Author: Albert Ellis, PhD
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826122175
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 281
Book Description
Reissued with a new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, St. John's University "New trainees often get the theory of psychopathology; they struggle to get the case conceptualization and the strategic plan. Then they ask themselves. "What do I do now?" Going from the abstractions to the actions is not always clear. The Practice of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy represents a compilation of years of theoretical and clinical insights distilled into a specific theory of disturbance and therapy and deductions for specific clinical strategies and techniques....The structure of this books focuses on an explication of the theory, a chapter on basic practice, and a chapter on an in depth case study. A detailed chapter follows on the practice of individual psychotherapy. Although the book is not broken into sections, the next four chapters represent a real treasure. The authors focus on using REBT in couples, family, group, and marathons sessions. Doing REBT with one person is difficult to learn. Once the clinician adds more people to the room with different and sometimes competing agendas things get more complicated. These chapters will not only help the novice clinician but also the experienced REBT therapists work better in these types of sessions. So, consider yourself lucky for having picked up this book. Reading it will help many people get better." - From the Foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, Director of Professional Education, Albert Ellis Institute; Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology, St. John's University This edition, involving a unique collaboration between Albert Ellis and the world's greatest Ellis scholar, Windy Dryden, modernizes Ellis's pioneering theories. The book begins with an explanation of rational emotive behavior therapy as a general treatment model and then addresses different treatment modalities, including individual, couple, family, and sex therapy. The authors have added material new since the book's original edition on teaching the principles of unconditional self-acceptance in a structured group setting. With extensive use of actual case examples to illustrate each of the different settings, and a new brand new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe that sets the book into its 21st-century context.
The Practice of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Author: Albert Ellis, PhD
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826122175
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 281
Book Description
Reissued with a new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, St. John's University "New trainees often get the theory of psychopathology; they struggle to get the case conceptualization and the strategic plan. Then they ask themselves. "What do I do now?" Going from the abstractions to the actions is not always clear. The Practice of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy represents a compilation of years of theoretical and clinical insights distilled into a specific theory of disturbance and therapy and deductions for specific clinical strategies and techniques....The structure of this books focuses on an explication of the theory, a chapter on basic practice, and a chapter on an in depth case study. A detailed chapter follows on the practice of individual psychotherapy. Although the book is not broken into sections, the next four chapters represent a real treasure. The authors focus on using REBT in couples, family, group, and marathons sessions. Doing REBT with one person is difficult to learn. Once the clinician adds more people to the room with different and sometimes competing agendas things get more complicated. These chapters will not only help the novice clinician but also the experienced REBT therapists work better in these types of sessions. So, consider yourself lucky for having picked up this book. Reading it will help many people get better." - From the Foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, Director of Professional Education, Albert Ellis Institute; Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology, St. John's University This edition, involving a unique collaboration between Albert Ellis and the world's greatest Ellis scholar, Windy Dryden, modernizes Ellis's pioneering theories. The book begins with an explanation of rational emotive behavior therapy as a general treatment model and then addresses different treatment modalities, including individual, couple, family, and sex therapy. The authors have added material new since the book's original edition on teaching the principles of unconditional self-acceptance in a structured group setting. With extensive use of actual case examples to illustrate each of the different settings, and a new brand new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe that sets the book into its 21st-century context.
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826122175
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 281
Book Description
Reissued with a new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, St. John's University "New trainees often get the theory of psychopathology; they struggle to get the case conceptualization and the strategic plan. Then they ask themselves. "What do I do now?" Going from the abstractions to the actions is not always clear. The Practice of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy represents a compilation of years of theoretical and clinical insights distilled into a specific theory of disturbance and therapy and deductions for specific clinical strategies and techniques....The structure of this books focuses on an explication of the theory, a chapter on basic practice, and a chapter on an in depth case study. A detailed chapter follows on the practice of individual psychotherapy. Although the book is not broken into sections, the next four chapters represent a real treasure. The authors focus on using REBT in couples, family, group, and marathons sessions. Doing REBT with one person is difficult to learn. Once the clinician adds more people to the room with different and sometimes competing agendas things get more complicated. These chapters will not only help the novice clinician but also the experienced REBT therapists work better in these types of sessions. So, consider yourself lucky for having picked up this book. Reading it will help many people get better." - From the Foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, Director of Professional Education, Albert Ellis Institute; Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology, St. John's University This edition, involving a unique collaboration between Albert Ellis and the world's greatest Ellis scholar, Windy Dryden, modernizes Ellis's pioneering theories. The book begins with an explanation of rational emotive behavior therapy as a general treatment model and then addresses different treatment modalities, including individual, couple, family, and sex therapy. The authors have added material new since the book's original edition on teaching the principles of unconditional self-acceptance in a structured group setting. With extensive use of actual case examples to illustrate each of the different settings, and a new brand new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe that sets the book into its 21st-century context.
