The Effects of Tax Wedges on Hours Worked and Unemployment in Sweden PDF Download
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Author: Mr.Alun H. Thomas
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451922744
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
The paper investigates the relationship between labor taxation and unemployment in Sweden by estimating a labor market model that includes a wage-setting locus and labor demand and supply relationships. The study simulates the effect of a 1 percentage point increase in the payroll tax and in total tax rates. The increase in the payroll tax pushes up labor costs by about 1⁄2 percent over a 5–10 year time horizon. Hours worked fall by 0.5 percent and the unemployment rate rises by 0.3 percentage point. The increase in total tax rates generates a similar result. Therefore, it appears that increases in taxes have adversely affected employment and unemployment in Sweden.
Author: Mr.Alun H. Thomas
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1451922744
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
The paper investigates the relationship between labor taxation and unemployment in Sweden by estimating a labor market model that includes a wage-setting locus and labor demand and supply relationships. The study simulates the effect of a 1 percentage point increase in the payroll tax and in total tax rates. The increase in the payroll tax pushes up labor costs by about 1⁄2 percent over a 5–10 year time horizon. Hours worked fall by 0.5 percent and the unemployment rate rises by 0.3 percentage point. The increase in total tax rates generates a similar result. Therefore, it appears that increases in taxes have adversely affected employment and unemployment in Sweden.
Author: Marco Buti
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 9781781009840
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
The papers in this volume analyse the role of European tax and benefit systems in incentives to create and take up jobs. The first section provides an overview of the issues relating to the trade-off between equity and efficiency. The second section describes the burden of taxation and the generosity of the welfare system in Europe. Part three examines how to evaluate the effects of tax and welfare reforms and the final section looks at ways that tax can be used to deal with some structural problems. The papers show that European policy makers face tough choices and that reforms are costly, with complex trade-offs.
Author: Agustin Velasquez
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498321143
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Book Description
Hours worked vary widely across countries and over time. In this paper, we investigate the role played by taxation in explaining these differences for EU New Member States. By extending a standard growth model with novel data on consumption and labor taxes, we assess the evolution of trends in hours worked over the 1995-2017 period. We find that the inclusion of tax rates in the model significantly improves the tracking of hours. We also estimate the elasticity of hours (and its different margins) to quantify the deadweight loss introduced by consumption and labor taxes. We find that these taxes explain a large share of labor supply differences across EU New Member States and that the potential gains from policy actions are noteworthy.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 145183585X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
This Selected Issues paper on Sweden reviews economic developments in Sweden during 1994–98. In 1994, the general government expenditure-to-GDP ratio stood at 70 percent, up from below 60 percent of GDP in the late 1990s; meanwhile, the revenue ratio was just under 60 percent of GDP, down from about 65 percent of GDP in the late 1980s. On the expenditure side, transfers to households accounted for 37 percent of general government expenditure in 1994, subsidies and other transfers to businesses 10 percent, consumption 39 percent, investment 4 percent, and interest payments 10 percent.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264438181
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 651
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Book Description
This annual publication provides details of taxes paid on wages in OECD countries. It covers personal income taxes and social security contributions paid by employees, social security contributions and payroll taxes paid by employers, and cash benefits received by workers. Taxing Wages 2021 includes a special feature entitled: “Impact of COVID-19 on the Tax Wedge in OECD Countries”.
Author: Assar Lindbeck
Publisher: Center for Business and Policy Studies
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
In The Swedish Experiment Assar Lindbeck characterizes the economic and social system in Sweden in terms of a number of institutional features by which Sweden has differed from most other developed countries. They refer mainly to the division of responsibilities between the private and the government sector, in particular with respect to economic security, employment, income distribution, consumption and investment. The book concludes by asking whether the Swedish experiment is gradually unwinding and, if so, why. The Swedish Experiment is written in a nontechnical fashion and should be of great interest not only to professional economists, but also to students of economics and other social sciences as well as to general readers.
Author: W. A. Vermeend
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Since World War II OECD countries have increasingly used taxation to achieve a variety of economic policy objectives of which stimulating economic activity and employment are usually the most important. The tax system is also used to create a favourable climate for investment, to spur business innovation and to promote long-term sustainable environmental policy. More recently, policies have focused on stimulating child care and encouraging citizens to work for longer. This book discusses the effects of taxation on the economy and its development. It aims to provide the reader with the necessary empirical information, while at the same time presenting an overview of the latest theory. In doing so, it touches on many relevant policy issues.
Author: Richard B. Freeman
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226261913
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Over the course of the twentieth century, Sweden carried out one of the most ambitious experiments by a capitalist market economy in developing a large and active welfare state. Sweden's generous social programs and the economic equality they fostered became an example for other countries to emulate. Of late, Sweden has also been much discussed as a model of how to deal with financial and economic crisis, due to the country's recovery from a banking crisis in the mid-1990s. At that time economists heatedly debated whether the welfare state caused Sweden's crisis and should be reformed—a debate with clear parallels to current concerns over capitalism. Bringing together leading economists, Reforming the Welfare State examines Sweden's policies in response to the mid-1990s crisis and the implications for the subsequent recovery. Among the issues investigated are the way changes in the labor market, tax and benefit policies, local government policy, industrial structure, and international trade affected Sweden's recovery. The way that Sweden addressed its economic challenges provides valuable insight into the viability of large welfare states, and more broadly, into the way modern economies deal with crisis.
Author: Friedrich Schneider
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107034841
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.
Author: Richard B. Freeman
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226261859
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 490
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Book Description
Once heralded in the 1950s and 1960s as a model welfare state, Sweden is now in transition and in trouble since its economic plunge in the early 1990s. This volume presents ten essays that examine Sweden's economic problems from a U.S. perspective. Exploring such diverse topics as income equalization and efficiency, welfare and tax policy, wage determination and unemployment, and international competitiveness and growth, they consider how Sweden's welfare state succeeded in eliminating poverty and became a role model for other countries. They then reflect on Sweden's past economic problems, such as the increase in government spending and the fall in industrial productivity, warning of problems to come. Finally they review the consequences of the collapse of Sweden's economy in the early 1990s, exploring the implications of its efforts to reform its welfare state and reestablish a healthy economy. This volume will be of interest to policymakers and analysts, social scientists, and economists interested in welfare states.
