The Parasite Fauna of Yellow Perch (Perca Flavescens) from Canadian Lakes with an Emphasis on Arrow Lake, Black Bay and Sandstone Lake, Northwestern Ontario PDF Download
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Author: George Pardalis
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ISBN:
Category : Yellow perch
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Author: George Pardalis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Yellow perch
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Author: Michael W. Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 776
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The fish parasite communities of four Canadian Shield lakes (L239, L240, L377 and Triangle Lake) in the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA), Ontario were surveyed over three seasons in 1997 and 1998 and one season in 1999. Thirteen of fifteen fish species sampled from the study lakes harboured parasites; northern pike (Esox lucius), lake cisco (Coregonus artedii), pearl dace (Margariscus margarita), blacknose shiner (Notropis heterolepis), spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), longnose dace (Rhinichtys cataractae), white sucker (Catostontus commersoni), burbot (Lota lota), brook stickleback (Culea inconslans), slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), Iowa darter (Etheostoma exile) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens). A total of 112,188 parasites were detected, with 87% (n = 1926) of the necropsied fish having at least one parasite. Forty-one species of parasites representing 32 genera and 26 families were found; 35 species used fish as definitive hosts and six species used birds as the definitive hosts. The most omnivorous fish species (perch, white sucker and pearl dace) had the most diverse parasite infracommunities while the most specialized consumers had the least diverse parasite infracommunities (the piscivores, pike and burbot and the zooplanktivorous cisco) or lacked parasites entirely (the algavorous northern redbelly dace, Phoxinus eos, and finescale dace, P. neogaeus). The parasite communities of the four ELA lakes were less speciose than those reported from larger lacustrine systems in Ontario and Manitoba. The parasite community composition of yellow perch was typical of perch in other systems, however, there were new host and locality records for several parasite species infecting other fish species. For example, the pearl dace was infected with five parasites not previously reported from this host in North America and two not previously reported from this host in Canada. There were distinct seasonal and age-related trends in the parasite communities of yellow perch populations that correlated with seasonal and ontogenetic dietary shifts, respectively. Understanding parasite community structure can improve understanding of host population ecology and clarify many aspects of ecosystem biotic and abiotic interactions. Detailed analysis as performed in this study is a useful tool for describing the factors affecting parasite community composition. A restricted invertebrate and fish fauna in these nutrient poor lakes can be important in controlling the parasite fauna infecting yellow perch, which could be more predictable than that observed in large, productive lakes. Allogenic parasites are most common in Triangle Lake and enterics in L239. Parasite species richness is highest in L239 and diversity is highest in L240. Glugea sp. is the most dominant and abundant parasite species in all but Triangle Lake. Triangle Lake and L377 perch have the fastest growth rates and reach the greatest total length and age of all sampled perch. Yellow perch length and age are both highly correlated with parasite richness, intensity and abundance. Female perch usually had significantly greater species richness than males but intensity and abundance were significantly higher than males in only two lakes each. L239 and Triangle Lake had parasite assemblages that were significantly non-random largely due to subpopulations of parasite species transmitted through macrobenthos. Perch parasite communities in all four lakes showed significantly more nestedness than expected by chance. Parasite-induced pathology of yellow perch was also examined in these shield lakes. Glugea sp. xenomas in cells of the intestinal wall and in visceral fat and Apophallus brevis metacercariae infecting the musculature reduced the growth of perch resulting in mortality in younger and smaller fish. High numbers of Raphidascaris acus, encysted in the liver of yellow perch, correlated significantly with a reduction in visceral fat weight in 1+ females and 0+ and 1+ males. A significant correlation in these subsamples indicates that host sex, size, trophic status and relative weight of the liver are linked to R. acus density. The data suggests that interactions among parasitic infections and age, size and sex of the fish host can affect growth and survival of the host, especially during periods of low energy inputs and reproductive stress. Stable isotopes (C and N) have proven to be important tools for obtaining information on the trophic relationships within food webs. Combining parasite community studies with stable isotopes could improve the effectiveness of detailed food web analyses. Parasite communities are particularly useful since they can identify both prey and non-prey components of the host's community. Triangle Lake perch had distinct isotope ratios that separated them from the other three populations. Stable C isotope ratios for all perch ranged from - -340/00 to -190/00 while stable N isotope ratios ranged from - 4.50/00 to 12.50/00. These ranges are larger than those observed in many other fish species. Perch diet was the most significant predictor of stable C isotope ratio. Perch parasite fauna was the most significant predictor of stable N ratios. In particular, parasite fauna indicative of zooplanktivorous or piscivorous perch were most accurate for predicting fish trophic position and thus stable isotope ratio. Fish length and age showed no significant relationship with isotope ratios.