Overcoming Resistance
Author: Albert Ellis PhD
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 9780826149121
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
With a new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, St. John's University "Albert Ellis has written many books on his favorite topic Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. Although he writes on that topic very well, he often does not write about generic psychotherapy. REBT is an integrative form of psychotherapy. Following this model, psychotherapists can incorporate many diverse techniques and strategies to change clients' dysfunctional behaviors and emotions . Much of what Al identifies as good REBT in this book is just good psychotherapy. Because people so universally identify Al with REBT, people may generally overlook his wisdom as a clinician. Having worked with Al for more than thirty years, I have been fortunate enough to learn from him. Much of the knowledge I learned from Al and cherish the most is not necessarily about REBT theory. They concern wise ways of thinking about clinical problems. That is why, out of all Al's books, this is my favorite. This is Al Ellis, the clinician." -- From the Foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, Director of Professional Education, Albert Ellis Institute; Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology, St. John's University Now available in an affordable paperback, this edition takes a look at the underlying causes of resisting cognitive-emotional-behavioral change and the methods used to overcome them. Written in present-action language, Ellis gives an overview of the basic principles of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Ellis charts the changes in the field that have taken place in the 20 years leading up to 2002, when this edition was originally published. The book also integrates recent therapies into REBT, including psychotherapy, solution-focused therapy, and recent findings of experimental psychology.
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 9780826149121
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
With a new foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, St. John's University "Albert Ellis has written many books on his favorite topic Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. Although he writes on that topic very well, he often does not write about generic psychotherapy. REBT is an integrative form of psychotherapy. Following this model, psychotherapists can incorporate many diverse techniques and strategies to change clients' dysfunctional behaviors and emotions . Much of what Al identifies as good REBT in this book is just good psychotherapy. Because people so universally identify Al with REBT, people may generally overlook his wisdom as a clinician. Having worked with Al for more than thirty years, I have been fortunate enough to learn from him. Much of the knowledge I learned from Al and cherish the most is not necessarily about REBT theory. They concern wise ways of thinking about clinical problems. That is why, out of all Al's books, this is my favorite. This is Al Ellis, the clinician." -- From the Foreword by Raymond DiGiuseppe, PhD, ScD, Director of Professional Education, Albert Ellis Institute; Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology, St. John's University Now available in an affordable paperback, this edition takes a look at the underlying causes of resisting cognitive-emotional-behavioral change and the methods used to overcome them. Written in present-action language, Ellis gives an overview of the basic principles of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Ellis charts the changes in the field that have taken place in the 20 years leading up to 2002, when this edition was originally published. The book also integrates recent therapies into REBT, including psychotherapy, solution-focused therapy, and recent findings of experimental psychology.
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy in Sport and Exercise
Author: Martin Turner
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780367407803
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
Book Description
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) is one of the most widely used counselling approaches in the world and is one of the original forms of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy in Sport and Exercise is the first and only book to date to examine the use of REBT in sport and exercise. It brings together leading international experts and practitioners to reflect on the use of REBT in sport and exercise, and examine the techniques used. Each chapter contains a case study, contextualising theory into practice, giving a rare and detailed insight into the use of REBT across a diverse range of issues. Some of the topics covered include: - the theory and practice of REBT - REBT intervention for competition anxiety - the use of REBT interventions in Paralympic soccer - the use of REBT in managing injury and loss - using REBT to address symptoms of exercise dependence - REBT intervention to improve low frustration tolerance Offering an invaluable insight into the practical application of REBT, this book is essential reading for undergraduates, postgraduates, trainee and qualified sport and exercise psychologists, and counsellors wishing to move into sport and exercise.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780367407803
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
Book Description
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) is one of the most widely used counselling approaches in the world and is one of the original forms of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy in Sport and Exercise is the first and only book to date to examine the use of REBT in sport and exercise. It brings together leading international experts and practitioners to reflect on the use of REBT in sport and exercise, and examine the techniques used. Each chapter contains a case study, contextualising theory into practice, giving a rare and detailed insight into the use of REBT across a diverse range of issues. Some of the topics covered include: - the theory and practice of REBT - REBT intervention for competition anxiety - the use of REBT interventions in Paralympic soccer - the use of REBT in managing injury and loss - using REBT to address symptoms of exercise dependence - REBT intervention to improve low frustration tolerance Offering an invaluable insight into the practical application of REBT, this book is essential reading for undergraduates, postgraduates, trainee and qualified sport and exercise psychologists, and counsellors wishing to move into sport and exercise.
