Handbook of Research on Knowledge-Intensive Organizations PDF Download
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Author: Jemielniak, Dariusz
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1605661775
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Provides an international collection of studies on knowledge-intensive organizations with insight into organizational realities as varied as universities, consulting agencies, corporations, and high-tech start-ups.
Author: Jemielniak, Dariusz
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1605661775
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 672
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Book Description
Provides an international collection of studies on knowledge-intensive organizations with insight into organizational realities as varied as universities, consulting agencies, corporations, and high-tech start-ups.
Author: Johanna Sylvander
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9179298869
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 123
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Book Description
The overall purpose of the thesis is to explore the meaning of professionalism and independence for the individuals within the audit arena. Professionalism is defined as the occupational values that guide auditors’ professional behaviour, and how independence is understood is assumed to be influenced by the social groups the auditors identify with. The audit arena consists of several social actors, i.e. the audit profession, audit firms, and auditors, as well as external constituencies of the profession, i.e. accountors and accountees. The audit profession both serves the public interest by quality-ensuring the information provided by the accountors to the accountees as well as conducts business in a state-sanctioned monopoly-like market. Appearing independent and professional is therefore critical for the profession as independence and professionalism is the basis of society’s trust in the profession and may particularly influence the profession’s ability to recruit and retain staff. The audit profession, audit firms, offices and audit teams are social groups which influence the values, attitudes, and behaviours of the auditors through the process of socialization into the profession and the audit firm. However, accountors (i.e. clients) and accountees (i.e. stakeholders such as investors) are also social actors, who may influence the values, attitudes, and behaviour of auditors, if auditors identify with these social actors. Exploring the social identities at ‘play’ within the audit arena enables us to more fully understand the values that guide professional work. The thesis empirically investigates the social identity audit arena through potential, current, and former audit employees’ perceptions of the audit arena, where the data is both qualitative (interviews) and quantitative (surveys) in nature. The empirical material provides both pre-socialized and post-socialized perspectives on the audit arena, where the bulk of the material stems from the pre-socialized perspective. The thesis suggests that there are two types of auditors, namely small client auditors and large client auditors, where the small client auditor group dominates the audit arena. The role of the small client auditor is described differently from the large (public) client auditor’s role. The small client auditor is perceived as a teacher who helps the clients run their businesses better, and avoid problems with tax authorities et cetera, making it necessary for the auditor to have a good and close relationship with the client in order to fulfil her/his role. The large client auditor is described more as having the ‘traditional’ guardians of the market role. Hence, it seems as the small client auditor is guided by other values and has a different understanding of independence compared to the large client auditor. However, the large client auditor is also perceived as having a counselling teacher role, indicating that some professional values are shared by small client and large client auditors. These different roles auditors are perceived to have, where independence and working for the public interest seem to mean different things, can influence how new audit employees perceive the profession. If employees expect to work as ‘large client auditors’, but instead experience work being guided by small client auditor values (or vice versa), it may influence the willingness to stay in the profession. These two roles are also a potential factor influencing the expectation gap, i.e. the gap between what society thinks the auditor does and what s/he does in practice. These two roles may therefore influence society’s image of the auditor, and where the profession may have issues in appearing independent in the relationship with small clients. Avhandlingens övergripande syfte är att utforska innebörden av professionalism och oberoende för individerna inom revisionsarenan. Professionalism definieras som de yrkesrelaterade värderingarna som styr hur man som professionell revisor bör agera och hur oberoende förstås antas påverkas av vilka sociala grupper revisorn identifierar sig med. Revisionsarenan består av flera sociala aktörer, nämligen revisionsprofessionen, revisionsbyråer, och revisorer, och även externa intressenter till professionen, nämligen redovisningsskyldiga och redovisningsberättigade. Revisionsprofessionen har ett viktigt samhällsuppdrag att kvalitetssäkra informationen som de redovisningsskyldiga tillhåller de redovisningsberättigade. Dock bedriver professionen samtidigt affärer på den monopolmarknad professionen har genom den lagstadgade revisionen. För professionen är det därmed av yttersta vikt att framstå som oberoende och professionell, då oberoende och professionalism är grunden för samhällets tillit till professionen. Innebörden av professionalism och oberoende inom revisionsarenan kan speciellt påverka professionens möjligheter att rekrytera och behålla personal. Revisionsprofessionen, revisionsbyråerna, arbetskontoren och revisionsteamen är sociala grupper som påverkar revisorers värderingar, attityder och beteende genom socialiseringen in i professionen och revisionsbyrån. De redovisningsskyldiga (klienter) och de redovisningsberättigade (intressenter så som investerare) är andra sociala aktörer som kan påverka revisorers värderingar, attityder och beteende, om revisorerna identifierar sig med dessa sociala grupper. Genom att utforska vilka sociala identiteter som verkar inom revisionsarenan kan