Soil Characteristics and Subsequent Corn Development Following Partial Corn Residue Removal in a No-till, Corn-soybean Rotation PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Soil Characteristics and Subsequent Corn Development Following Partial Corn Residue Removal in a No-till, Corn-soybean Rotation PDF full book. Access full book title Soil Characteristics and Subsequent Corn Development Following Partial Corn Residue Removal in a No-till, Corn-soybean Rotation by Deanna Boardman-Smith. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Deanna Boardman-Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Get Book Here
Book Description
If producers employ corn (Zea mays L.) residue removal for ethanol production, soil and subsequent corn development characteristics could be affected. Little research has evaluated partial corn residue removal from baling followed by the use of a cover crop to mitigate potential changes to soil characteristics and corn development. Research is needed to determine the effects of corn residue removal and establish residue management recommendations for producers to prevent a decline in soil and corn productivity. This three year study evaluated the effects of Baled (60% residue removal) and Not Baled (0% residue removal) corn residue treatments in combination with None and Rye (Secale cereal L.) cover crop treatments on 14 soil characteristics and 25 corn development characteristics in a no-till, corn-soybean rotation. The Baled treatment reduced soil magnesium concentrations, increased soil water content at corn silking (R1) and accumulated more rye biomass than Not Baled treatments. The Rye treatment increased soil ammonium-N concentration, soil water content at R1, minimum and average soil temperature at corn emergence (VE). Early, median and late emerging corn plants of each residue and cover crop treatment were also tracked throughout the growing season to evaluate how emergence order affected 24 plant development characteristics. Significant differences occurred among Early, Median and Late emergence classes for days after planting to VE, days after planting to R1, length of vegetative development, length of lifecycle, stalk diameter, and corn residue cellulose content. Residue treatment only affected the plant height of emergence classes. Cover crop treatment only affected the length of lifecycle for emergence classes. The results of this study demonstrate that 60% corn residue removal is feasible in a no-till, corn-soybean rotation causing minimal affects to soil and corn development characteristics. A small amount of biomass was established with rye as a winter cover crop, providing few benefits to soil quality and corn development.
Author: Deanna Boardman-Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomass energy
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Get Book Here
Book Description
If producers employ corn (Zea mays L.) residue removal for ethanol production, soil and subsequent corn development characteristics could be affected. Little research has evaluated partial corn residue removal from baling followed by the use of a cover crop to mitigate potential changes to soil characteristics and corn development. Research is needed to determine the effects of corn residue removal and establish residue management recommendations for producers to prevent a decline in soil and corn productivity. This three year study evaluated the effects of Baled (60% residue removal) and Not Baled (0% residue removal) corn residue treatments in combination with None and Rye (Secale cereal L.) cover crop treatments on 14 soil characteristics and 25 corn development characteristics in a no-till, corn-soybean rotation. The Baled treatment reduced soil magnesium concentrations, increased soil water content at corn silking (R1) and accumulated more rye biomass than Not Baled treatments. The Rye treatment increased soil ammonium-N concentration, soil water content at R1, minimum and average soil temperature at corn emergence (VE). Early, median and late emerging corn plants of each residue and cover crop treatment were also tracked throughout the growing season to evaluate how emergence order affected 24 plant development characteristics. Significant differences occurred among Early, Median and Late emergence classes for days after planting to VE, days after planting to R1, length of vegetative development, length of lifecycle, stalk diameter, and corn residue cellulose content. Residue treatment only affected the plant height of emergence classes. Cover crop treatment only affected the length of lifecycle for emergence classes. The results of this study demonstrate that 60% corn residue removal is feasible in a no-till, corn-soybean rotation causing minimal affects to soil and corn development characteristics. A small amount of biomass was established with rye as a winter cover crop, providing few benefits to soil quality and corn development.
Author: Kellar E. Nelson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic Dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 69
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 mandates the use of 21 billion gallons of biofuel from cellulose or other advanced forms by the year 2022. Corn stover is an attractive choice for cellulosic ethanol production because it is readily available and easily obtainable. Understanding how corn stover removal affects soybean emergence and development is essential to developing appropriate management recommendations for both partners in a corn-soybean rotation. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the effects of corn stover removal on soybean emergence and development and (2) to determine if cover crops ameliorate any of the possible negative effects to soybean from corn stover removal. Field experiments were conducted near Columbia, Missouri in 2010 and 2011. The effects of two residue removal treatments (Baled and Not Baled), three cover crop treatments (rye, radish, and no cover crop) and two emergence class treatments (Early emergence and Late emergence) were analyzed. Corn stover removal increased the mean daily average soil temperature, but the absence or presence of residue on the soil surface did not affect emergence. Emergence class had a significant effect on the number of days from planting to emergence at nearly every growth stage in both years. Removing residue increased stand density in both years. Residue removal affected seed number and seed weight per plant in both years. Grain weight per plant was significantly higher in the Early emergence class than in the Late emergence class. The results of this study suggest that corn stover can be removed and used for biofuel if residue removal does not exceed recommended rates, and if cover crops are used to replace removed residue.
