Some Calculations of Light Scattering by Non-spherical Particles Using Approximate Theories PDF Download
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Author: Christine Mann Darden
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Author: Christine Mann Darden
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Author: Matthew James Robinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Light
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Author: Michael I. Mishchenko
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080510205
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 721
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Book Description
There is hardly a field of science or engineering that does not have some interest in light scattering by small particles. For example, this subject is important to climatology because the energy budget for the Earth's atmosphere is strongly affected by scattering of solar radiation by cloud and aerosol particles, and the whole discipline of remote sensing relies largely on analyzing the parameters of radiation scattered by aerosols, clouds, and precipitation. The scattering of light by spherical particles can be easily computed using the conventional Mie theory. However, most small solid particles encountered in natural and laboratory conditions have nonspherical shapes. Examples are soot and mineral aerosols, cirrus cloud particles, snow and frost crystals, ocean hydrosols, interplanetary and cometary dust grains, and microorganisms. It is now well known that scattering properties of nonspherical particles can differ dramatically from those of "equivalent" (e.g., equal-volume or equal-surface-area) spheres. Therefore, the ability to accurately compute or measure light scattering by nonspherical particles in order to clearly understand the effects of particle nonsphericity on light scattering is very important. The rapid improvement of computers and experimental techniques over the past 20 years and the development of efficient numerical approaches have resulted in major advances in this field which have not been systematically summarized. Because of the universal importance of electromagnetic scattering by nonspherical particles, papers on different aspects of this subject are scattered over dozens of diverse research and engineering journals. Often experts in one discipline (e.g., biology) are unaware of potentially useful results obtained in another discipline (e.g., antennas and propagation). This leads to an inefficient use of the accumulated knowledge and unnecessary redundancy in research activities. This book offers the first systematic and unified discussion of light scattering by nonspherical particles and its practical applications and represents the state-of-the-art of this important research field. Individual chapters are written by leading experts in respective areas and cover three major disciplines: theoretical and numerical techniques, laboratory measurements, and practical applications. An overview chapter provides a concise general introduction to the subject of nonspherical scattering and should be especially useful to beginners and those interested in fast practical applications. The audience for this book will include graduate students, scientists, and engineers working on specific aspects of electromagnetic scattering by small particles and its applications in remote sensing, geophysics, astrophysics, biomedical optics, and optical engineering. The first systematic and comprehensive treatment of electromagnetic scattering by nonspherical particles and its applications Individual chapters are written by leading experts in respective areas Includes a survey of all the relevant literature scattered over dozens of basic and applied research journals Consistent use of unified definitions and notation makes the book a coherent volume An overview chapter provides a concise general introduction to the subject of light scattering by nonspherical particles Theoretical chapters describe specific easy-to-use computer codes publicly available on the World Wide Web Extensively illustrated with over 200 figures, 4 in color
Author: Schuerman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468437046
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
This volume contains most of the invited papers presented at the International Workshop on Light Scattering by Irregularly Shaped Particles held on June 5-7, 1979. at the State University of New York at Albany (SUNYA). Over seventy participants representing many dis ciplines convened to define some of the ever-increasing number of resonant light-scattering problems associated with particle shape and to relate their most recent investigations in this field. It is obvious from the two introductory papers that an investi gator's primary discipline determines his/her approach to the light scattering problem. The meteorologist, Diran Deirmendjian, advocates an empirical methodology: to model the scattering by atmospheric aerosols, using equivalent spheres as standards, in the most effi cient and simplest manner that is consistent with remote sensing, in situ, and laboratory· data. Because of the almost infinite variety of particle shapes, he questions not only the possibility but even the usefulness of the exact solution of scattering by a totally arbitrary particle. The astrophysicist, J. Mayo Greenberg, is primarily concerned with the information content carried by the scattered light because this radiation is the sole clue to under standing the nature of interstellar dust. What measurements (polar ization, color dependence, etc ••• ) should be made to best determine a given particle characteristic (size, surface roughness, refractive index, etc ••• )? Thus, he considers the physics of the scattering process to be of paramount interest.
Author: Alexander A. Kokhanovsky
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642103367
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 549
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Book Description
Light scattering by densely packed inhomogeneous media is a particularly ch- lenging optics problem. In most cases, only approximate methods are used for the calculations. However, in the case where only a small number of macroscopic sc- tering particles are in contact (clusters or aggregates) it is possible to obtain exact results solving Maxwell’s equations. Simulations are possible, however, only for a relativelysmallnumberofparticles,especiallyiftheirsizesarelargerthanthewa- length of incident light. The ?rst review chapter in PartI of this volume, prepared by Yasuhiko Okada, presents modern numerical techniques used for the simulation of optical characteristics of densely packed groups of spherical particles. In this case, Mie theory cannot provide accurate results because particles are located in the near ?eld of each other and strongly interact. As a matter of fact, Maxwell’s equations must be solved not for each particle separately but for the ensemble as a whole in this case. The author describes techniques for the generation of shapes of aggregates. The orientation averaging is performed by a numerical integration with respect to Euler angles. The numerical aspects of various techniques such as the T-matrix method, discrete dipole approximation, the ?nite di?erence time domain method, e?ective medium theory, and generalized multi-particle Mie so- tion are presented. Recent advances in numerical techniques such as the grouping and adding method and also numerical orientation averaging using a Monte Carlo method are discussed in great depth.