Author: Natalie MacCormack
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Yellow perch
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Author: Peggy E. Miller
Publisher:
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Category : Freshwater fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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A previously unknown microsporidian parasite that severely degrades muscle of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from lakes in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Lake Ontario was identified as belonging to the genus Heterosporis. This parasite is characterized by pyriform-shaped spores that are contained in sporophorocysts. In the wild, yellow perch, burbot (Lota lota), mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi), trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), northern pike (Esox lucius), walleye (Sander vitreus) and rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris) harbor Heterosporis naturally, but laboratory studies showed that 12 other fish species are susceptible to infection. In laboratory trials, smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieui) consumed significantly more fathead minnows infected with Heterosporis sp. than uninfected. Microscopically, Heterosporis sp. infection can be detected in the muscle of fish two weeks after exposure, and visually identified after seven weeks. To confirm infection, a PCR diagnostic assay was developed. Heterosporis spores are rendered noninfective by freezing, desiccation for 24 h, exposure to 2,200 mg/L bleach, and aging in air-exposed water for six months. This parasite can infect a wide range of fish species which can lead to devastating losses in commercial and sport fishing; however, there are preventative measures that may limit the spread of the parasite.
Author: Carrie Innes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Yellow perch
Languages : en
Pages : 66
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Author: Robert Louis Hein
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Category : Helminths
Languages : en
Pages : 75
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Author: Sister Noel Gerads
Publisher:
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Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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![Parasite Communities of Yellow Perch (Perca Flavescens [Mitchill], Patterns, Processes and Origins of Associations PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/6rJlAQAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Salah el-Din el-Zarka
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Languages : en
Pages :
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Variability in annual recruitment for many fishes is correlated with survival during the larval phase. Yellow perch in Lake Michigan have experienced sustained recruitment failure since 1990 and this has been blamed on low larval survival. Direct examination of factors important to larval yellow perch survival in Lake Michigan is complicated by the large size of the lake (52,000 km2) and the short length of the pelagic larval period (30-40 days). Individual-based modeling is a valuable indirect method for assessing the importance of multiple factors to larval survival. I used an individual-based modeling approach combined with field data collection to test four hypotheses regarding factors limiting survival of larval yellow perch in Lake Michigan. I tested whether larval survival is limited by prey community composition, size-selective predation, advection of larvae into offshore habitat or an interaction of these factors. I sampled larval and zooplankton abundance in Lake Michigan along a transect from 1 - 32 km from shore in 2000 and 2001. I conducted laboratory experiments to quantify larval vulnerability to predation by three typical predators as a function of both predator and prey size. I also conducted laboratory experiments to quantify larval selectivity for different zooplankton prey as a function of larval size and prey community composition. I used the results of these experiments to develop an individual-based model specifically to describe growth and survival of larval yellow perch. Field data suggest that larval yellow perch are being transported from the nearshore to the offshore zone of Lake Michigan, but the timing of this transport varies between years. Model simulations in which the offshore prey community and the timing of larval advection were both varied suggested that larval survival will be highest in years when advection occurs within two weeks of peak hatch, allowing larvae to exploit offshore prey resources early during ontogeny. The.
