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Author: Stefan Emeis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048193400
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
The book presents a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) research. It focuses on experimental ABL research, while most of the books on ABL discuss it from a theoretical or fluid dynamics point of view. Experimental ABL research has been made so far by surface-based in-situ experimentation (tower measurements up to a few hundred meters, surface energy balance measurements, short aircraft experiments, short experiments with tethered balloons, constant-level balloons, evaluation of radiosonde data). Surface flux measurements are also discussed in the book. Although the surface fluxes are one of the main driving factors for the daily variation of the ABL, an ABL description is only complete if its vertical structure is analyzed and determined. Satellite information is available covering large areas, but it has only limited temporal resolution and lacks sufficient vertical resolution. Therefore, surface-based remote sensing is a large challenge to enlarge the database for ABL studies, as it offers nearly continuous and vertically highly resolved information for specific sites of interest. Considerable progress has been made in the recent years in studying of ground-based remote sensing of the ABL. The book discusses such new subjects as micro-rain radars and the use of ceilometers for ABL profiling, modern small wind lidars for wind energy applications, ABL flux profile measurements, RASS techniques, and mixing-layer height determination.
Author: Stefan Emeis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048193400
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Get Book Here
Book Description
The book presents a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) research. It focuses on experimental ABL research, while most of the books on ABL discuss it from a theoretical or fluid dynamics point of view. Experimental ABL research has been made so far by surface-based in-situ experimentation (tower measurements up to a few hundred meters, surface energy balance measurements, short aircraft experiments, short experiments with tethered balloons, constant-level balloons, evaluation of radiosonde data). Surface flux measurements are also discussed in the book. Although the surface fluxes are one of the main driving factors for the daily variation of the ABL, an ABL description is only complete if its vertical structure is analyzed and determined. Satellite information is available covering large areas, but it has only limited temporal resolution and lacks sufficient vertical resolution. Therefore, surface-based remote sensing is a large challenge to enlarge the database for ABL studies, as it offers nearly continuous and vertically highly resolved information for specific sites of interest. Considerable progress has been made in the recent years in studying of ground-based remote sensing of the ABL. The book discusses such new subjects as micro-rain radars and the use of ceilometers for ABL profiling, modern small wind lidars for wind energy applications, ABL flux profile measurements, RASS techniques, and mixing-layer height determination.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309477239
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Improved observations of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) and its interactions with the ocean, land, and ice surfaces have great potential to advance science on a number of fronts, from improving forecasts of severe storms and air quality to constraining estimates of trace gas emissions and transport. Understanding the BL is a crucial component of model advancements, and increased societal demands for extended weather impact forecasts (from hours to months and beyond) highlight the need to advance Earth system modeling and prediction. New observing technologies and approaches (including in situ and ground-based, airborne, and satellite remote sensing) have the potential to radically increase the density of observations and allow new types of variables to be measured within the BL, which will have broad scientific and societal benefits. In October 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to explore the future of BL observations and their role in improving modeling and forecasting capabilities. Workshop participants discussed the science and applications drivers for BL observation, emerging technology to improve observation capabilities, and strategies for the future. This publication summarizes presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: Narayan Adhikari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Boundary layer (Meteorology)
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is the lowermost part of the atmosphere in the vicinity of the Earth's surface. It plays a vital role in the exchange of heat, momentum, humidity and other trace substances with the Earth's surface. The boundary layer is extremely important for air quality and health related issues as it is associated with the first few kilometers above the surface. Boundary layer height diurnally evolves as solar radiation waxes and wanes. Though balloon soundings of atmospheric temperature, pressure, and winds are performed in many world-wide locations, they are only done twice a day, primarily for large scale weather forecasting applications, leaving much of the boundary layer evolution and structure without assessment. Ground-based remote sensing methods have been developed to provide detailed knowledge of the boundary layer. This thesis presents the surface-based Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer measurements of the downwelling thermal infrared radiance spectrum emitted by various gases in the cloud-free atmosphere. Measurements were carried out both in early morning hours and late in the afternoon where the temperature profile changes from inverted due to overnight radiative cooling by the surface, to super adiabatic due to intense solar heating at the surface. The measured spectra are compared to the model spectra to infer the structure of the boundary layer. A simple approximate analytical expression for the weighting function, which is crucial to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE) and retrieve the temperature and gaseous concentration profiles of the ABL, has been developed. The validity of the analytical form of the weighting function was evaluated by comparison with a numerical model.
Author: Mark Alan Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Boundary layer (Meteorology)
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309057426
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 49
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Book Description
Author: April L. Hiscox
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012817093X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Conceptual Boundary Layer Meteorology: The Air Near Here explains essential boundary layer concepts in a way that is accessible to a wide number of people studying and working in the environmental sciences. It begins with chapters designed to present the language of the boundary layer and the key concepts of mass, momentum exchanges, and the role of turbulence. The book then moves to focusing on specific environments, uses, and problems facing science with respect to the boundary layer. Uses authentic examples to give readers the ability to utilize real world data Covers boundary layer meteorology without requiring knowledge of advanced mathematics Provides a set of tools that can be used by the reader to better understand land-air interactions Provides specific applications for a wide spectrum of environmental systems
Author: Alexander Baklanov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387743219
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
This volume presents peer-reviewed papers from the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Atmospheric Boundary Layers held in April 2006. The papers are divided into thematic sessions: nature and theory of turbulent boundary layers; boundary-layer flows: modeling and applications to environmental security; nature, theory and modeling of boundary-layer flows; air flows within and above urban and other complex canopies: air-sea-ice interaction.
Author: Xuhui Lee
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319608533
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
This textbook introduces a set of fundamental equations that govern the conservation of mass (dry air, water vapor, trace gas), momentum and energy in the lower atmosphere. Simplifications of each of these equations are made in the context of boundary-layer processes. Extended from these equations the author then discusses a key set of issues, including (1) turbulence generation and destruction, (2) force balances in various portions of the lower atmosphere, (3) canopy flow, (4) tracer diffusion and footprint theory, (5) principles of flux measurement and interpretation, (6) models for land evaporation, (7) models for surface temperature response to land use change, and (8) boundary layer budget calculations for heat, water vapor and carbon dioxide. Problem sets are supplied at the end of each chapter to reinforce the concepts and theory presented in the main text. This volume offers the accumulation of insights gained by the author during his academic career as a researcher and teacher in the field of boundary-layer meteorology.
Author: John R. Garratt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792341918
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 434
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Book Description
The journal Boundary-Layer Meteorology was started in 1970 and has become the premier vehicle for the publication of research papers in its field. Dr R.E. Munn served as Editor-in-Chief until recently. The special 25th Anniversary volume, on which this book is based, was compiled from review and other articles solicited and selected as a `Festschrift' to honour Ted Munn's achievement as editor of the journal over that time. Articles by leading contributors to the field include reviews of field studies (Askervein, HEXOS, Cabauw) and their impacts; numerical modelling (large-eddy simulation of the surface layer, frontal structures); analyses and critical discussions (of the von Karman constant, bulk aerodynamic formulations, air-sea interaction, vegetation canopies); and reviews or previews of progress in our understanding of the atmospheric boundary layer, turbulence simulation, Lagrangian descriptions of turbulent diffusion and remote sensing of the boundary layer. The collection provides an excellent perspective on the state of the subject and where it is headed. It should provide fascinating and stimulating reading for researchers and students of boundary-layer meteorology and related areas.
Author: Donald H. Lenschow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
