity is therefore a necessary first step to achieve a unified quantum theory. In this monograph a canonical quantization of gravity has been achieved by quantizing a geometric evolution equation resulting in a hyperbolic equation in a fiber bundle, where the base space represents a Cauchy hypersurface of the quantized spacetime and the fibers the Riemannian metrics in the base space. The hyperbolic operator, a second order partial differential operator, acts both in the fibers as well as in the base space. In this second edition new results are presented which allow the solutions of the hyperbolic equation to be expressed as products of spatial and temporal eigenfunctions of self-adjoint operators. These eigenfunctions form complete bases in appropriate Hilbert spaces. The eigenfunctions depending on the fiber elements are a subset of the Fourier kernel of the symmetric space SL(n,R)/SO(n), where n is the dimension of the base space; they represent the elementary gravitons corresponding to the degrees of freedom in choosing the entries of Riemannian metrics with determinants equal to one. These are all the degrees of freedom available because of the coordinate system invariance: For any smooth Riemannian metric there exists an atlas such that in each chart the determinant of the metric is equal to one. In the important case n=3 the Standard Model could also be incorporated such that one can speak of a unified quantization of all four fundamental forces of nature.
Author: Steven Carlip
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521545884
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
The first comprehensive survey of (2+1)-dimensional quantum gravity - for graduate students and researchers.
Author: Lee Smolin
Publisher: Basic Books
ISBN: 0465013244
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 251
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Book Description
"It would be hard to imagine a better guide to this difficult subject." -- Scientific American In Three Roads to Quantum Gravity, Lee Smolin provides an accessible overview of the attempts to build a final "theory of everything." He explains in simple terms what scientists are talking about when they say the world is made from exotic entities such as loops, strings, and black holes and tells the fascinating stories behind these discoveries: the rivalries, epiphanies, and intrigues he witnessed firsthand. "Provocative, original, and unsettling." -- The New York Review of Books "An excellent writer, a creative thinker." -- Nature
Author: Claus Kiefer
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199585202
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 406
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Book Description
Quantum theory and Einstein's theory of relativity are at the centre of modern theoretical physics, yet, the consistent unification of both theories is still elusive. This book offers an up-to-date introduction into the attempts to construct a unified theory of "quantum gravity".
Author: W. Israel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401026394
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
The 1972 Banff lectures attempted a systematic exposition of the ideas underlying recent developments in general relativity and its astronomical applications at a level accessible and useful to graduate students having some previous acquaintance with the subject. To our regret, it was not possible to include any printed record of Peebles' beautiful lectures on observational cosmology or of the many stimulating seminars on special topics contributed by the participants. What remains is nevertheless a reason ably self-contained and compact introduction to Einstein's theory in its modern in carnation, and we hope it will be found useful by the many physicists, astronomers, and mathematicians who wish to update and deepen their understanding of the theory. On behalf of the organizing committee, I should like to express appreciation to a number of people whose help was crucial to the success of the enterprise: to Jan van Kranendonk, who initiated the idea of a Banff summer school on general relativity; to him and to David Rowe and Don Betts for inspiration and moral support; to our indefatigable secretaries Olwyn Buckland and Leslie Hughes; and to Garry Nash, Richard Sigal, Tim Spanos, and Gordon Wilson who helped in a variety of ways to keep the wheels running. How much we owe to the splendid cooperative effort of the lecturers will be clear to any reader of the following pages.
Author: Viatcheslav Mukhanov
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521868341
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
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Author: Sabine Hossenfelder
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319645374
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
This book summarizes recent developments in the research area of quantum gravity phenomenology. A series of short and nontechnical essays lays out the prospects of various experimental possibilities and their current status. Finding observational evidence for the quantization of space-time was long thought impossible. In the last decade however, new experimental design and technological advances have changed the research landscape and opened new perspectives on quantum gravity. Formerly dominated by purely theoretical constructions, quantum gravity now has a lively phenomenology to offer. From high precision measurements using macroscopic quantum oscillators to new analysis methods of the cosmic microwave background, no stone is being left unturned in the experimental search for quantum gravity. This book sheds new light on the connection of astroparticle physics with the quantum gravity problem. Gravitational waves and their detection are covered. It illustrates findings from the interconnection between general relativity, black holes and Planck stars. Finally, the return on investment in quantum-gravitation research is illuminated. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers entering the field.
Author: Domenico J. W. Giulini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783540408109
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
The relation between quantum theory and the theory of gravitation remains one of the most outstanding unresolved issues of modern physics. According to general expectation, general relativity as well as quantum (field) theory in a fixed background spacetime cannot be fundamentally correct. Hence there should exist a broader theory comprising both in appropriate limits, i.e., quantum gravity. This book gives readers a comprehensive introduction accessible to interested non-experts to the main issues surrounding the search for quantum gravity. These issues relate to fundamental questions concerning the various formalisms of quantization; specific questions concerning concrete processes, like gravitational collapse or black-hole evaporation; and the all important question concerning the possibility of experimental tests of quantum-gravity effects.
Author: Herbert W. Hamber
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354085293X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
"Quantum Gravitation" approaches the subject from the point of view of Feynman path integrals, which provide a manifestly covariant approach in which fundamental quantum aspects of the theory such as radiative corrections and the renormalization group can be systematically and consistently addressed. It is shown that the path integral method is suitable for both perturbative as well as non-perturbative studies, and is already known to offer a framework for the theoretical investigation of non-Abelian gauge theories, the basis for three of the four known fundamental forces in nature. The book thus provides a coherent outline of the present status of the theory gravity based on Feynman’s formulation, with an emphasis on quantitative results. Topics are organized in such a way that the correspondence to similar methods and results in modern gauge theories becomes apparent. Covariant perturbation theory are developed using the full machinery of Feynman rules, gauge fixing, background methods and ghosts. The renormalization group for gravity and the existence of non-trivial ultraviolet fixed points are investigated, stressing a close correspondence with well understood statistical field theory models. The final chapter addresses contemporary issues in quantum cosmology such as scale dependent gravitational constants and quantum effects in the early universe.
