Colloidal Dispersions PDF Download
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Author: William Bailey Russel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521426008
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
This book covers the physical side of colloidal science from the individual forces acting between particles smaller than a micrometer that are suspended in a liquid, through the resulting equilibrium and dynamic properties. A variety of internal forces both attractive and repulsive act in conjunction with Brownian motion and the balance between them all decides the phase behaviour. On top of this various external fields, such as gravity or electromagnetic fields, diffusion and non-Newtonian rheology produce complex effects, each of which is of important scientific and technological interest. The authors aim to impart a sound, quantitative understanding based on fundamental theory and experiments with well-characterised model systems. This broad grasp of the fundamentals lends insight and helps to develop the intuitive sense needed to isolate essential features of the technological problems and design critical experiments. The main prerequisites for understanding the book are basic fluid mechanics, statistical mechanics and electromagnetism, though self contained reviews of each subject are provided at appropriate points. Some facility with differential equations is also necessary. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter, making the work suitable as a textbook for graduate courses in chemical engineering or applied mathematics. It will also be useful as a reference for individuals in academia or industry undertaking research in colloid science.
Author: William Bailey Russel
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521426008
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 548
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book covers the physical side of colloidal science from the individual forces acting between particles smaller than a micrometer that are suspended in a liquid, through the resulting equilibrium and dynamic properties. A variety of internal forces both attractive and repulsive act in conjunction with Brownian motion and the balance between them all decides the phase behaviour. On top of this various external fields, such as gravity or electromagnetic fields, diffusion and non-Newtonian rheology produce complex effects, each of which is of important scientific and technological interest. The authors aim to impart a sound, quantitative understanding based on fundamental theory and experiments with well-characterised model systems. This broad grasp of the fundamentals lends insight and helps to develop the intuitive sense needed to isolate essential features of the technological problems and design critical experiments. The main prerequisites for understanding the book are basic fluid mechanics, statistical mechanics and electromagnetism, though self contained reviews of each subject are provided at appropriate points. Some facility with differential equations is also necessary. Exercises are included at the end of each chapter, making the work suitable as a textbook for graduate courses in chemical engineering or applied mathematics. It will also be useful as a reference for individuals in academia or industry undertaking research in colloid science.
Author: K.J. Ives
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400999380
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 370
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Book Description
K.J. Ives Professor of Public Health Engineering University College London The aggregation of small particles in liquids, to form flocs which are large enough to settle, or to be filtered, is a common operation in industrial processes, and water and wastewater treatment. This aggregation, given the general title flliocculation in this book, may be brought about by the addition of chemicals to reduce the stability of the original suspension, by neutralising electrical forces of repulsion, by the addition of chemicals (polymers) to link particles by bridging action, by the addition of chemicals which form particles to increase collision proba bilities, and by the input of energy leading to hydrodynamically induced collisions. The particles undergoing flocculation may range from colloidal in the nanometer size range, through micro scopic (micron) size, up to visible particles in the millimeter size range; that is a total size range of six orders of magnitude. Consequently the colloid chemist and the hydrodynamicist are both concerned with the interactions that take place, and to them the engineer must turn, to obtain the fundamental information ne cessary for the process design and its associated hardware.
Author: Donald R Paul
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323138896
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Polymer Blends, Volume 1 highlights the importance of polymer blends as a major new branch of macromolecular science. Topics range from polymer-polymer compatibility and the statistical thermodynamics of polymer blends to the phase separation behavior of polymer-polymer mixtures, transport phenomena in polymer blends, and mechanical properties of multiphase polymer blends. The optical behavior, solid state transition behavior, and rheology of polymer blends are also discussed. This book is organized into 10 chapters and begins with an overview of polymer blends, with emphasis on terminology and the effect of molecular weight on the thermodynamics of polymer blends as well as phase equilibria and transitions. The discussion then turns to the miscibility of homopolymers and copolymers, in bulk and in solution, from the experimental and theoretical viewpoints. The chapters that follow explore the statistical thermodynamics of polymer blends, paying particular attention to the Flory and lattice fluid theories, along with the phase relationship in polymer mixtures. The interfacial energy, structure, and adhesion between polymers in relation to the properties of polymer blends are considered. The final chapter examines the phenomena of low molecular weight penetrant transport. Currently accepted models for unsteady-state and steady-state permeation of polymeric materials are presented. A discussion of unsteady-state absorption and desorption behavior observed in a variety of polymer blends complements the treatment of permeation behavior. This book is intended to provide academic and industrial research scientists and technologists with a broad background in current principles and practice concerning mixed polymer systems.