Author: Konstantin Alekseevich Shapovalov
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659616341
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
This book is devoted applications of the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye(RGD) approximation to the calculation light scattering characteristics of nonspherical particles. The general approach to the form-factor of compound particles in the RGD approximation is discussed. Some specific formulas for the amplitude of light scattering of aggregates of nonspherical particles are obtained in the RGD approximation. Formulas obtained earlier for the RGD amplitude of light scattering are presented for cylinder with circular and hexagonal base, for cone and torus, for prism and pyramid with arbitrary polygonal base. Then for layered particles new equations are included. All numerical results and graphs in the book are renovated by author and published for the first time.
Author: Craig F. Bohren
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527618163
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544
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Book Description
Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles Treating absorption and scattering in equal measure, this self-contained, interdisciplinary study examines and illustrates how small particles absorb and scatter light. The authors emphasize that any discussion of the optical behavior of small particles is inseparable from a full understanding of the optical behavior of the parent material-bulk matter. To divorce one concept from the other is to render any study on scattering theory seriously incomplete. Special features and important topics covered in this book include: * Classical theories of optical properties based on idealized models * Measurements for three representative materials: magnesium oxide, aluminum, and water * An extensive discussion of electromagnetic theory * Numerous exact and approximate solutions to various scattering problems * Examples and applications from physics, astrophysics, atmospheric physics, and biophysics * Some 500 references emphasizing work done since Kerker's 1969 work on scattering theory * Computer programs for calculating scattering by spheres, coated spheres, and infinite cylinders
Author: Subodh K. Sharma
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 354037664X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 203
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Book Description
This book deals with a particular class of approximation methods in the context of light scattering by small particles. Soft particles occur in ocean optics, biomedical optics, atmospheric optics and in many industrial applications. This class of approximations has been termed as eikonal or soft particle approximations. The study of these approximations is very important because soft particles occur abundantly in nature.
Author: Alex A. Kokhanovsky
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Summarizes current knowledge of the optical properties of single small particles and light scattering media (e.g. snow, clouds, foam, aerosols) crucial to diverse applications in atmospheric physics, atmospheric optics, ocean optics, remote sensing, astronomy, astrophysics, and biological optics. The main focus of Kokhanovsky (physics, Academy of Sciences, Minsk, Belarus) is on modern approximate analytical solutions for single and multiple light scattering problems, but he does not ignore theory (namely, scattering theory and radioactive transfer theory). Includes appendices on refractive indices; exact solutions of light-scattering problems for uniform, two-layered and optically active spherical particles; special functions; light-scattering codes on the Internet; and phase functions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Miroslaw Jonasz
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080548679
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 715
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Book Description
Light scattering-based methods are used to characterize small particles suspended in water in a wide range of disciplines ranging from oceanography, through medicine, to industry. The scope and accuracy of these methods steadily increases with the progress in light scattering research. This book focuses on the theoretical and experimental foundations of the study and modeling of light scattering by particles in water and critically evaluates the key constraints of light scattering models. It begins with a brief review of the relevant theoretical fundamentals of the interaction of light with condensed matter, followed by an extended discussion of the basic optical properties of pure water and seawater and the physical principles that explain them. The book continues with a discussion of key optical features of the pure water/seawater and the most common components of natural waters. In order to clarify and put in focus some of the basic physical principles and most important features of the experimental data on light scattering by particles in water, the authors employ simple models. The book concludes with extensive critical reviews of the experimental constraints of light scattering models: results of measurements of light scattering and of the key properties of the particles: size distribution, refractive index (composition), structure, and shape. These reviews guide the reader through literature scattered among more than 210 scientific journals and periodicals which represent a wide range of disciplines. A special emphasis is put on the methods of measuring both light scattering and the relevant properties of the particles, because principles of these methods may affect interpretation and applicability of the results. The book includes extensive guides to literature on light scattering data and instrumentation design, as well as on the data for size distributions, refractive indices, and shapes typical of particles in natural waters. It also features a comprehensive index, numerous cross-references, and a reference list with over 1370 entries. An errata sheet for this work can be found at: http://www.tpdsci.com/Ref/Jonasz_M_2007_LightScatE.php *Extensive reference section provides handy compilations of knowledge on the designs of light scattering meters, sources of experimental data, and more *Worked exercises and examples throughout
