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Author: Jack Knight
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521421898
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
A thorough critique of theories of institutional change followed by the development of a new theory emphasising the role of distributional conflict in the emergence of social institutions.
Author: Jack Knight
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521421898
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
A thorough critique of theories of institutional change followed by the development of a new theory emphasising the role of distributional conflict in the emergence of social institutions.
Author: Dmitri M. Bondarenko
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030514374
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 662
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Book Description
This book presents a novel and innovative approach to the study of social evolution using case studies from the Old and the New World, from prehistory to the present. This approach is based on examining social evolution through the evolution of social institutions. Evolution is defined as the process of structural change. Within this framework the society, or culture, is seen as a system composed of a vast number of social institutions that are constantly interacting and changing. As a result, the structure of society as a whole is also evolving and changing. The authors posit that the combination of evolving social institutions explains the non-linear character of social evolution and that every society develops along its own pathway and pace. Within this framework, society should be seen as the result of the compound effect of the interactions of social institutions specific to it. Further, the transformation of social institutions and relations between them is taking place not only within individual societies but also globally, as institutions may be trans-societal, and even institutions that operate in one society can arise as a reaction to trans-societal trends and demands. The book argues that it may be more productive to look at institutions even within a given society as being parts of trans-societal systems of institutions since, despite their interconnectedness, societies still have boundaries, which their members usually know and respect. Accordingly, the book is a must-read for researchers and scholars in various disciplines who are interested in a better understanding of the origins, history, successes and failures of social institutions.
Author: Michael Hechter
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
ISBN: 9780202368986
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
This is the first book to present a synthesis of rational choice theory and sociological perspectives for the analysis of social institutions. The origin of social institutions is an old concern in social theory. Currently it has re-emerged as one of the most intensely debated issues in social science. Among economists and rational choice theorists, there is growing awareness that most, if not all, of the social outcomes that are of interest to explain are at least partly a function of institutional constraints. Yet the role of institutions is negligible both in general equilibrium theory and in most neoclassical economic models. There is a burgeoning substantive interest in institutions ranging from social movements, to formal organizations, to states, and even international regimes. Rational choice theorists have made great strides in elucidating the effects of institutions on a variety of social outcomes, but they have paid insufficient attention to the social dynamics that lead to the emergence of these institutions. Typically, these institutions have been assumed to be a given, rather than considered as outcomes requiring explanation in their own right. Sociological theorists, in contrast, have long appreciated the role of social structural constraints in the determination of outcomes but have neglected the role of individual agents. Michael Hechter is professor emeritus in the department of Sociology at the University of Washington. He is the author of numerous books. He became an Elected Fellow to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2004 and has been featured in Who's Who. He is also currently on editorial boards for a numerous amount of journals. Karl-Dieter Opp is professor of sociology at Univesitat Leipzig. He has been a Fellow of the European Academy of Sociology since 1999 and has been member of the Council and Treasurer since 2000. He is also current on the advisory board for the magazine Mind and Society. Reinhard Wippler is professor of theoretical sociology at the University of Utrecht and scientific director of the Interuniversity Center for Sociological Theory and Methodology.
Author: Steven Heydemann
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520224221
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
A fresh look at the effects of war on state and society in the Middle East, challenging traditional assumptions based on European experience. The authors argue that war has destabilized Middle Eastern states and eroded national cohesion.
Author: Catherine E. Ross
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351490516
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
A core interest of social science is the study of stratification--inequalities in income, power, and prestige. Few persons would care about such inequalities if the poor, powerless, and despised were as happy and fulfilled as the wealthy, powerful, and admired. Social research often springs from humanistic empathy and concern as much as from scholarly and scientific curiosity. An economist might observe that black Americans are disproportionately poor, and investigate racial differences in education, employment, and occupation that account for disproportionate poverty. A table comparing additional income blacks and whites can expect for each additional year of education is thus as interesting in its own right as any dinosaur bone or photo of Saturn. However, something more than curiosity underscores our interest in the table. Racial differences in status and income are a problem in the human sense. Inequality in misery makes social and economic inequality personally meaningful. There are two ways social scientists avoid advocacy in addressing issues of social stratification. The first way is to resist projecting personal beliefs, values, and responses as much as possible, while recognizing that the attempt is never fully successful. The second way is by giving the values of the subjects an expression in the research design. Typically, this takes the form of opinion or attitude surveys. Researchers ask respondents to rate the seriousness of crimes, the appropriateness of a punishment for a crime, the prestige of occupations, the fair pay for a job, or the largest amount of money a family can earn and not be poor, and so on. The aggregate judgments, and variations in judgments, represent the values of the subjects and not those of the researcher. They are objective facts with causes and consequences of interest in their own right. This work is an effort to move methodology closer to human concerns without sacrificing the scientific grounds of research as such. The
Author: Óscar García Agustín
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027268290
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Sociology of Discourse takes the perspective that collective actors like social movements are capable of creating social change from below by creating new institutions through alternative discourses. Institutionalization becomes a process of moving away from existing institutions towards creating new ones. While discourses entail openness and enable the questioning of what is instituted, institutions offer continuity and stability to social mobilizations. This dual movement of openness and stabilization explains how social struggles ensure their continuity, without completely assuming the logic of the dominant order. The book proposes an analytical model of social change, which is unfolded through three intertwined areas: discourse, communication, and institution. Collective experiences of social change, from the anti-globalization movement to Occupy, illustrate the main theoretical points and concepts. Through the example of the Platform for People Affected by Mortgages, the book concludes by analyzing how social change from below is possible.
Author: Talcott Parsons
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226647498
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
Offering a diverse set of contributions to current social contracting research, this volume illustrates how social contracts necessarily underlie and facilitate all forms of capitalist production and exchange. The editors bring together novel contributions from fields as diverse as economics, evolutionary game theory, contract law, business ethics, moral philosophy and anthropology to offer multifaceted but subtly intertwined perspectives on fundamental questions concerning human cooperation.
Author: D. Gelderblom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
The Introduction to Sociology series aims to present foundational sociology in a unique way that will introduce students to current debates in the field. This book is an introduction to the field in sociology, with an emphasis on the family and education, especially those issues relevant to southern Africa and the developing world.
Author: D. Heise
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230108490
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
This book shows how the individual constructs a self from the thousands of colloquial identities provided by a society's culture, and reveals how the individual actualizes and sustains an integrated and stable self while navigating the sometimes treacherous waters of everyday institutional life.
Author: Sharon K. Houseknecht
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780195131185
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 395
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Book Description
Family and religion face a myriad of challenges in the modern age. Although many social theorists think these institutions would be greatly weakened or eliminated in the course of modernization, this book rejects that notion and demonstrates that both family and religion--no matter what significant transformations they may be undergoing--are nevertheless well rooted in societies throughout the world. The persistence and vitality of these two institutions contradict the secularization thesis or the family decline thesis. Though the importance of religion and family is manifested in different ways and in different contexts, these institutions are important virtually everywhere, in both the public and private spheres. Family, Religion, and Social Change in Diverse Societies deals with family and religion together, examining their unique relationship as institutions as well as the way in which they interact with other social institutions, including politics and economics. Authored by an international group of scholars in sociology and anthropology, the fourteen essays are complex analyses of social change processes occurring within societies. Taking an inter-institutional perspective, each essay explores the special link between religion and family in a specific society. Together, the introduction and essays in the book cover societies on five continents, examining varying levels of economic development, diverse religious traditions, and differing degrees of cultural homogeneity. Providing informative and compelling studies, Family, Religion, and Social Change in Diverse Societies offers a good mix of both descriptive and statistical information.