Author: Anthony Kelly
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262111454
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
The Concise Encyclopedia of Composite Materials provides a full and up-to-date account of composite materials, particularly fiber composites.
Author: Rakesh K. Gupta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824799229
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
An analysis of polymer and composite rheology. This second edition covers flow properties of thermoplastic and thermoset polymers, and general principles and applications of all phases of polymer rheology, with new chapters on the rheology of particulate and fibre composites. It also includes new and expanded detail on polymer blends and emulsions, foams, reacting systems, and flow through porous media as well as composite processing operations.
Author: Frederick R. Eirich
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 1483272974
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 541
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Book Description
Rheology: Theory and Applications, Volume 4 focuses on the characteristics and reactions of materials of more fluid nature, including viscosity, dispersions, kinetics, and molecular structure. The selection first elaborates on viscosity and molecular structure and microrheology of dispersions. Discussions focus on applications to hemorheology and suspension viscosity, kinetics of flowing dispersions, inertial effects, stresses on particles in laminar shear, molecular motions in liquids, effect of molecular structure on viscosity of nonassociated liquids, and viscosity of mixtures and solutions. The manuscript then takes a look at high-shear viscometry and thixotropy and dilatancy, as well as polymer degradation under high-shear conditions, occurrence of thixotropy and dilatancy, structural turbulence, and analysis of flow behavior at high shear rates. The text examines the rheological aspects of the mixing of plastics compounds, rheology of liquid crystals, and nonlinear steady-flow behavior. Topics include normal stress functions, cholesteric mesophase, nematic mesophase and systems of rods, experimental evaluation of laminar-flow mixing theory, and mixers in the plastics industry. The selection is a dependable source material for researchers interested in the theories and applications of rheology.
Author: Frederick R. Eirich
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 1483272982
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 662
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Book Description
Rheology: Theory and Applications, Volume 5 focuses on overtly fluid behavior of polymers, including the theory of large deformations, thermoelastic effects, elastic phenomena observed during the extrusion of polymeric melts, and theories of the structure of liquids and glasses. The selection first elaborates on the application of large deformation theory to the thermomechanical behavior of rubberlike polymers and unstable flow of molten polymers. Discussions focus on the mechanism proposed for unstable flow, ripple and associated effects, direct observation of waviness phenomena, empirical behavior of porous, unfilled, and filled rubberlike polymers, and problems connected with the interpretation of mechanical response parameters. The text then examines elasticity effects in polymer extrusion and strength and extensibility of elastomers. The publication takes a look at free volume and polymer rheology and studies of the deformation of crystalline polymers. Topics include the contribution of the two orientation processes to the birefringence, deformation of superstructure, rate of orientation of crystalline regions, free volume and physical state, glass transition and free volume, and reappraisal of time-temperature superposition. The manuscript also elaborates on the deformation and dissipative processes in high polymeric solids and the thermodynamics of deformation. The selection is a vital source of data for researchers interested in the theories and applications of rheology.
Author: Una S. Ryan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780849349911
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
This three-volume compendium is the most comprehensive work, to date, on endothelium cells and their important role in the functions of the internal framework. The endothelial cell is broken down into its different properties, taking into consideration its part in metabolic, hemostatic, and immunological processes, as well as their interac-tion with each other and different cell types. Numerous illustrations featured throughout help clarify the importance of endothelium in maintaining the internal status quo. These volumes are indispens-able to researchers, physicians, and others interested in endothe-lium, vascular biology, and circulatory research.
Author: Pierre Bongrand
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 366203008X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 253
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Book Description
Cell adhesion - the attachment of cells to any surface such as other cell membranes or tissues - is a complex process. In many physiological and pathological processes adhesion of a cell is the first critical step. A wide spectrum of the most powerful techniques currently available to study the basic parameters of cell adhesion, including binding strength, binding efficiency, membrane-membrane or membrane-substrate interaction, structural properties and dynamics of cell surface molecules, is presented in this strategy book. Sophisticated quantitative approaches as well as comprehensible semi-quantitative methods are described. The detailed theoretical background allows the critical assessment and application of these techniques.
Author: Bozzano G Luisa
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 032314019X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
This book examines the physical forces - fluid shear, stretch, and gravity that play a role in the physiology of tissues and cellular functions. It gives special attention to the influences of the flow of blood and exercise on the growth of blood vessels and the flow of interstitial fluid on bone formation. Pathological conditions are also presented, such as the lack of mechanical loading on bone and osteoporosis. For biotechnologists, the problem of cell susceptibility to agitation-induced hydrodynamic forces in the scale-up of mammalian cell bioreactors is examined.