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Author: Albert Ellis
Publisher: Practical Therapist
ISBN: 9781886230613
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
"From the often credited 'creator of psychology's cognitive revolution,' Albert Ellis' comprehensive guidebook for practicing therapists includes thorough discussions of theory and procedures, case examples, and dozens of exercises. Modern cognitive-behavioral therapy has its roots in the rational approach created by Albert Ellis - the 'father of rational therapy' - in the 1950s. Now known as Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), Ellis' systematic, integrative approach has grown and matured into powerful mainstream psychotherapy. Hundreds of thousands of patients have benefited from the active interventions of therapists using the REBT model. Major themes in this user-friendly manual: theory of REBT, practice of REBT, cognitive techniques, emotive and experiential techniques, behavioral techniques, integration of REBT and other therapies." - Back cover.
Publisher: Practical Therapist
ISBN: 9781886230613
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
"From the often credited 'creator of psychology's cognitive revolution,' Albert Ellis' comprehensive guidebook for practicing therapists includes thorough discussions of theory and procedures, case examples, and dozens of exercises. Modern cognitive-behavioral therapy has its roots in the rational approach created by Albert Ellis - the 'father of rational therapy' - in the 1950s. Now known as Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), Ellis' systematic, integrative approach has grown and matured into powerful mainstream psychotherapy. Hundreds of thousands of patients have benefited from the active interventions of therapists using the REBT model. Major themes in this user-friendly manual: theory of REBT, practice of REBT, cognitive techniques, emotive and experiential techniques, behavioral techniques, integration of REBT and other therapies." - Back cover.
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy
Author: Windy Dryden
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135452288
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy: Theoretical Developments is a cutting edge examination of the theory behind this popular approach within the cognitive-behavioural tradition. Distinguished practitioners and authors discuss the relevance of: · cross-disciplinary factors affecting REBT · REBT as an intentional therapy · differentiating preferential from exaggerated and musturbatory beliefs in REBT · irrational beliefs as schemata. Thought-provoking presentation of case studies and the latest theory revision give Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy: Theoretical Developments a distinctive slant: a challenging discussion of the approach's openness to revision from within and outside the ranks of REBT, and its implications for the future.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135452288
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy: Theoretical Developments is a cutting edge examination of the theory behind this popular approach within the cognitive-behavioural tradition. Distinguished practitioners and authors discuss the relevance of: · cross-disciplinary factors affecting REBT · REBT as an intentional therapy · differentiating preferential from exaggerated and musturbatory beliefs in REBT · irrational beliefs as schemata. Thought-provoking presentation of case studies and the latest theory revision give Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy: Theoretical Developments a distinctive slant: a challenging discussion of the approach's openness to revision from within and outside the ranks of REBT, and its implications for the future.
