Author: Judith J. Ivarie
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 262

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: Marshall J. Farr
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461210623
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 171

Get Book Here

Book Description
A. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUNDl,2 This report reviews and interprets research on the nature and magnitude of the effects of those factors which influence how well knowledge and skills (K&S) are retained over relatively long periods of nonuse. Our interest lies in the kinds of knowledge domains and skills that military personnel must master to function effectively on their jobs. The practical concern impelling this study is that K&S degradation or loss (which we will refer to as "decay") can and does occur, often and severely enough, to jeopardize military preparedness. There are occasions in all the military services when personnel who have just completed their training do not receive an opportunity to practice or use their new capabilities for weeks or months. In the case of reservists who may be called back to active duty, the period of nonuse of relevant military job skills may be counted in terms of years. B. OBJECTIVES The overall objective is to critically analyze the relevant scientific literature which relates the processes involved in learning to those of memory, taking into account the characteristics of the learner and the learning tasks. More specifically, we have focused on the following sub-objectives: 1. Identify, describe and rank the influence and the interactions of the important major variables that affect long-term retention (LTR); 1 I am indebted to Dr. Jesse Orlansky, Institute for Defense Analyses, for his encouragement and guidance through all phases of this report.

Author: Mark L. Howe
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461228689
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 358

Get Book Here

Book Description
For a number of decades now the study of children's memory development, with few exceptions, has been synonymous with the development of pro cesses that lead to the initial encoding and immediate retention of informa tion. Although there is little doubt that the study of such acquisition pro cesses is central to understanding memory development, the long-term retention of previously encoded information represents at least as important a component of children's memory. Indeed, as both students of memory development and educators, our interest is in the maintenance and utiliza tion of knowledge over considerable periods of time, not just in the immedi ate (e. g. , classroom) context. Clearly, then, without an understanding of how recently acquired information is maintained in memory over extended periods of time, our theories of long-term memory development remain incomplete at best. Although children's forgetting and reminiscence was a topic of inquiry early in this century, it is only recently, due in part to the current controversy concerning the reliability of children's eyewitness testimony, that the study of long-term retention has resurfaced in the scientific literature. The purpose of this volume is to draw together some of the principals involved in this resurgence to summarize their recent research programs, present new and previously unpublished findings from their labs, and outline the issues they believe are important in the study of children's long-term retention.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 614

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 780

Get Book Here

Book Description

Author: James C. Naylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Learning, Psychology of
Languages : en
Pages : 58

Get Book Here

Book Description
The ability to retain a learned skill or habit over extended time periods is a problem which has, as yet, not been too thoroughly explored. Reviewing those articles which seem to relate either directly or peripherally to long-term retention of learned motor behavior indicates that the number of variables of possible importance is quite large, and that in general only limited research has been conducted with any one of these given variables. The variables appear to fall into four general classes: those dealing with the type of task, those concerned with learning parameters, those concerned with retention interval parameters, and those concerned with recall parameters. Research under each category is reviewed and commented on, and suggestions are made that certain variables (such as task "organization" and the scoring method used) should be concerned as key variables in any research program dealing with the long-term retention of skills.

Author: Howard Y. Liu
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323661076
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages :

Get Book Here

Book Description
This issue of Psychiatric Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Howard Liu and Donald Hilty, will take a unique approach to examining Professional Development for those practicing in the field of Psychiatry. Under the guidance of series consulting editor Dr. Harsh Trivedi, Drs. Liu and Hilty will explore development issues that might emerge for practicing psychiatrists over the course of their careers. Topics covered in this volume will include: Defining Professional Development in Medicine, Psychiatry & Allied Fields; Developmental Approaches to Professional Development; Developing Clinical Skills; Professional Development in Academia; Model Programs in Lifelong Learning for Professional Development; The Role of Mentoring and Coaching; Career Transitions; Advanced Leadership Training; Contributing to Culture and Diversity of Leadership; Wellness, Work/Life Integration, Burnout & Resilience; and the Role of Technology in Professional Development.

Author: Judith L. Meece
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135283877
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 534

Get Book Here

Book Description
Children spend more time in school than in any social institution outside the home. And schools probably exert more influence on children’s development and life chances than any environment beyond the home and neighbourhood. The purpose of this book is to document some important ways schools influence children’s development and to describe various models and methods for studying schooling effects. Key features include: Comprehensive Coverage – this is the first book to provide a comprehensive review of what is known about schools as a context for human development. Topical coverage ranges from theoretical foundations to investigative methodologies and from classroom-level influences such as teacher-student relations to broader influences such as school organization and educational policies. Cross-Disciplinary – this volume brings together the divergent perspectives, methods and findings of scholars from a variety of disciplines, among them educational psychology, developmental psychology, school psychology, social psychology, psychiatry, sociology, and educational policy. Chapter Structure – to ensure continuity, chapter authors describe 1) how schooling influences are conceptualized 2) identify their theoretical and methodological approaches 3) discuss the strengths and weaknesses of existing research and 4) highlight implications for future research, practice, and policy. Methodologies – chapters included in the text feature various methodologies including longitudinal studies, hierarchical linear models, experimental and quasi-experimental designs, and mixed methods.

Author: Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309283140
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 503

Get Book Here

Book Description
Physical inactivity is a key determinant of health across the lifespan. A lack of activity increases the risk of heart disease, colon and breast cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression and others diseases. Emerging literature has suggested that in terms of mortality, the global population health burden of physical inactivity approaches that of cigarette smoking. The prevalence and substantial disease risk associated with physical inactivity has been described as a pandemic. The prevalence, health impact, and evidence of changeability all have resulted in calls for action to increase physical activity across the lifespan. In response to the need to find ways to make physical activity a health priority for youth, the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment was formed. Its purpose was to review the current status of physical activity and physical education in the school environment, including before, during, and after school, and examine the influences of physical activity and physical education on the short and long term physical, cognitive and brain, and psychosocial health and development of children and adolescents. Educating the Student Body makes recommendations about approaches for strengthening and improving programs and policies for physical activity and physical education in the school environment. This report lays out a set of guiding principles to guide its work on these tasks. These included: recognizing the benefits of instilling life-long physical activity habits in children; the value of using systems thinking in improving physical activity and physical education in the school environment; the recognition of current disparities in opportunities and the need to achieve equity in physical activity and physical education; the importance of considering all types of school environments; the need to take into consideration the diversity of students as recommendations are developed. This report will be of interest to local and national policymakers, school officials, teachers, and the education community, researchers, professional organizations, and parents interested in physical activity, physical education, and health for school-aged children and adolescents.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128052910
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2517

Get Book Here

Book Description
Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is the authoritative resource for scientists and students interested in all facets of learning and memory. This updated edition includes chapters that reflect the state-of-the-art of research in this area. Coverage of sleep and memory has been significantly expanded, while neuromodulators in memory processing, neurogenesis and epigenetics are also covered in greater detail. New chapters have been included to reflect the massive increase in research into working memory and the educational relevance of memory research. No other reference work covers so wide a territory and in so much depth. Provides the most comprehensive and authoritative resource available on the study of learning and memory and its mechanisms Incorporates the expertise of over 150 outstanding investigators in the field, providing a ‘one-stop’ resource of reputable information from world-leading scholars with easy cross-referencing of related articles to promote understanding and further research Includes further reading for each chapter that helps readers continue their research Includes a glossary of key terms that is helpful for users who are unfamiliar with neuroscience terminology