vi få större kunskap kring vilka värderingar som styr det professionella arbetet. Avhandlingen undersöker potentiella, nuvarande och före detta revisionsmedarbetares uppfattningar om revisionsarenan, där empirin både är av kvalitativ (intervjuer) och kvantitativ (enkäter) natur. Det empiriska materialet ger både ett ‘försocialiserat’ och ‘eftersocialiserat’ perspektiv på revisionsarenan, där tyngden ligger på det försocialiserade perspektivet. Avhandlingen tyder på att det finns två typer av revisorer, nämligen ‘småbolagsrevisorer’ och ‘storbolagsrevisorer’, där ‘småbolagsrevisorer’ är den största gruppen. ‘Småbolagsrevisorns’ roll beskrivs annorlunda jämfört med hur ‘storbolagsrevisorns’ roll beskrivs. ‘Småbolagsrevisorn’ uppfattas som en lärare som hjälper klienterna att driva sina företag bättre, och undvika problem med Skatteverket med mera, vilket innebär att revisorn måste ha en god och nära relation med klienten för att kunna uppfylla sin roll. ‘Storbolagsrevisorn’ beskrivs mer som revisorsrollen traditionell beskrivs, d.v.s. som en ‘marknadsväktare’ och en oberoende granskare. Det verkar alltså som att ‘småbolagsrevisorn’ utgår ifrån andra professionella värderingar och har en annan förståelse av oberoende jämfört med ‘storbolagsrevisorn’. Dock uppfattas ‘storbolagsrevisorn’ även ha en rådgivande lärarroll, vilket indikerar att ‘småbolagsrevisorer’ och ‘storbolagsrevisorer’ delar vissa professionella värderingar. Dessa olika roller som revisorer upplevs ha, där oberoende och arbete för det allmännas intresse verkar betyda olika saker, kan påverka hur nya anställda upplever revision som yrke. Om anställda förväntar sig att arbeta som en ’storbolagsrevisor’ men istället får uppleva yrket som en ’småbolagsrevisor’ (eller tvärtom) så kan det påverka viljan att vara kvar i yrket. Dessa två roller är även en potentiell aspekt som påverkar förväntansgapet, dvs skillnaden mellan vad samhället tror att revisorn gör och vad hen faktiskt gör. Dessa två roller kan alltså påverka samhällets bild av revisorn, där revisionsprofessionen kan ha svårt att hävda sig vara oberoende gentemot dessa mindre klienter.
Author: Marcela Miozzo
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 184720175X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 293
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Book Description
The book provides convincing findings against the hypothesis of KIBS as a factor of cognitive convergence or loss of diversity within our economies. On the contrary, KIBS are active agents of divergence and there is no universal pattern of the nature and the evolution of KIBS, but national varieties. It also shows that in order to well understand the inter-organizational collaboration between KIBS and their clients and more generally KIBS dynamics and their performance, transaction cost economies and agent theory should be complemented by other perspectives such as knowledge-based approaches, network theories, modularity theories, etc. This book, which is strongly oriented towards both policy and theoretical questions, is a valuable addition to a body of literature which is still too scarce. No doubt that it will stimulate further research in this field. It is undoubtedly a high level, knowledge intensive service provision about knowledge intensive business services. Faïz Gallouj, University of Lille, France This book focuses on the development of Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) and the associated market characteristics and organisational forms. It brings together reputed scholars from a mix of disciplines to explore the nature and evolution of a range of Knowledge Intensive Business Services. Through an examination of KIBS sectors such as computer services, management consultancy and R&D services, the contributions in this book argue that the evolution of KIBS is strongly associated with new inter-organizational forms and that different country institutions shape the characteristics of these organisational forms. The book provides a strong contribution to theory and empirical evidence on fast-growing KIBS and their implications for innovation. The book will be of interest to final year undergraduates and postgraduate students and scholars in the field of innovation studies, organisation studies and comparative business systems, across Europe.
Author: Mats Alvesson
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191514985
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
The book addresses the concept of knowledge in a work and organizational context, professional or knowledge work, and knowledge-intensive firms. It provides a critical, moderate social constructivist understanding of these themes and the current interest in knowledge management, organization and the "knowledge economy". Professional service as well as science and high-tech work and firms are treated, reporting case studies of IT and management consultancy firms, advertising agencies and life science based companies. The concepts of knowledge and knowledge management are discussed and dominant functionalist thinking debunked. The ambiguity of knowledge in the input, process and output of professional work is emphasized. It is suggested that we should be careful in assuming too much about the nature, role and effects of "knowledge" in business life and instead take the constructed nature of knowledge seriously and scrutinize knowledge claims. Knowledge talk and claims may frequently be key elements in marketing and identity work as much as they inform us about key activities of professionals and knowledge-intensive firms. The book covers a fairly broad set of management, organization and working life aspects are addressed, including HRM themes and different forms of control including client control and regulation of identity. From a perspective emphasizing the ambiguity of social and business life, rhetoric, symbolism, image, politics of knowledge claims, identity and identity work are viewed as crucial for the understanding and management of professional/knowledge work and organizations. The book is provocative and challenges key assumptions in dominant knowledge and organization thinking, suggesting a novel theoretical approach. The book is intended for third year level undergraduates upwards, and aims to say things also of relevance for scholars. It mixes textbook and research ambitions. As a (moderately) constructivist text with a relatively broad focus, the book may have some potential as a text complementing more conventional textbooks also in general organization and management courses.