A Practitioner's Guide to Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Author: Raymond A. DiGiuseppe
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199908184
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 411
Book Description
Extensively updated to include clinical findings over the last two decades, this third edition of A Practitioner's Guide to Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy reviews the philosophy, theory, and clinical practice of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). This model is based on the work of Albert Ellis, who had an enormous influence on the field of psychotherapy over his 50 years of practice and scholarly writing. Designed for both therapists-in-training and seasoned professionals, this practical treatment manual and guide introduces the basic principles of rational-emotive behavior therapy, explains general therapeutic strategies, and offers many illustrative dialogues between therapist and patient. The volume breaks down each stage of therapy to present the exact procedures and skills therapists need, and numerous case studies illustrate how to use these skills. The authors describe both technical and specific strategic interventions, and they stress taking an integrative approach. The importance of building a therapeutic alliance and the use of cognitive, emotive, evocative, imaginal, and behavioral interventions serves as the unifying theme of the approach. Intervention models are presented for the treatment of anxiety, depression, trauma, anger, personality disorders, and addictions. Psychologists, clinical social workers, mental health counselors, psychotherapists, and students and trainees in these areas will find this book useful in learning to apply rational-emotive behavior therapy in practice.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199908184
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 411
Book Description
Extensively updated to include clinical findings over the last two decades, this third edition of A Practitioner's Guide to Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy reviews the philosophy, theory, and clinical practice of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). This model is based on the work of Albert Ellis, who had an enormous influence on the field of psychotherapy over his 50 years of practice and scholarly writing. Designed for both therapists-in-training and seasoned professionals, this practical treatment manual and guide introduces the basic principles of rational-emotive behavior therapy, explains general therapeutic strategies, and offers many illustrative dialogues between therapist and patient. The volume breaks down each stage of therapy to present the exact procedures and skills therapists need, and numerous case studies illustrate how to use these skills. The authors describe both technical and specific strategic interventions, and they stress taking an integrative approach. The importance of building a therapeutic alliance and the use of cognitive, emotive, evocative, imaginal, and behavioral interventions serves as the unifying theme of the approach. Intervention models are presented for the treatment of anxiety, depression, trauma, anger, personality disorders, and addictions. Psychologists, clinical social workers, mental health counselors, psychotherapists, and students and trainees in these areas will find this book useful in learning to apply rational-emotive behavior therapy in practice.
Rational Emotive Behavioral Approaches to Childhood Disorders
Author: Albert Ellis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387263756
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 485
Book Description
Since the groundbreaking first edition of Rational Emotive Approaches to the Problems of Childhood by Albert Ellis and Michael Bernard two decades ago, our understanding of the nature and treatment of children’s problems has grown considerably. Now in a completely new volume, Albert Ellis and children’s REBT specialist Professor Michael Bernard have revised and updated this pioneering volume to reflect both the latest in clinical practice and research. Fourteen expert contributors (including many from the original) share with the editors a deep commitment to integrating REBT with other cognitive-behavioral methods, and to providing young people with developmentally appropriate care. Together they give readers a practical framework for conducting assessment, treatment, and prevention with individuals, clients and groups as well as in family and school settings. Key features of this new edition include: Developmental considerations in using REBT with children and adolescents Specific chapters devoted to major disorders -- aggression, phobias anxiety, depression, academic underachievement, and ADHD Latest strategies for challenging and changing the irrational beliefs of young people Techniques for building key REBT skills: emotional resilience and frustration tolerance Extensive research findings on the efficacy of REBT with young people Brand-new material on special issues -- involving parents, conducting group sessions, and working with exceptional children An overview of Rational Emotive Education and You Can Do It! Education, school-based applications of REBT With coverage this thorough, Ellis, Bernard, and collaborators have created a resource of immediate value to child and adolescent mental health practitioners including school psychologists, school counselors, school social workers, behavior therapists, and family therapists, and educators involved in helping young people overcome behavioral disorders.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387263756
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 485
Book Description
Since the groundbreaking first edition of Rational Emotive Approaches to the Problems of Childhood by Albert Ellis and Michael Bernard two decades ago, our understanding of the nature and treatment of children’s problems has grown considerably. Now in a completely new volume, Albert Ellis and children’s REBT specialist Professor Michael Bernard have revised and updated this pioneering volume to reflect both the latest in clinical practice and research. Fourteen expert contributors (including many from the original) share with the editors a deep commitment to integrating REBT with other cognitive-behavioral methods, and to providing young people with developmentally appropriate care. Together they give readers a practical framework for conducting assessment, treatment, and prevention with individuals, clients and groups as well as in family and school settings. Key features of this new edition include: Developmental considerations in using REBT with children and adolescents Specific chapters devoted to major disorders -- aggression, phobias anxiety, depression, academic underachievement, and ADHD Latest strategies for challenging and changing the irrational beliefs of young people Techniques for building key REBT skills: emotional resilience and frustration tolerance Extensive research findings on the efficacy of REBT with young people Brand-new material on special issues -- involving parents, conducting group sessions, and working with exceptional children An overview of Rational Emotive Education and You Can Do It! Education, school-based applications of REBT With coverage this thorough, Ellis, Bernard, and collaborators have created a resource of immediate value to child and adolescent mental health practitioners including school psychologists, school counselors, school social workers, behavior therapists, and family therapists, and educators involved in helping young people overcome behavioral disorders.
