Statistical Regression Methods of 3D Polymer Gel Dosimetry and Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Book Description
Purpose: Recent advances in radiation therapy physics have enabled sophisticated treatment plans that conform accurately to the target volume while sparing normal tissue. The complex 3D treatment planning requires dose verification techniques that can validate high spatial resolution 3D dose distribution with accuracy and precision. Traditional dosimetry techniques include ionization chambers, which map accurately but are restricted to 2D film based techniques. Polymer gel dosimetry integrates a 3D dosimeter with high spatial resolution, precision, and accuracy for the verification of a large range of treatment plans. In addition, polymer gel dosimetry uses human tissue equivalent phantoms and a wide range of dose algorithms to increase dose measurement accuracy. However, polymer gel dosimetry has not been widely evaluated for its extensive range of statistical regression methods in advanced radiation therapy units, such as Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRT) and Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS). In addition, the construction of polymer gel dosimeters is a toxic process, and sunlight and oxygen environments degrades the gel. Described is a method in which a deformable phantom is introduced that is non-toxic and safe to handle. In addition, the phantom decreases oxygen sensitivity and increases its ease of use towards translational use in the Radiation Oncology clinical environment. Methods: Radiation dose treatment plans were evaluated with the gel dosimeter. In addition, T2 fitting methods were evaluated to determine the best fitting technique. Statistical regression algorithms for T2 fitting included: Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), MLE with Rician, Least Squares No Constant Term, and Weighted Least Squares. Since the dose calibration curves did not yield accurate absolute values of dose, several methods for scaling were evaluated. Results: Evaluation of statistical regression algorithms yielded a range of signal-to-noise ratios, and internal scaling schemes provided accurate absolute values. While being characterized as a phantom that is non-toxic and protected from oxygen contamination, the deformable gel phantom expressed reduced oxygen sensitivity. Conclusion: Deformable polymer gel dosimetry provides dose verification of complex radiotherapy treatment plans. Future work includes internal dose calibration methods to increase the accuracy of absolute dose quantification.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 42
Get Book Here
Book Description
Purpose: Recent advances in radiation therapy physics have enabled sophisticated treatment plans that conform accurately to the target volume while sparing normal tissue. The complex 3D treatment planning requires dose verification techniques that can validate high spatial resolution 3D dose distribution with accuracy and precision. Traditional dosimetry techniques include ionization chambers, which map accurately but are restricted to 2D film based techniques. Polymer gel dosimetry integrates a 3D dosimeter with high spatial resolution, precision, and accuracy for the verification of a large range of treatment plans. In addition, polymer gel dosimetry uses human tissue equivalent phantoms and a wide range of dose algorithms to increase dose measurement accuracy. However, polymer gel dosimetry has not been widely evaluated for its extensive range of statistical regression methods in advanced radiation therapy units, such as Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRT) and Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS). In addition, the construction of polymer gel dosimeters is a toxic process, and sunlight and oxygen environments degrades the gel. Described is a method in which a deformable phantom is introduced that is non-toxic and safe to handle. In addition, the phantom decreases oxygen sensitivity and increases its ease of use towards translational use in the Radiation Oncology clinical environment. Methods: Radiation dose treatment plans were evaluated with the gel dosimeter. In addition, T2 fitting methods were evaluated to determine the best fitting technique. Statistical regression algorithms for T2 fitting included: Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), MLE with Rician, Least Squares No Constant Term, and Weighted Least Squares. Since the dose calibration curves did not yield accurate absolute values of dose, several methods for scaling were evaluated. Results: Evaluation of statistical regression algorithms yielded a range of signal-to-noise ratios, and internal scaling schemes provided accurate absolute values. While being characterized as a phantom that is non-toxic and protected from oxygen contamination, the deformable gel phantom expressed reduced oxygen sensitivity. Conclusion: Deformable polymer gel dosimetry provides dose verification of complex radiotherapy treatment plans. Future work includes internal dose calibration methods to increase the accuracy of absolute dose quantification.