Author: Hern ez, Olga Rivera
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1605668036
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 540
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Book Description
"This book provides a sound understanding of the managerial implications of communities of practice as well as their opportunities and limits for knowledge management"--nota del editor.
Author: Andreas werr
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317365119
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
It is often claimed that we live in an expert society, a society where more and more individuals take expert roles in increasingly narrow fields. In contrast to more traditional experts most of these new experts lack generally accepted mechanisms for the certification and legitimation of their expertise. This book focuses on these new as well as established experts and the efforts undertaken to secure and legitimate their expertise. We view these efforts as organizing attempts and study them on four different levels – the society, the market, the organization and the individual. Based on empirical studies on these four levels of analysis, The Organization of the Expert Society makes the argument that current organizing initiatives in the expert society are based in an objectifying view of expertise that risks concealing and downplaying key aspects of expertise. Well-intended organizing initiatives in the expert society thus run the risk of promoting ignorance rather than securing expertise. Focusing on a current, general and global phenomenon, the rise and organization of an expert society. The Organization of the Expert Society will be key reading for scholars, academics and policy makers in the management fields of Organizational Theory, Management Consulting, Organizations & Society, Critical Management Studies as well as the disciplines of Sociology, Political Science and Social Anthropology.
Author: Isabell M. Welpe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319097857
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 493
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Book Description
This book contributes to the current discussion in society, politics and higher education on innovation capacity and the financial and non-financial incentives for researchers. The expert contributions in the book deal with implementation of incentive systems at higher education institutions in order to foster innovation. On the other hand, the book also discusses the extent to which governance structures from economy can be transferred to universities and how scientific performance can be measured and evaluated. This book is essential for decision-makers in knowledge-intensive organizations and higher-educational institutions dealing with the topic of performance management.
Author: Peter S. Brandon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444301357
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
In recent years the construction industry has been criticised forlack of successful innovation compared to other major industries.The question of why the industry has not been seen to be innovativehas created concern among many involved with construction andproperty. The driving concern is where the motivation for thisinnovation should come from. Although construction clients havemade an impact in this area, the industry itself seems divided asto whether, when and where clients should drive the innovationprocess. Clients Driving Innovation brings together an international groupof researchers and practitioners to investigate the role of clientsin construction innovation. Written in three parts, it covers thecontext for innovation driven by clients, the client impact on theinnovation process and how new ideas can be pushed through intopractice. Numerous case studies illustrate the role clients canplay and the key issues that need to be addressed. With increasing interest in the contribution clients can make toconstruction innovation, Clients Driving Innovation will beessential reading for construction management researchers, majorconstruction contractors and clients and government policy makers.
Author: Teresa Torres-Coronas
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 9781591404361
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
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Book Description
This book, though, provides a deep discussion about e-HRM issues so the reader can have a thoughtful background about the key role played by those who participate in e-HRM activities. A variety of experiences are provided to involve the reader in real problems and, thus, to help the reader gain an understanding of current and future e-HRM challenges. The books also explores the impact of IT on communication effectiveness, the concept of protean career, the integration of handheld computer technology into HR practice, the B2E models and, perspectives in organizational development and IT.
Author: Joe Tidd
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1786343495
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 513
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Book Description
Since the pioneering work scholars such as Joseph Schumpeter and Peter Drucker, the fields of innovation and entrepreneurship have evolved to become two separate and distinct disciplines. Schumpeter 1 focused on the contributions of entrepreneurial startups and smaller firms, whereas Schumpeter 2 emphasized the role of formal research, development and industrial innovation in larger firms. Unfortunately, the study and practice of each field has suffered as a result: entrepreneurship has become preoccupied with individual entrepreneurs and small business creation, and innovation is dominated by corporate R&D and new product development.Promoting Innovation in New Ventures and Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) aims to bridge these two fields by examining innovation in new ventures and SMEs. This book identifies themes which can reunite the study and practice of entrepreneurship and innovation by examining a potentially bridging phenomenon. The focus here is on high growth, innovative SMEs, and the interactions between SMEs and larger organizations, private and public. It is organized around three overlapping themes: SME innovation performance, practices and networks.
