The Impact of U.S. Environmental Regulations on Fuel Quality PDF Download
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Author: Kurt H. Strauss
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 080311446X
Category : Environmental law
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Author: Farhana Islam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In recent years, particulate matter (PM) emissions from the gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine, are of significant concern due to their associated health effects as well as for climate impacts. Thus, in this thesis, the effect of gasoline fuel composition on GDI engine PM emissions is investigated. The detailed composition of five regular grade (anti knock index, or AKI, 87) and two premium grade (AKI91) fuels currently used in Ontario was studied. In addition, the impact of fuel seasonal changes on gas-phase emissions (i.e. benzene and toluene), and particle-phase emissions, i.e. black carbon (BC), elemental carbon (EC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and particle number (PN) were also determined using a laboratory GDI engine. The observations showed that all summer AKI87 fuels contained higher aromatics and lower paraffins compared to the winter AKI87 grade which led to higher BC, EC, PN, benzene, and toluene emissions.
Author: Kurt H. Strauss
Publisher: ASTM International
ISBN: 080311446X
Category : Environmental law
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 28
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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046319
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525
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Book Description
Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309055458
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
This book reviews a draft report from the federal government that assesses the effects of oxygenated gasoline on public health, air quality, fuel economy, engine performance, and water quality. In addition to evaluating the scientific basis of the report, the book identifies research needed to better understand the impacts of oxygenated fuels. Methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), which is intended to reduce carbon monoxide pollution during winter, is the most commonly used additive in the federal oxygenated fuels program. MTBE has been implicated in complaints by the public of headaches, coughs, and nausea. Other questions have been raised about reduced fuel economy and engine performance and pollution of ground water due to the use of MTBE in gasoline. The book provides conclusions and recommendations about each major topic addressed in the government's report.
Author: Thomas W. Kirchstetter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Motor fuels
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Author: United States. Government Accountability Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gasoline
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Author: Jim Wells (au)
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 9781422302330
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
The Clean Air Act requires some areas with poor air quality to use a special gasoline blendÓ designed to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds & nitrogen oxides & requiring the use of an oxygenate such as ethanol. In less severely polluted areas, the Act allows states to require the use of other special blends as part of their effort to meet air quality standards. This report answered the following: (1) To what extent are special gas blends used in the U.S. & how, if at all, is this use expected to change in the future?; (2) What effect has the use of these blends had on reducing vehicle emissions & improving overall air quality? (3) What is the effect of these blends on the gas supply? & (4) How do these blends affect gas prices? Charts & tables.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