Contemporary Theory and Practice in Counseling and Psychotherapy
Author: Howard E. A. Tinsley
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483324788
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 864
Book Description
Contemporary Theory and Practice in Counseling and Psychotherapy by Howard E. A. Tinsley, Suzanne H. Lease, and Noelle S. Giffin Wiersma is a comprehensive, topically arranged text that provides a contemporary account of counseling theories as practiced by internationally acclaimed experts in the field. Each chapter covers the way mindfulness, strengths-based positive psychology, and the common factors model is integrated into the theory. A special emphasis on evidence-based practice helps readers prepare for their work in the field.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483324788
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 864
Book Description
Contemporary Theory and Practice in Counseling and Psychotherapy by Howard E. A. Tinsley, Suzanne H. Lease, and Noelle S. Giffin Wiersma is a comprehensive, topically arranged text that provides a contemporary account of counseling theories as practiced by internationally acclaimed experts in the field. Each chapter covers the way mindfulness, strengths-based positive psychology, and the common factors model is integrated into the theory. A special emphasis on evidence-based practice helps readers prepare for their work in the field.
Stress Counselling
Author: Albert Ellis
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1446265706
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
`The text is clear and easy to follow with vivid sessional excerpts that illustrate the theoretical dialogue′ - International Review of Psychiatry `The publication proves to contain much instructive and practice-oriented material′ - Nursing Standard Stress Counselling is a comprehensive study of the theory and practice of the Rational Emotive Behaviour approach applied to stress counselling and psychotherapy. Albert Ellis pioneered Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT), which has since been adopted internationally. This approach enables the clients to embark on a course of effective counselling which has a clear beginning and end. This book discusses techniques and solutions to common problems and also provides guidance on conducting group work. Its comprehensive coverage includes additional material on techniques such as skills training, relaxation methods, hypnosis and biofeedback.
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1446265706
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
`The text is clear and easy to follow with vivid sessional excerpts that illustrate the theoretical dialogue′ - International Review of Psychiatry `The publication proves to contain much instructive and practice-oriented material′ - Nursing Standard Stress Counselling is a comprehensive study of the theory and practice of the Rational Emotive Behaviour approach applied to stress counselling and psychotherapy. Albert Ellis pioneered Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT), which has since been adopted internationally. This approach enables the clients to embark on a course of effective counselling which has a clear beginning and end. This book discusses techniques and solutions to common problems and also provides guidance on conducting group work. Its comprehensive coverage includes additional material on techniques such as skills training, relaxation methods, hypnosis and biofeedback.
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy
Author: Windy Dryden
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134085222
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Book Description
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) encourages the client to focus on their emotional problems in order to understand, challenge and change the irrational beliefs that underpin these problems. REBT can help clients to strengthen conviction in their alternative rational beliefs by acting in ways that are consistent with them and thus encourage a healthier outlook. This accessible and direct guide introduces the reader to REBT while indicating how it is different from other approaches within the broad cognitive behavioural therapy spectrum. Divided into two sections; The Distinctive Theoretical Features of REBT and The Distinctive Practical Features of REBT, this book presents concise, straightforward information in 30 key points derived from the author’s own experience in the field. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy: Distinctive Features will be invaluable to both experienced clinicians, and those new to the field. It will appeal to psychotherapists and counsellors, together with students and practitioners who are keen to learn how REBT can be differentiated from the other approaches to CBT.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134085222
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Book Description
Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) encourages the client to focus on their emotional problems in order to understand, challenge and change the irrational beliefs that underpin these problems. REBT can help clients to strengthen conviction in their alternative rational beliefs by acting in ways that are consistent with them and thus encourage a healthier outlook. This accessible and direct guide introduces the reader to REBT while indicating how it is different from other approaches within the broad cognitive behavioural therapy spectrum. Divided into two sections; The Distinctive Theoretical Features of REBT and The Distinctive Practical Features of REBT, this book presents concise, straightforward information in 30 key points derived from the author’s own experience in the field. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy: Distinctive Features will be invaluable to both experienced clinicians, and those new to the field. It will appeal to psychotherapists and counsellors, together with students and practitioners who are keen to learn how REBT can be differentiated from the other approaches to CBT.