Author: Jeffrey Smeenk
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural systems
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Kevin A. Schoessow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 334
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Gurbir Singh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 490
Get Book Here
Book Description
Corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean ( Glycine max L.) production in the Midwest US can result in significant nutrient leaching to groundwater and surface waters, which contributes to eutrophication and hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico. A promising strategy to control nutrient leaching and sediment runoff loss during winter fallow period is the use of cover crops (CCs). In southern Illinois, CCs are not widely adopted by farmers due to economic constraints and the lack of scientific data that supports benefits of incorporating CCs into the corn-soybean rotation. This doctoral dissertation addresses the critical question of the feasibility of the use of CCs in southern Illinois and is divided into three overarching research studies with different objectives divided into six research chapters. Research study 1 was a field experiment conducted from 2013 to 2017 to examine the effect of CCs (CC vs noCC) under two tillage systems [(no-tillage (NT) and conventional tillage (CT)] on aboveground plant attributes [dry matter yield, C:N ratio and nitrogen uptake (N uptake)], crop yields, available soil N content and N leaching in the vadose zone. The experimental layout was a randomized design with three rotations including corn-noCC-soybean-noCC [CncSnc], corn-cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) -soybean-hairy vetch (Vicia villosa R.) [CcrShv], and corn-cereal rye-soybean-oats+radish (Avena sativa L. + Raphanus sativus L.) [CcrSor] and two tillage systems. Soil samples collected after corn or soybean harvest and CC termination were analyzed for standard soil fertility parameters. Pan lysimeters installed below the 'A' horizon with depth varying from 22 to 30 cm were used for measuring soil solution nutrient concentration on weekly or biweekly basis depending on the precipitation. In NT system, the corn yield was 14% greater with CcrShv compared to CncSnc, whereas no significant difference existed in corn yield due to CC treatments within CT. Both CC treatments under NT reduced soybean yield by 24 to 27% compared to noCC. The rotations CcrShv and CcrSor with hairy vetch and oats+radish as preceding CCs resulted in 89% (37.73 vs 19.96 kg ha-1) and 68% (33.46 vs 19.96 kg ha-1) more nitrate-N (NO 3-N) leaching than the CncSnc during cash crop season 2015. During the CC season in spring 2016, cereal rye CC in CcrShv and CcrSor reduced the NO 3-N leaching by 84% (0.68 kg ha-1) and 78% (0.63 kg ha-1) compared to the CncSnc, respectively, under the CT system. Overall, our results indicated that the CT system had greater N leaching losses compared to NT system due to higher N availability in the tilled soil profile. The goal of the second research study was to understand the mechanisms of N cycling by CCs. We applied 15N labeled urea fertilizer (9.2% atom) to corn that followed hairy vetch and noCC in May 2017 to evaluate the contribution of fertilizer and soil organic matter to N leaching and quantify the 15N content of surface runoff after storm events. During the 2017 corn season, repeated soil samples were collected and analyzed for 15N fertilizer recovery in soil at three depths. 15N recovery was higher in the corn that had hairy vetch as the preceding CC than the corn that had noCC by 13.13 and 3.68 kg ha-1 on soil sampling events of 7 and 21 days after planting of corn, respectively, at the depth 15-30 cm. Overall, the cumulative loss of 15NO 3-N during corn season 2017 was
Author: Michael Duffy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 20
Get Book Here
Book Description
Extract: Average per-acre returns differ little for most U.S. corn and soybean farmers using various alternative tillage strategies, according to this analysis of 1980 farm-level production data. Midwest conventional-till soybean farmers, however, accrue a significantly higher average return than do Midwest no-till farmers. Most conservation-till soybean farmers in the three major producing regions incur significantly lower input costs than do conventional-till soybean farmers, but also harvest lower yields except in the Southeast. Significant differences were found in the use of specific corn and soybean inputs among alternative tillage strategies.
Author: Wells Dean Hively
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 132
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Brian George Meese
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 254
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: G.B. Medina
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Get Book Here
Book Description
The study consisted of a field and a pot experiment. the objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the stimulatory or inhibitory effect of corn residues on the growth and yeild of subsequent crops such as corn, soybean and mungbean, (2) to evaluate the effects of tillage on the inhibitory or stimulatory effect of corn residues to subsequent crops, (3) to estimate the best time of planting of subsequent crops such that inhibitory effect due to corn residues is no longer active. Field experiment revealed that corn, soybean or mungbean grown in a field previously planted to cron and had corn residues incorporated after harvest have a tendency to be taller than those plants grown after a fallow period (control). Significant difference in corn ear-length and grain yield was observed between corn planted in a field with corn residue and corn planted after fallow. Higher grain yeild and longer earlength were recorded in a field previously planted to corn and with corn residue incorporated. On the other hand, nungbean grain yield planted in a field previously cropped to corn and with corn residues applied was not significantly different from grain yield obtained after fallow. The results seemed to indicate that corn residues left in the field after harvest influenced a stimulatory response to the following crops when zero of minimum tillage was employed. The results of the pot experiment suggest that a decomposing corn residues in the field and or a field previously planted to cron and with corn residues (...).
Author: Philip Jon Copeland
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Get Book Here
Book Description
