The Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter Quality and Invertebrate Grazing on Microbial Films in Cave Streams PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biofilms
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biofilms
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
Author: Marie Schmidt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Extracellular enzymes
Languages : en
Pages : 128
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Book Description
In the boreal forest, permafrost thaw is resulting in changes in vegetation and deepening of watershed flowpaths. Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed contains sub-catchments underlain with varying permafrost extents (4-53% cover), providing the opportunity to study how permafrost extent affects water chemistry and nutrient cycling. I measured nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and carbon (C) processing ectoenzyme activity in the water column and sediment of headwater streams, and related ectoenzyme activity to nutrient and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration. Additionally, I used nutrient diffusing substrata (NDS) to grow biofilms with enhanced inorganic N and P and labile C alone and in combination and measured ectoenzyme activity and respiration of biofilms in response to resource amendments. High P-processing enzyme activity across streams of the CPCRW indicated microbial P limitation. Respiration and organic matter processing enzymes of biofilms grown on NDS increased with labile C or labile C in combination with nutrient additions, implying that labile C limited or co-limited rates of DOM processing. Our results suggest that as climate warming and subsequent permafrost thaw alters terrestrial inputs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients into streams, changes in inorganic P and labile C availability will control microbial processing of DOM.
Author: Jennifer June Mosher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Author: James Robert Gammon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sedimentation and deposition
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author: Doreen Franke
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key global energy source and carbon reservoir that links terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemical cycling. Allochthonous organic matter is abundant in boreal headwater streams, and environmental changes such as variation in nutrient availability and changes to watershed landscape composition have great potential for altering the DOM source, its composition and cycling. This dissertation focuses on two of the main drivers of aquatic carbon and nutrient cycling: the photochemical and the microbial processing of DOM in boreal headwater streams; specifically (i) how the photochemical lability of DOM varies between reaches within headwater streams, among headwater streams and an associated large river reach, (ii) how stream biofilm mineralization may be regulated by watershed organic matter source and composition, increased labile carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus availability, and (iii) whether algal carbon sources are important to supporting stream biofilms and if such sources influence the use of allochthonous DOM in nutrient-enriched streams. The results suggest changes in landscape and nutrient availability have the potential to alter the photochemical and biogeochemical cycling of DOM. DOM photolability was increased upstream relative to downstream and the river DOM. This may be due to differences in DOM source and composition, and suggests losses in photolabile DOM downstream and in the lower reaches of the watershed. The phototransformation of DOM into low molecular weight compounds and nutrients such as ammonium is likely relevant to the carbon and nutrient cycling in boreal watersheds. Results here further suggest that boreal stream biofilm mineralization of DOM is regulated by watershed DOM source and composition. Labile carbon sources, such as algal inputs, may also play an important role in regulating DOM mineralization and the processing of nutrients by these biofilms. In nutrient-impacted streams, where primary production is high relative to nutrientpoor streams, biofilms may be stimulated to incorporate algal carbon sources. Yet in the boreal streams studied here, added labile carbon rarely enhanced the mineralization of extant stream DOM suggesting autotrophic-heterotrophic interactions represent a more important priming effect relative to changing DOM source in boreal streams.
Author: Annette Summers Engel
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110339889
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
The earth's subsurface contains abundant and active microbial biomass, living in water, occupying pore space, and colonizing mineral and rock surfaces. Caves are one type of subsurface habitat, being natural, solutionally- or collapse-enlarged openings in rock. Within the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the number of microbiology studies from cave environments to understand cave ecology, cave geology, and even the origins of life. By emphasizing the microbial life of caves, and the ecological processes and geological consequences attributed to microbes, this book provides the first authoritative and comprehensive account of the microbial life of caves for students, professionals, and general readers.
Author: Naowarat Cheeptham
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461452066
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 143
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Book Description
This book details recent findings in the field of cave microbiology and builds on fast-paced efforts to exploit an unconventional and underexplored environment for new microorganisms which may provide an untapped source of drugs: microorganisms from caves.
Author: Elisabeth Pohlon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Author: William V. Sobczak
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Author: Dana Fjare
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ISBN:
Category : Cold regions forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Discontinuous permafrost affects the hydrology and distribution of vegetation in boreal forest watersheds, which in turn influence stream water chemistry. I investigated how loss of discontinuous permafrost with projected climate change might affect nutrient cycling in boreal forest headwater streams. I hypothesized that 1) the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (C:N:P) ratio in dissolved organic matter (DOM) affects nutrient uptake due to stoichiometric constraints on autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrient assimilation, and 2) labile DOM affects nutrient uptake by increasing heterotrophic production. I tested my hypotheses using a series of instantaneous nutrient additions in nine headwater streams, with a factorial design manipulating both nutrient stoichiometry and DOM source. DOM was added as either acetate or leachate from birch leaves. Ambient nutrient uptake velocity (Vf-amb) was within the upper range of previously published literature values, ranging from 4.1-67.2 mm/min for N, 4.0-25.0 mm/min for P, and 4.2-34.5 mm/min for acetate. Uptake efficiency was similar for N and P added alone, in co-additions, and with DOM. Acetate and birch-DOM had similar effects on nutrient uptake, because both were sources of highly labile carbon. In 30-day laboratory bioavailability assays, birch and acetate-DOM exhibited ≥ 70% carbon loss. Vf-amb was in part explained by ambient stream chemistry, with Vf-amb for N weakly positively correlated with ambient P concentration, while Vf-amb for P and acetate was weakly negatively correlated with ambient N and ambient dissolved organic carbon, respectively. Consequently, inorganic nutrient availability may affect uptake of solutes as well as DOM lability. High demand for nutrients in boreal forest headwater streams suggests that uptake could increase concurrently with greater inorganic nutrient flux following a loss in permafrost extent.