Author: Sven Å. J. Bäck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Magnetic resonance imaging
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author: Fabian Kiessling
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319422022
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 871
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Book Description
This textbook is a practical guide to the use of small animal imaging in preclinical research that will assist in the choice of imaging modality and contrast agent and in study design, experimental setup, and data evaluation. All established imaging modalities are discussed in detail, with the assistance of numerous informative illustrations. While the focus of the new edition remains on practical basics, it has been updated to encompass a variety of emerging imaging modalities, methods, and applications. Additional useful hints are also supplied on the installation of a small animal unit, study planning, animal handling, and cost-effective performance of small animal imaging. Cross-calibration methods and data postprocessing are considered in depth. This new edition of Small Animal Imaging will be an invaluable aid for researchers, students, and technicians involved in research into and applications of small animal imaging.
Author: Indra J. Das
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781936366439
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 828
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Book Description
Author: Giuliana Moreno
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642731511
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
Radiation induces a variety of chemical processes in biological tissues. This volume is a synthesis of up-to-the-minute reviews on such photochemical and photobiological sensitized reactions with particular relevance to photomedicine. The first part gives a description of experimental techniques for the study of the primary processes after radiation absorption by biological systems. It is followed by chapters on singlet oxygen and photomedicine, considering both phototherapy and photochemotherapy. These sections also discuss the next generation of potential photosensitizing drugs.
Author: Franco Cataldo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140206845X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 411
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Book Description
Fullerenes and nanotubes are two classes of carbon structures or allotropes, which were discovered about 17 years ago. Since that time, many chemical derivatives have been synthesized using fullerenes and nanotubes as building blocks. Particularly promising was the theory that the chemical properties of fullerenes, and certain derivatives, made them likely candidates for anticancer drugs, inhibitors of viruses such as HIV, or even as anti-bacterials. Their cyctotoxicity can also be controlled by specific circumstances. In addition, the funtionalization of nanotubes has not only produced relatively simple derivatives, but also complex hybrids with biological macromolecules, which show unique supramolecular architecture and which are promising in many medical applications. The application of fullerenes and nanotubes in medicine is at the frontier of our knowledge, thus the work in this field represents the basis for future novel developments.
Author: John William Tranter Spinks
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 600
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Book Description
This text on radiation chemistry covers a number of topics, including the development of radiation chemistry, sources of high-energy radiation, dosimetry, organic materials and solids and the applications of high-energy radiation in chemical synthesis and in commercial processes.
Author: Roger Lee Clough
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 656
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Book Description
Here is the most extensive resource on polymer radiation effects to be available in more than a decade. This new volume reviews the fundamental chemistry and physics of polymer-radiation interaction and examines recent progress in most major areas of the field. Its 38 chapters, written by leading experts from around the world, cover: fundamentals of polymer radiation chemistry; technological applications of radiation to polymers (including radiation processing; radiation curing; sterilization; cross-linking, polymerization, grafting, X-ray resists, and others); and degradation of stabilization of irradiated polymers (including nuclear plants, scintillation detectors for particle physics, and others).
Author: Yves De Deene
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1788019202
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Gels are used in a large variety of commercial and scientific products from drug delivery systems and food science to biomedical sensors. They also are invaluable in MRI physics research where they mimic biological tissue and in radiotherapy quality assurance where they are used to capture the three dimensional radiation dose distribution. This unique book discusses the state-of-the-art of NMR and MRI techniques in studying the physics and chemistry of gel systems, in their application as MRI phantoms and as three dimensional radiation dosimeters. The first part of the book will cover the fundamental physical concepts of gels and the NMR techniques to study gel systems. The second part is dedicated to the application of gels in the life sciences and in the medical practice to validate radiotherapy and new MRI techniques. Filling the gap in literature, this volume provides the scientific reader with an extensive overview of possible techniques and methods to study the interesting properties and applications of gels. For the MRI researcher and medical physicist, the book will be a valuable resource in using gel phantoms for validating contemporary MRI techniques and radiotherapy treatments.
Author: Sophie Laurent
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780081019252
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Functionalization and Application begins with several chapters covering the synthesis, stabilization, physico-chemical characterization and functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles. The second part of the book outlines the various biomedical imaging applications that currently take advantage of the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. Brief attention is given to potential iron oxide based therapies, while the final chapter covers nanocytotoxicity, which is a key concern wherever exposure to nanomaterials might occur. This comprehensive book is an essential reference for all those academics and professionals who require thorough knowledge of recent and future developments in the role of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine.
